Exploring Critical Eye-Tracking Metrics for Identifying Cognitive Strategies in Raven’s Advanced Progressive Matrices: A Data-Driven Perspective

The present study utilized a recursive feature elimination approach in conjunction with a random forest algorithm to assess the efficacy of various features in predicting cognitive strategy usage in Raven’s Advanced Progressive Matrices. In addition to item response accuracy (RA) and response time (...

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Main Authors: Yaohui Liu, Keren He, Kaiwen Man, Peida Zhan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-01-01
Series:Journal of Intelligence
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2079-3200/13/2/14
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author Yaohui Liu
Keren He
Kaiwen Man
Peida Zhan
author_facet Yaohui Liu
Keren He
Kaiwen Man
Peida Zhan
author_sort Yaohui Liu
collection DOAJ
description The present study utilized a recursive feature elimination approach in conjunction with a random forest algorithm to assess the efficacy of various features in predicting cognitive strategy usage in Raven’s Advanced Progressive Matrices. In addition to item response accuracy (RA) and response time (RT), five key eye-tracking metrics were examined: proportional time on matrix (PTM), latency to first toggle (LFT), rate of latency to first toggle (RLT), number of toggles (NOT), and rate of toggling (ROT). The results indicated that PTM, RLT, and LFT were the three most critical features, with PTM emerging as the most significant predictor of cognitive strategy usage, followed by RLT and LFT. Clustering analysis of these optimal features validated their utility in effectively distinguishing cognitive strategies. The study’s findings underscore the potential of specific eye-tracking metrics as objective indicators of cognitive processing while providing a data-driven method to identify strategies used in complex reasoning tasks.
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spelling doaj-art-eb28850f4cc64e20a1be1bf7fdb01d722025-08-20T03:12:22ZengMDPI AGJournal of Intelligence2079-32002025-01-011321410.3390/jintelligence13020014Exploring Critical Eye-Tracking Metrics for Identifying Cognitive Strategies in Raven’s Advanced Progressive Matrices: A Data-Driven PerspectiveYaohui Liu0Keren He1Kaiwen Man2Peida Zhan3School of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, ChinaMental Health Education and Development Center, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, ChinaEducational Studies in Psychology, Research Methodology, and Counseling, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USASchool of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, ChinaThe present study utilized a recursive feature elimination approach in conjunction with a random forest algorithm to assess the efficacy of various features in predicting cognitive strategy usage in Raven’s Advanced Progressive Matrices. In addition to item response accuracy (RA) and response time (RT), five key eye-tracking metrics were examined: proportional time on matrix (PTM), latency to first toggle (LFT), rate of latency to first toggle (RLT), number of toggles (NOT), and rate of toggling (ROT). The results indicated that PTM, RLT, and LFT were the three most critical features, with PTM emerging as the most significant predictor of cognitive strategy usage, followed by RLT and LFT. Clustering analysis of these optimal features validated their utility in effectively distinguishing cognitive strategies. The study’s findings underscore the potential of specific eye-tracking metrics as objective indicators of cognitive processing while providing a data-driven method to identify strategies used in complex reasoning tasks.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-3200/13/2/14cognitive strategyintelligencematrix reasoningeye movementrandom forest
spellingShingle Yaohui Liu
Keren He
Kaiwen Man
Peida Zhan
Exploring Critical Eye-Tracking Metrics for Identifying Cognitive Strategies in Raven’s Advanced Progressive Matrices: A Data-Driven Perspective
Journal of Intelligence
cognitive strategy
intelligence
matrix reasoning
eye movement
random forest
title Exploring Critical Eye-Tracking Metrics for Identifying Cognitive Strategies in Raven’s Advanced Progressive Matrices: A Data-Driven Perspective
title_full Exploring Critical Eye-Tracking Metrics for Identifying Cognitive Strategies in Raven’s Advanced Progressive Matrices: A Data-Driven Perspective
title_fullStr Exploring Critical Eye-Tracking Metrics for Identifying Cognitive Strategies in Raven’s Advanced Progressive Matrices: A Data-Driven Perspective
title_full_unstemmed Exploring Critical Eye-Tracking Metrics for Identifying Cognitive Strategies in Raven’s Advanced Progressive Matrices: A Data-Driven Perspective
title_short Exploring Critical Eye-Tracking Metrics for Identifying Cognitive Strategies in Raven’s Advanced Progressive Matrices: A Data-Driven Perspective
title_sort exploring critical eye tracking metrics for identifying cognitive strategies in raven s advanced progressive matrices a data driven perspective
topic cognitive strategy
intelligence
matrix reasoning
eye movement
random forest
url https://www.mdpi.com/2079-3200/13/2/14
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