Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone receptor agonists and antagonists in prostate cancer: effects on long-term survival and combined therapy with next-generation hormonal agents

Prostate cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related death in men worldwide. Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone receptor (LHRH-R) agonists and antagonists are known to achieve castration-level testosterone suppression; however, long-term data comparing the survival benefits of these therapies are...

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Main Authors: Jinge Zhao, Junru Chen, Guangxi Sun, Pengfei Shen, Hao Zeng
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: China Anti-Cancer Association 2024-11-01
Series:Cancer Biology & Medicine
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Online Access:https://www.cancerbiomed.org/content/21/11/1012
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author Jinge Zhao
Junru Chen
Guangxi Sun
Pengfei Shen
Hao Zeng
author_facet Jinge Zhao
Junru Chen
Guangxi Sun
Pengfei Shen
Hao Zeng
author_sort Jinge Zhao
collection DOAJ
description Prostate cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related death in men worldwide. Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone receptor (LHRH-R) agonists and antagonists are known to achieve castration-level testosterone suppression; however, long-term data comparing the survival benefits of these therapies are insufficient to inform treatment decisions. Furthermore, the advent of next-generation hormonal agents (NHAs), such as abiraterone and enzalutamide, have shifted the paradigm of managing prostate cancer. Although LHRH-R agonists and antagonists remain the cornerstone treatment across various stages of prostate cancer, they are increasingly administered with NHAs, because the combination treatment confers a survival advantage. Nevertheless, the differences in efficacy and safety profiles among various combinations of LHRH-R agonists and antagonists and NHAs remain unclear. Hence, this narrative review is aimed at providing a comprehensive overview of the long-term outcomes of various LHRH-R agonists and antagonists. Key data from major clinical studies are summarized, categorized by disease stage. LHRH-R agonists and antagonists, particularly goserelin, have demonstrated long-term survival benefits in patients with localized and locally advanced prostate cancer. The clinical outcomes of different LHRH-R agonists and antagonists in combination with NHAs have also been evaluated. Among the various combinations, goserelin plus abiraterone appears to have a manageable safety profile with relatively low rates of hot flushes and fatigue. Overall, long-term survival data and safety profiles should be considered in selecting optimal combination therapies for prostate cancer treatment.
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spelling doaj-art-eb458e3d83a64e0a8f5bb71dd1ed2bcc2025-08-20T02:32:00ZengChina Anti-Cancer AssociationCancer Biology & Medicine2095-39412024-11-0121111012103210.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0139Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone receptor agonists and antagonists in prostate cancer: effects on long-term survival and combined therapy with next-generation hormonal agentsJinge Zhao0Junru Chen1Guangxi Sun2Pengfei Shen3Hao Zeng4Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, ChinaDepartment of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, ChinaDepartment of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, ChinaDepartment of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, ChinaDepartment of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, ChinaProstate cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related death in men worldwide. Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone receptor (LHRH-R) agonists and antagonists are known to achieve castration-level testosterone suppression; however, long-term data comparing the survival benefits of these therapies are insufficient to inform treatment decisions. Furthermore, the advent of next-generation hormonal agents (NHAs), such as abiraterone and enzalutamide, have shifted the paradigm of managing prostate cancer. Although LHRH-R agonists and antagonists remain the cornerstone treatment across various stages of prostate cancer, they are increasingly administered with NHAs, because the combination treatment confers a survival advantage. Nevertheless, the differences in efficacy and safety profiles among various combinations of LHRH-R agonists and antagonists and NHAs remain unclear. Hence, this narrative review is aimed at providing a comprehensive overview of the long-term outcomes of various LHRH-R agonists and antagonists. Key data from major clinical studies are summarized, categorized by disease stage. LHRH-R agonists and antagonists, particularly goserelin, have demonstrated long-term survival benefits in patients with localized and locally advanced prostate cancer. The clinical outcomes of different LHRH-R agonists and antagonists in combination with NHAs have also been evaluated. Among the various combinations, goserelin plus abiraterone appears to have a manageable safety profile with relatively low rates of hot flushes and fatigue. Overall, long-term survival data and safety profiles should be considered in selecting optimal combination therapies for prostate cancer treatment.https://www.cancerbiomed.org/content/21/11/1012luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone receptor agonistsluteinizing hormone-releasing hormone receptor antagonistsprostate cancerlong-term survivalnext-generation hormonal agents
spellingShingle Jinge Zhao
Junru Chen
Guangxi Sun
Pengfei Shen
Hao Zeng
Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone receptor agonists and antagonists in prostate cancer: effects on long-term survival and combined therapy with next-generation hormonal agents
Cancer Biology & Medicine
luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone receptor agonists
luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone receptor antagonists
prostate cancer
long-term survival
next-generation hormonal agents
title Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone receptor agonists and antagonists in prostate cancer: effects on long-term survival and combined therapy with next-generation hormonal agents
title_full Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone receptor agonists and antagonists in prostate cancer: effects on long-term survival and combined therapy with next-generation hormonal agents
title_fullStr Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone receptor agonists and antagonists in prostate cancer: effects on long-term survival and combined therapy with next-generation hormonal agents
title_full_unstemmed Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone receptor agonists and antagonists in prostate cancer: effects on long-term survival and combined therapy with next-generation hormonal agents
title_short Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone receptor agonists and antagonists in prostate cancer: effects on long-term survival and combined therapy with next-generation hormonal agents
title_sort luteinizing hormone releasing hormone receptor agonists and antagonists in prostate cancer effects on long term survival and combined therapy with next generation hormonal agents
topic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone receptor agonists
luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone receptor antagonists
prostate cancer
long-term survival
next-generation hormonal agents
url https://www.cancerbiomed.org/content/21/11/1012
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