The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of astaxanthin as an adjunctive therapy in community-acquired pneumonia: a randomized controlled trial

BackgroundCommunity-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Oxidative stress and excessive inflammation contribute significantly to disease progression and severity. Astaxanthin (ASX), a potent antioxidant an...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Fatma Makram Youssef, Hayam Ateyya, Amir Eskander Hanna Samy, Eman Mohamed Elmokadem
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-08-01
Series:Frontiers in Pharmacology
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2025.1621308/full
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