Embracing global biodiversity toward a better planet

Global biodiversity is the most essential component of the planet, and the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) has been unanimously adopted by 196 parties worldwide in 2022 to achieve the global vision of a world of living in harmony with nature by 2050. Of particular importance is...

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Main Authors: Haigen Xu, Richard D. Gregory, Yun Cao, Riquan Zhang, Lirong Zhang, Michael Gill, Dandan Yu, Jianfeng Yi, Wei Liu, Hongmei Lin
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-06-01
Series:Eco-Environment & Health
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S277298502500016X
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author Haigen Xu
Richard D. Gregory
Yun Cao
Riquan Zhang
Lirong Zhang
Michael Gill
Dandan Yu
Jianfeng Yi
Wei Liu
Hongmei Lin
author_facet Haigen Xu
Richard D. Gregory
Yun Cao
Riquan Zhang
Lirong Zhang
Michael Gill
Dandan Yu
Jianfeng Yi
Wei Liu
Hongmei Lin
author_sort Haigen Xu
collection DOAJ
description Global biodiversity is the most essential component of the planet, and the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) has been unanimously adopted by 196 parties worldwide in 2022 to achieve the global vision of a world of living in harmony with nature by 2050. Of particular importance is the timely update of the National Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plans (NBSAPs) and/or National Targets aligned with the GBF before the sixteenth meeting of the Conference of the Parties (COP16) to the Convention on Biological Diversity. Upon comprehensive evaluation of updated NBSAPs of 47 parties and updated national targets of 126 parties, we proposed pathways that could better inform the updating processes. First, the essential elements of the goals and targets of the GBF applicable to national circumstances should be equivalently translated into national policies and instruments. Second, when specific national circumstances do not match with those essential elements, parties need to determine their own national biodiversity targets based on their situation but in a way that maintains and reflects the ambition of the GBF. Furthermore, the key factors that promote the success of biodiversity conservation are highlighted in terms of the target alignment with the GBF, the ownership enhancement, and the capacity building. We anticipate that these measures could facilitate immediate actions to update the NBSAPs to align with the GBF at the highest level while remaining cost-effectiveness.
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spelling doaj-art-eab91ef64da7446aaf48c478ee3e1b6a2025-08-20T03:49:03ZengElsevierEco-Environment & Health2772-98502025-06-014210014710.1016/j.eehl.2025.100147Embracing global biodiversity toward a better planetHaigen Xu0Richard D. Gregory1Yun Cao2Riquan Zhang3Lirong Zhang4Michael Gill5Dandan Yu6Jianfeng Yi7Wei Liu8Hongmei Lin9Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Nanjing 210042, China; Corresponding author.RSPB Centre for Conservation Science, The Lodge, Sandy, Bedfordshire SG19 2DL, UK; Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UKNanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Nanjing 210042, ChinaSchool of Statistics and Information, Shanghai University of International Business and Economics, Shanghai 201620, ChinaChinese Academy of Environmental Planning, Beijing 100041, ChinaNatureServe, Arlington, VA 22202, USANanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Nanjing 210042, ChinaNanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Nanjing 210042, ChinaNanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Nanjing 210042, ChinaSchool of Statistics and Information, Shanghai University of International Business and Economics, Shanghai 201620, ChinaGlobal biodiversity is the most essential component of the planet, and the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) has been unanimously adopted by 196 parties worldwide in 2022 to achieve the global vision of a world of living in harmony with nature by 2050. Of particular importance is the timely update of the National Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plans (NBSAPs) and/or National Targets aligned with the GBF before the sixteenth meeting of the Conference of the Parties (COP16) to the Convention on Biological Diversity. Upon comprehensive evaluation of updated NBSAPs of 47 parties and updated national targets of 126 parties, we proposed pathways that could better inform the updating processes. First, the essential elements of the goals and targets of the GBF applicable to national circumstances should be equivalently translated into national policies and instruments. Second, when specific national circumstances do not match with those essential elements, parties need to determine their own national biodiversity targets based on their situation but in a way that maintains and reflects the ambition of the GBF. Furthermore, the key factors that promote the success of biodiversity conservation are highlighted in terms of the target alignment with the GBF, the ownership enhancement, and the capacity building. We anticipate that these measures could facilitate immediate actions to update the NBSAPs to align with the GBF at the highest level while remaining cost-effectiveness.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S277298502500016XBiodiversityKunming-Montreal global biodiversity frameworkNational biodiversity strategies and action plansNational targetsAlignment
spellingShingle Haigen Xu
Richard D. Gregory
Yun Cao
Riquan Zhang
Lirong Zhang
Michael Gill
Dandan Yu
Jianfeng Yi
Wei Liu
Hongmei Lin
Embracing global biodiversity toward a better planet
Eco-Environment & Health
Biodiversity
Kunming-Montreal global biodiversity framework
National biodiversity strategies and action plans
National targets
Alignment
title Embracing global biodiversity toward a better planet
title_full Embracing global biodiversity toward a better planet
title_fullStr Embracing global biodiversity toward a better planet
title_full_unstemmed Embracing global biodiversity toward a better planet
title_short Embracing global biodiversity toward a better planet
title_sort embracing global biodiversity toward a better planet
topic Biodiversity
Kunming-Montreal global biodiversity framework
National biodiversity strategies and action plans
National targets
Alignment
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S277298502500016X
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