Deconstruction of Alkali Lignin and Lignocellulosic Substrates by <i>Aspergillus ochraceus</i> DY1 Isolated from Rotten Wood

The present study reports the ability of a fungal isolate <i>Aspergillus ochraceus</i> DY1, obtained from rotten wood, to degrade alkali lignin (AL) and lignocelluloses in an efficient manner. The efficiency of degradation was monitored by measuring the percentage of decolorization and u...

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Main Authors: Namdol Nilza, Ram Prasad, Ajit Varma, Menaka Devi Salam
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-11-01
Series:Journal of Fungi
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/10/12/810
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author Namdol Nilza
Ram Prasad
Ajit Varma
Menaka Devi Salam
author_facet Namdol Nilza
Ram Prasad
Ajit Varma
Menaka Devi Salam
author_sort Namdol Nilza
collection DOAJ
description The present study reports the ability of a fungal isolate <i>Aspergillus ochraceus</i> DY1, obtained from rotten wood, to degrade alkali lignin (AL) and lignocelluloses in an efficient manner. The efficiency of degradation was monitored by measuring the percentage of decolorization and utilizing GC-MS for identifying degradation products at different time intervals (10, 20, 30, and 40 days). The optimal degradation of alkali lignin (AL) was achieved at 0.01% concentration, 25 °C, and pH 7, resulting in 63.64% degradation after 40 days of incubation. A GC-MS analysis revealed significant degradation products, including n-hexadecanoic acid, octadecane, butylated hydroxytoluene, 2,6,11-trimethyl-dodecane, dibutyl phthalate, oleic acid, 3,5-dimethoxy-phenol acetate, and 2-(phenylmethylene)- cyclohexanone. Structural changes in AL were confirmed through HSQC 2D NMR and size-exclusion chromatography, indicating depolymerization and reduced molecular weight. Furthermore, <i>A. ochraceus</i> DY1 demonstrated substantial biomass loss in corn stover (62.5%) and sugarcane bagasse (50%) after 7 days of solid-state fermentation. Surface morphological depletion was observed in the bio-treated corn stover through SEM and confocal microscopy, which was not seen in the untreated one. These findings underscore the potential of <i>A. ochraceus</i> DY1 for efficient lignin degradation, with promising applications in biofuel production, waste management in the paper and pulp industry, and the synthesis of value-added bioproducts.
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spelling doaj-art-eaae6694334b41eb9f05e545aab799842025-08-20T02:00:34ZengMDPI AGJournal of Fungi2309-608X2024-11-01101281010.3390/jof10120810Deconstruction of Alkali Lignin and Lignocellulosic Substrates by <i>Aspergillus ochraceus</i> DY1 Isolated from Rotten WoodNamdol Nilza0Ram Prasad1Ajit Varma2Menaka Devi Salam3Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201313, IndiaDepartment of Botany, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari 845401, IndiaAmity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201313, IndiaAmity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201313, IndiaThe present study reports the ability of a fungal isolate <i>Aspergillus ochraceus</i> DY1, obtained from rotten wood, to degrade alkali lignin (AL) and lignocelluloses in an efficient manner. The efficiency of degradation was monitored by measuring the percentage of decolorization and utilizing GC-MS for identifying degradation products at different time intervals (10, 20, 30, and 40 days). The optimal degradation of alkali lignin (AL) was achieved at 0.01% concentration, 25 °C, and pH 7, resulting in 63.64% degradation after 40 days of incubation. A GC-MS analysis revealed significant degradation products, including n-hexadecanoic acid, octadecane, butylated hydroxytoluene, 2,6,11-trimethyl-dodecane, dibutyl phthalate, oleic acid, 3,5-dimethoxy-phenol acetate, and 2-(phenylmethylene)- cyclohexanone. Structural changes in AL were confirmed through HSQC 2D NMR and size-exclusion chromatography, indicating depolymerization and reduced molecular weight. Furthermore, <i>A. ochraceus</i> DY1 demonstrated substantial biomass loss in corn stover (62.5%) and sugarcane bagasse (50%) after 7 days of solid-state fermentation. Surface morphological depletion was observed in the bio-treated corn stover through SEM and confocal microscopy, which was not seen in the untreated one. These findings underscore the potential of <i>A. ochraceus</i> DY1 for efficient lignin degradation, with promising applications in biofuel production, waste management in the paper and pulp industry, and the synthesis of value-added bioproducts.https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/10/12/810lignin degradation<i>Aspergillus ochraceus</i>rotten woodalkali ligninlignin valorization
spellingShingle Namdol Nilza
Ram Prasad
Ajit Varma
Menaka Devi Salam
Deconstruction of Alkali Lignin and Lignocellulosic Substrates by <i>Aspergillus ochraceus</i> DY1 Isolated from Rotten Wood
Journal of Fungi
lignin degradation
<i>Aspergillus ochraceus</i>
rotten wood
alkali lignin
lignin valorization
title Deconstruction of Alkali Lignin and Lignocellulosic Substrates by <i>Aspergillus ochraceus</i> DY1 Isolated from Rotten Wood
title_full Deconstruction of Alkali Lignin and Lignocellulosic Substrates by <i>Aspergillus ochraceus</i> DY1 Isolated from Rotten Wood
title_fullStr Deconstruction of Alkali Lignin and Lignocellulosic Substrates by <i>Aspergillus ochraceus</i> DY1 Isolated from Rotten Wood
title_full_unstemmed Deconstruction of Alkali Lignin and Lignocellulosic Substrates by <i>Aspergillus ochraceus</i> DY1 Isolated from Rotten Wood
title_short Deconstruction of Alkali Lignin and Lignocellulosic Substrates by <i>Aspergillus ochraceus</i> DY1 Isolated from Rotten Wood
title_sort deconstruction of alkali lignin and lignocellulosic substrates by i aspergillus ochraceus i dy1 isolated from rotten wood
topic lignin degradation
<i>Aspergillus ochraceus</i>
rotten wood
alkali lignin
lignin valorization
url https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/10/12/810
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AT ajitvarma deconstructionofalkaliligninandlignocellulosicsubstratesbyiaspergillusochraceusidy1isolatedfromrottenwood
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