To invest or not to invest the business Angel´s dilemma

Business Angels (BAs) are pivotal in early-stage funding for entrepreneurship. This study explores the factors influencing BA investment decisions. We propose a theoretical model based on signaling theory to assess the impact of signals about the quality of entrepreneurs and projects on investment a...

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Main Authors: Oscar Arroyo-Revilla, Cayetano Medina-Molina, Carlos Bellón Núñez-Mera, Noemí Pérez-Macías
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-05-01
Series:Journal of Innovation & Knowledge
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2444569X25000496
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author Oscar Arroyo-Revilla
Cayetano Medina-Molina
Carlos Bellón Núñez-Mera
Noemí Pérez-Macías
author_facet Oscar Arroyo-Revilla
Cayetano Medina-Molina
Carlos Bellón Núñez-Mera
Noemí Pérez-Macías
author_sort Oscar Arroyo-Revilla
collection DOAJ
description Business Angels (BAs) are pivotal in early-stage funding for entrepreneurship. This study explores the factors influencing BA investment decisions. We propose a theoretical model based on signaling theory to assess the impact of signals about the quality of entrepreneurs and projects on investment assessments and decisions. Using qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) on 88 survey responses from BAs in Spain, we identify the signal combinations influencing both preliminary evaluation and final investment decisions.Our findings highlight two key insights. First, both entrepreneurial and project-related factors are crucial in assessing opportunities and making investment decisions, with the entrepreneur's personal characteristics, particularly trust, being vital. Second, we examine the varying configurations of evaluation criteria used by BAs at different investment stages, revealing that selection criteria evolve from initial screening to the final decision, challenging the previously believed compensatory decision model.This article enhances the understanding of investment criteria asymmetry, providing valuable insights for the entrepreneurial ecosystem to close funding rounds effectively and revealing significant heterogeneity in BAs investment strategies, thus confirming the concept of equifinality.
format Article
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institution DOAJ
issn 2444-569X
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publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Journal of Innovation & Knowledge
spelling doaj-art-eafd0f0e08614b52be1345bc384a052c2025-08-20T02:48:19ZengElsevierJournal of Innovation & Knowledge2444-569X2025-05-0110310069910.1016/j.jik.2025.100699To invest or not to invest the business Angel´s dilemmaOscar Arroyo-Revilla0Cayetano Medina-Molina1Carlos Bellón Núñez-Mera2Noemí Pérez-Macías3Faculty of Economics and Business, Universidad Pontificia Comillas, Madrid, SpainBusiness Administration and Marketing Department, Centro Universitario San Isidoro, Sevilla, SpainFaculty of Economics and Business, Universidad Pontificia Comillas, Madrid, SpainFaculty of Economics and Business, Universidad Pontificia Comillas, Madrid, Spain; Corresponding author.Business Angels (BAs) are pivotal in early-stage funding for entrepreneurship. This study explores the factors influencing BA investment decisions. We propose a theoretical model based on signaling theory to assess the impact of signals about the quality of entrepreneurs and projects on investment assessments and decisions. Using qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) on 88 survey responses from BAs in Spain, we identify the signal combinations influencing both preliminary evaluation and final investment decisions.Our findings highlight two key insights. First, both entrepreneurial and project-related factors are crucial in assessing opportunities and making investment decisions, with the entrepreneur's personal characteristics, particularly trust, being vital. Second, we examine the varying configurations of evaluation criteria used by BAs at different investment stages, revealing that selection criteria evolve from initial screening to the final decision, challenging the previously believed compensatory decision model.This article enhances the understanding of investment criteria asymmetry, providing valuable insights for the entrepreneurial ecosystem to close funding rounds effectively and revealing significant heterogeneity in BAs investment strategies, thus confirming the concept of equifinality.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2444569X25000496G24M13O30C12
spellingShingle Oscar Arroyo-Revilla
Cayetano Medina-Molina
Carlos Bellón Núñez-Mera
Noemí Pérez-Macías
To invest or not to invest the business Angel´s dilemma
Journal of Innovation & Knowledge
G24
M13
O30
C12
title To invest or not to invest the business Angel´s dilemma
title_full To invest or not to invest the business Angel´s dilemma
title_fullStr To invest or not to invest the business Angel´s dilemma
title_full_unstemmed To invest or not to invest the business Angel´s dilemma
title_short To invest or not to invest the business Angel´s dilemma
title_sort to invest or not to invest the business angel´s dilemma
topic G24
M13
O30
C12
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2444569X25000496
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