Payload location for JPEG image steganography based on co-frequency sub-image filtering
In digital steganography, due to difficulties estimating the JPEG cover image, it is still very hard to accurately locate the hidden message embedded in a JPEG image. Therefore, this study proposes a payload location method for a category of pseudo-random scrambled JPEG image steganography. In order...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2020-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1177/1550147719899569 |
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| _version_ | 1849471329383743488 |
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| author | Jie Wang Chunfang Yang Ping Wang Xiaofeng Song Jicang Lu |
| author_facet | Jie Wang Chunfang Yang Ping Wang Xiaofeng Song Jicang Lu |
| author_sort | Jie Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In digital steganography, due to difficulties estimating the JPEG cover image, it is still very hard to accurately locate the hidden message embedded in a JPEG image. Therefore, this study proposes a payload location method for a category of pseudo-random scrambled JPEG image steganography. In order to estimate the quantized discrete cosine transform coefficients in the cover JPEG image, a cover JPEG image estimation method is proposed based on co-frequency sub-image filtering. The proposed payload location method defines a general residual, uses the estimated cover JPEG image to compute the residuals, and then employs the mean residuals of multiple stego images embedded along the same path to distinguish the stego positions. The proposed cover JPEG image estimation method constructs 64 co-frequency sub-images, and then filters the sub-image to estimate the cover JPEG image. Finally, using these methods, payload location algorithms are designed for two common JPEG image steganography algorithms: JSteg and F5. Experimental results show that the proposed location algorithms can effectively locate the stego positions in both JSteg and F5 steganography when the investigator possesses multiple stego images embedded along the same path. In addition, the location results can also be used to recover the steganography key to extract the embedded secret messages. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-eaaa4152a0784c9295c7178d14304805 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1550-1477 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks |
| spelling | doaj-art-eaaa4152a0784c9295c7178d143048052025-08-20T03:24:52ZengWileyInternational Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks1550-14772020-01-011610.1177/1550147719899569Payload location for JPEG image steganography based on co-frequency sub-image filteringJie Wang0Chunfang Yang1Ping Wang2Xiaofeng Song3Jicang Lu4Zhengzhou Science and Technology Institute, Zhengzhou, ChinaZhengzhou Science and Technology Institute, Zhengzhou, ChinaZhengzhou Science and Technology Institute, Zhengzhou, ChinaSchool of Information and Communication, National University of Defense Technology, Xi’an, ChinaZhengzhou Science and Technology Institute, Zhengzhou, ChinaIn digital steganography, due to difficulties estimating the JPEG cover image, it is still very hard to accurately locate the hidden message embedded in a JPEG image. Therefore, this study proposes a payload location method for a category of pseudo-random scrambled JPEG image steganography. In order to estimate the quantized discrete cosine transform coefficients in the cover JPEG image, a cover JPEG image estimation method is proposed based on co-frequency sub-image filtering. The proposed payload location method defines a general residual, uses the estimated cover JPEG image to compute the residuals, and then employs the mean residuals of multiple stego images embedded along the same path to distinguish the stego positions. The proposed cover JPEG image estimation method constructs 64 co-frequency sub-images, and then filters the sub-image to estimate the cover JPEG image. Finally, using these methods, payload location algorithms are designed for two common JPEG image steganography algorithms: JSteg and F5. Experimental results show that the proposed location algorithms can effectively locate the stego positions in both JSteg and F5 steganography when the investigator possesses multiple stego images embedded along the same path. In addition, the location results can also be used to recover the steganography key to extract the embedded secret messages.https://doi.org/10.1177/1550147719899569 |
| spellingShingle | Jie Wang Chunfang Yang Ping Wang Xiaofeng Song Jicang Lu Payload location for JPEG image steganography based on co-frequency sub-image filtering International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks |
| title | Payload location for JPEG image steganography based on co-frequency sub-image filtering |
| title_full | Payload location for JPEG image steganography based on co-frequency sub-image filtering |
| title_fullStr | Payload location for JPEG image steganography based on co-frequency sub-image filtering |
| title_full_unstemmed | Payload location for JPEG image steganography based on co-frequency sub-image filtering |
| title_short | Payload location for JPEG image steganography based on co-frequency sub-image filtering |
| title_sort | payload location for jpeg image steganography based on co frequency sub image filtering |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1177/1550147719899569 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jiewang payloadlocationforjpegimagesteganographybasedoncofrequencysubimagefiltering AT chunfangyang payloadlocationforjpegimagesteganographybasedoncofrequencysubimagefiltering AT pingwang payloadlocationforjpegimagesteganographybasedoncofrequencysubimagefiltering AT xiaofengsong payloadlocationforjpegimagesteganographybasedoncofrequencysubimagefiltering AT jicanglu payloadlocationforjpegimagesteganographybasedoncofrequencysubimagefiltering |