A bivalent mRNA vaccine against RSV infection in rodent models

Because of the higher conservation of RSV Fusion (F) protein than the glycoprotein (G) across RSV strains and serotypes, the majority of vaccine candidates targets to viral fusion protein (F) rather than glycoprotein to elicit a broader range of protective neutralizing antibodies from infection. In...

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Main Authors: Juan Liu, Hanqing Zhao, Wenhao Wang, Binbin Yang, Naifang Zhang, Yu Zhang, Jie Qian, Qiaofang Ma, Yankun Lu, Huafeng Han, Yongsheng Yang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-03-01
Series:Frontiers in Immunology
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1542592/full
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author Juan Liu
Hanqing Zhao
Wenhao Wang
Binbin Yang
Naifang Zhang
Yu Zhang
Jie Qian
Qiaofang Ma
Yankun Lu
Huafeng Han
Yongsheng Yang
author_facet Juan Liu
Hanqing Zhao
Wenhao Wang
Binbin Yang
Naifang Zhang
Yu Zhang
Jie Qian
Qiaofang Ma
Yankun Lu
Huafeng Han
Yongsheng Yang
author_sort Juan Liu
collection DOAJ
description Because of the higher conservation of RSV Fusion (F) protein than the glycoprotein (G) across RSV strains and serotypes, the majority of vaccine candidates targets to viral fusion protein (F) rather than glycoprotein to elicit a broader range of protective neutralizing antibodies from infection. In this study, we screened two chemically modified mRNA vaccines expressing RSV prefusion stabilized protein (preF) targeting RSV A2 and B subtypes. After immunization, the antigen-specific binding antibody, neutralizing antibody, and T cell-mediated immune response were evaluated. After challenge with live RSV A2 virus in cotton rats, the protection and safety of vaccine was further evaluated. The results showed that the mRNA vaccine candidates elicited robust antigen-specific binding antibody, neutralizing antibody responses and Th1-biased T-cell responses in both mice and cotton rats. Moreover, cotton rats vaccinated with mRNA vaccine, lung pathology and lung infectious viral loads were significantly reduced, and no vaccine enhanced respiratory disease (VERD) happened. These results collectively demonstrated that mRNA-based vaccine induced strong humoral and cellular immunity, provided outstanding protection against both RSV A2 and RSV B subtypes in rodent animals as well. Our data demonstrated that these mRNA vaccines should be further evaluated in clinical trials.
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publishDate 2025-03-01
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
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spelling doaj-art-eae96afc4c0d4ab9bbcfb928fe1f15542025-08-20T03:40:53ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242025-03-011610.3389/fimmu.2025.15425921542592A bivalent mRNA vaccine against RSV infection in rodent modelsJuan LiuHanqing ZhaoWenhao WangBinbin YangNaifang ZhangYu ZhangJie QianQiaofang MaYankun LuHuafeng HanYongsheng YangBecause of the higher conservation of RSV Fusion (F) protein than the glycoprotein (G) across RSV strains and serotypes, the majority of vaccine candidates targets to viral fusion protein (F) rather than glycoprotein to elicit a broader range of protective neutralizing antibodies from infection. In this study, we screened two chemically modified mRNA vaccines expressing RSV prefusion stabilized protein (preF) targeting RSV A2 and B subtypes. After immunization, the antigen-specific binding antibody, neutralizing antibody, and T cell-mediated immune response were evaluated. After challenge with live RSV A2 virus in cotton rats, the protection and safety of vaccine was further evaluated. The results showed that the mRNA vaccine candidates elicited robust antigen-specific binding antibody, neutralizing antibody responses and Th1-biased T-cell responses in both mice and cotton rats. Moreover, cotton rats vaccinated with mRNA vaccine, lung pathology and lung infectious viral loads were significantly reduced, and no vaccine enhanced respiratory disease (VERD) happened. These results collectively demonstrated that mRNA-based vaccine induced strong humoral and cellular immunity, provided outstanding protection against both RSV A2 and RSV B subtypes in rodent animals as well. Our data demonstrated that these mRNA vaccines should be further evaluated in clinical trials.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1542592/fullRSV prefusion proteinmRNA vaccinesneutralizing antibodyprotectionimmunity
spellingShingle Juan Liu
Hanqing Zhao
Wenhao Wang
Binbin Yang
Naifang Zhang
Yu Zhang
Jie Qian
Qiaofang Ma
Yankun Lu
Huafeng Han
Yongsheng Yang
A bivalent mRNA vaccine against RSV infection in rodent models
Frontiers in Immunology
RSV prefusion protein
mRNA vaccines
neutralizing antibody
protection
immunity
title A bivalent mRNA vaccine against RSV infection in rodent models
title_full A bivalent mRNA vaccine against RSV infection in rodent models
title_fullStr A bivalent mRNA vaccine against RSV infection in rodent models
title_full_unstemmed A bivalent mRNA vaccine against RSV infection in rodent models
title_short A bivalent mRNA vaccine against RSV infection in rodent models
title_sort bivalent mrna vaccine against rsv infection in rodent models
topic RSV prefusion protein
mRNA vaccines
neutralizing antibody
protection
immunity
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1542592/full
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