Quantifying the intra- and inter-species community interactions in microbiomes by dynamic covariance mapping

Abstract A microbiome’s composition, stability, and response to perturbations are governed by its community interaction matrix, typically quantified through pairwise competition. However, in natural environments, microbes encounter multispecies interactions, complex conditions, and unculturable memb...

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Main Authors: Melis Gencel, Gisela Marrero Cofino, Cang Hui, Zahra Sahaf, Louis Gauthier, Chloé Matta, David Gagné-Leroux, Derek K. L. Tsang, Dana P. Philpott, Sheela Ramathan, Alfredo Menendez, Shimon Bershtein, Adrian W. R. Serohijos
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Nature Communications
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-61368-y
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author Melis Gencel
Gisela Marrero Cofino
Cang Hui
Zahra Sahaf
Louis Gauthier
Chloé Matta
David Gagné-Leroux
Derek K. L. Tsang
Dana P. Philpott
Sheela Ramathan
Alfredo Menendez
Shimon Bershtein
Adrian W. R. Serohijos
author_facet Melis Gencel
Gisela Marrero Cofino
Cang Hui
Zahra Sahaf
Louis Gauthier
Chloé Matta
David Gagné-Leroux
Derek K. L. Tsang
Dana P. Philpott
Sheela Ramathan
Alfredo Menendez
Shimon Bershtein
Adrian W. R. Serohijos
author_sort Melis Gencel
collection DOAJ
description Abstract A microbiome’s composition, stability, and response to perturbations are governed by its community interaction matrix, typically quantified through pairwise competition. However, in natural environments, microbes encounter multispecies interactions, complex conditions, and unculturable members. Moreover, evolutionary and ecological processes occur on overlapping timescales, making intra-species clonal diversity a critical but poorly understood factor influencing community interactions. Here, we present Dynamic Covariance Mapping (DCM), a general approach to infer microbiome interaction matrices from abundance time-series data. By combining DCM with high-resolution chromosomal barcoding, we quantify inter- and intra-species interactions during E. coli colonization in the mouse gut under three contexts: germ-free, antibiotic-perturbed, and innate microbiota. We identify distinct temporal phases in susceptible communities: (1) destabilization upon E. coli invasion, (2) partial recolonization of native bacteria, and (3) a quasi-steady state where E. coli sub-lineages coexist with resident microbes. These phases are shaped by specific interactions between E. coli clones and community members, emphasizing the dynamic and lineage-specific nature of microbial networks. Our results reveal how ecological and evolutionary dynamics jointly shape microbiome structure over time. The DCM framework provides a scalable method to dissect complex community interactions and is broadly applicable to bacterial ecosystems both in vitro and in situ.
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spelling doaj-art-eb9ab512e4cb461f8281caf77c4d77f72025-08-20T03:05:05ZengNature PortfolioNature Communications2041-17232025-07-0116112010.1038/s41467-025-61368-yQuantifying the intra- and inter-species community interactions in microbiomes by dynamic covariance mappingMelis Gencel0Gisela Marrero Cofino1Cang Hui2Zahra Sahaf3Louis Gauthier4Chloé Matta5David Gagné-Leroux6Derek K. L. Tsang7Dana P. Philpott8Sheela Ramathan9Alfredo Menendez10Shimon Bershtein11Adrian W. R. Serohijos12Department of Biochemistry, Université de MontréalDépartement de microbiologie et d’infectiologie, Université de SherbrookeCentre for Invasion Biology, Department of Mathematical Sciences, Stellenbosch UniversityDepartment of Biochemistry, Université de MontréalDepartment of Biochemistry, Université de MontréalDepartment of Biochemistry, Université de MontréalDepartment of Biochemistry, Université de MontréalDepartment of Immunology, University of TorontoDepartment of Immunology, University of TorontoDépartement d’immunologie et biologie cellulaire, Université de SherbrookeDépartement de microbiologie et d’infectiologie, Université de SherbrookeDepartment of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the NegevDepartment of Biochemistry, Université de MontréalAbstract A microbiome’s composition, stability, and response to perturbations are governed by its community interaction matrix, typically quantified through pairwise competition. However, in natural environments, microbes encounter multispecies interactions, complex conditions, and unculturable members. Moreover, evolutionary and ecological processes occur on overlapping timescales, making intra-species clonal diversity a critical but poorly understood factor influencing community interactions. Here, we present Dynamic Covariance Mapping (DCM), a general approach to infer microbiome interaction matrices from abundance time-series data. By combining DCM with high-resolution chromosomal barcoding, we quantify inter- and intra-species interactions during E. coli colonization in the mouse gut under three contexts: germ-free, antibiotic-perturbed, and innate microbiota. We identify distinct temporal phases in susceptible communities: (1) destabilization upon E. coli invasion, (2) partial recolonization of native bacteria, and (3) a quasi-steady state where E. coli sub-lineages coexist with resident microbes. These phases are shaped by specific interactions between E. coli clones and community members, emphasizing the dynamic and lineage-specific nature of microbial networks. Our results reveal how ecological and evolutionary dynamics jointly shape microbiome structure over time. The DCM framework provides a scalable method to dissect complex community interactions and is broadly applicable to bacterial ecosystems both in vitro and in situ.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-61368-y
spellingShingle Melis Gencel
Gisela Marrero Cofino
Cang Hui
Zahra Sahaf
Louis Gauthier
Chloé Matta
David Gagné-Leroux
Derek K. L. Tsang
Dana P. Philpott
Sheela Ramathan
Alfredo Menendez
Shimon Bershtein
Adrian W. R. Serohijos
Quantifying the intra- and inter-species community interactions in microbiomes by dynamic covariance mapping
Nature Communications
title Quantifying the intra- and inter-species community interactions in microbiomes by dynamic covariance mapping
title_full Quantifying the intra- and inter-species community interactions in microbiomes by dynamic covariance mapping
title_fullStr Quantifying the intra- and inter-species community interactions in microbiomes by dynamic covariance mapping
title_full_unstemmed Quantifying the intra- and inter-species community interactions in microbiomes by dynamic covariance mapping
title_short Quantifying the intra- and inter-species community interactions in microbiomes by dynamic covariance mapping
title_sort quantifying the intra and inter species community interactions in microbiomes by dynamic covariance mapping
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-61368-y
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