Interfacial Photogating of Graphene Field‐Effect Transistor for Photosensory Biomolecular Detection

Abstract The photogating effect, induced by a light‐driven gate voltage, modulates the potential energy of the active channel in field‐effect transistors, leading to a high photoconductive gain of these devices. The effect is particularly pronounced in low‐dimensional structures, especially in graph...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Leslie Howe, Yifei Wang, Kalani H. Ellepola, Vinh X. Ho, Rosalie L. Dohmen, Marlo M. Pinto, Wouter D. Hoff, Michael P. Cooney, Nguyen Q. Vinh
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley-VCH 2025-05-01
Series:Advanced Electronic Materials
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.202400716
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849328001320222720
author Leslie Howe
Yifei Wang
Kalani H. Ellepola
Vinh X. Ho
Rosalie L. Dohmen
Marlo M. Pinto
Wouter D. Hoff
Michael P. Cooney
Nguyen Q. Vinh
author_facet Leslie Howe
Yifei Wang
Kalani H. Ellepola
Vinh X. Ho
Rosalie L. Dohmen
Marlo M. Pinto
Wouter D. Hoff
Michael P. Cooney
Nguyen Q. Vinh
author_sort Leslie Howe
collection DOAJ
description Abstract The photogating effect, induced by a light‐driven gate voltage, modulates the potential energy of the active channel in field‐effect transistors, leading to a high photoconductive gain of these devices. The effect is particularly pronounced in low‐dimensional structures, especially in graphene field‐effect transistors. Along with unusual optical and electrical properties, graphene with ultra‐high carrier mobility and a highly sensitive surface generates a strong photogating effect in the structure, making it an excellent element for detecting light‐sensitive biomolecules. In this work, graphene field‐effect transistor biosensors is demonstrated for the rapid detection of photoactive yellow protein in an aqueous solution under optical illumination. The devices exhibit millisecond‐scale response times and achieve a detection limit below 5.8 fM under blue‐light excitation, consistent with the absorption characteristics of the protein. The photogating effect in graphene field‐effect transistors provides a promising approach for developing high‐performance, light‐sensitive biosensors for biomolecular detection applications.
format Article
id doaj-art-eb7c81ea1b06476ca74346626ca8d208
institution Kabale University
issn 2199-160X
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher Wiley-VCH
record_format Article
series Advanced Electronic Materials
spelling doaj-art-eb7c81ea1b06476ca74346626ca8d2082025-08-20T03:47:41ZengWiley-VCHAdvanced Electronic Materials2199-160X2025-05-01117n/an/a10.1002/aelm.202400716Interfacial Photogating of Graphene Field‐Effect Transistor for Photosensory Biomolecular DetectionLeslie Howe0Yifei Wang1Kalani H. Ellepola2Vinh X. Ho3Rosalie L. Dohmen4Marlo M. Pinto5Wouter D. Hoff6Michael P. Cooney7Nguyen Q. Vinh8Department of Physics and Center for Soft Matter and Biological Physics Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA 24061 USADepartment of Physics and Center for Soft Matter and Biological Physics Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA 24061 USADepartment of Physics and Center for Soft Matter and Biological Physics Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA 24061 USADepartment of Physics and Center for Soft Matter and Biological Physics Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA 24061 USADepartment of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics Oklahoma State University Stillwater OK 170404 USADepartment of Physics and Center for Soft Matter and Biological Physics Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA 24061 USADepartment of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics Oklahoma State University Stillwater OK 170404 USANASA Langley Research Center Hampton Virginia 23681 USADepartment of Physics and Center for Soft Matter and Biological Physics Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA 24061 USAAbstract The photogating effect, induced by a light‐driven gate voltage, modulates the potential energy of the active channel in field‐effect transistors, leading to a high photoconductive gain of these devices. The effect is particularly pronounced in low‐dimensional structures, especially in graphene field‐effect transistors. Along with unusual optical and electrical properties, graphene with ultra‐high carrier mobility and a highly sensitive surface generates a strong photogating effect in the structure, making it an excellent element for detecting light‐sensitive biomolecules. In this work, graphene field‐effect transistor biosensors is demonstrated for the rapid detection of photoactive yellow protein in an aqueous solution under optical illumination. The devices exhibit millisecond‐scale response times and achieve a detection limit below 5.8 fM under blue‐light excitation, consistent with the absorption characteristics of the protein. The photogating effect in graphene field‐effect transistors provides a promising approach for developing high‐performance, light‐sensitive biosensors for biomolecular detection applications.https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.202400716biosensorsfield‐effect transistorgraphenephotoactive yellow proteinphotogating effect
spellingShingle Leslie Howe
Yifei Wang
Kalani H. Ellepola
Vinh X. Ho
Rosalie L. Dohmen
Marlo M. Pinto
Wouter D. Hoff
Michael P. Cooney
Nguyen Q. Vinh
Interfacial Photogating of Graphene Field‐Effect Transistor for Photosensory Biomolecular Detection
Advanced Electronic Materials
biosensors
field‐effect transistor
graphene
photoactive yellow protein
photogating effect
title Interfacial Photogating of Graphene Field‐Effect Transistor for Photosensory Biomolecular Detection
title_full Interfacial Photogating of Graphene Field‐Effect Transistor for Photosensory Biomolecular Detection
title_fullStr Interfacial Photogating of Graphene Field‐Effect Transistor for Photosensory Biomolecular Detection
title_full_unstemmed Interfacial Photogating of Graphene Field‐Effect Transistor for Photosensory Biomolecular Detection
title_short Interfacial Photogating of Graphene Field‐Effect Transistor for Photosensory Biomolecular Detection
title_sort interfacial photogating of graphene field effect transistor for photosensory biomolecular detection
topic biosensors
field‐effect transistor
graphene
photoactive yellow protein
photogating effect
url https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.202400716
work_keys_str_mv AT lesliehowe interfacialphotogatingofgraphenefieldeffecttransistorforphotosensorybiomoleculardetection
AT yifeiwang interfacialphotogatingofgraphenefieldeffecttransistorforphotosensorybiomoleculardetection
AT kalanihellepola interfacialphotogatingofgraphenefieldeffecttransistorforphotosensorybiomoleculardetection
AT vinhxho interfacialphotogatingofgraphenefieldeffecttransistorforphotosensorybiomoleculardetection
AT rosalieldohmen interfacialphotogatingofgraphenefieldeffecttransistorforphotosensorybiomoleculardetection
AT marlompinto interfacialphotogatingofgraphenefieldeffecttransistorforphotosensorybiomoleculardetection
AT wouterdhoff interfacialphotogatingofgraphenefieldeffecttransistorforphotosensorybiomoleculardetection
AT michaelpcooney interfacialphotogatingofgraphenefieldeffecttransistorforphotosensorybiomoleculardetection
AT nguyenqvinh interfacialphotogatingofgraphenefieldeffecttransistorforphotosensorybiomoleculardetection