Efficient side lobe level reduction technique for planar antenna arrays
This paper presents a novel array synthesis technique based on the virtual antenna array (VAA) concept for side lobe level (SLL) reduction of uniform planar antenna arrays (UPAA). The VAA decomposes the (M×N) UPAA into vertical and horizontal uniform linear antenna arrays (V–ULAA and H–ULAA) consist...
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Elsevier
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Results in Engineering |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590123024015627 |
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| author | Shimaa M Amer Ahmed M. Elkhawaga Ashraf A.M. Khalaf Amr H. Hussein |
| author_facet | Shimaa M Amer Ahmed M. Elkhawaga Ashraf A.M. Khalaf Amr H. Hussein |
| author_sort | Shimaa M Amer |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper presents a novel array synthesis technique based on the virtual antenna array (VAA) concept for side lobe level (SLL) reduction of uniform planar antenna arrays (UPAA). The VAA decomposes the (M×N) UPAA into vertical and horizontal uniform linear antenna arrays (V–ULAA and H–ULAA) consisting of M and N antenna elements, respectively. The V-ULAA and H-ULAA are positioned perpendicularly and closely enough apart to form a new (M+N) virtual UPAA. Consequently, the number of antenna elements is significantly reduced, which in turn minimizes the computational complexity and signal processing time required to synthesize the desired radiation pattern. Therefore, instead of reducing the SLL of the entire UPAA, we simply reduce the SLL of each ULAA using the well-known hybrid Method of Moments/Genetic Algorithm (MoM/GA) array synthesis technique, which adjusts both the excitation coefficients and element spacings to achieve low SLL. The MoM/GA results in non-uniform V-LAA and H-LAA having two non-uniform excitation vectors AV and AH, respectively, and much lower SLLs than the corresponding V-ULAA and H-ULAA. Finally, the synthesized excitation vectors AV and AH are used to synthesize either the virtual (M+N) planar antenna array (V-PAA) or the physical (M×N)PAA with more than two-fold reductions in the SLL. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-eaa10296541541c6ba3a3d6270df9301 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2590-1230 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Results in Engineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-eaa10296541541c6ba3a3d6270df93012025-08-20T02:32:15ZengElsevierResults in Engineering2590-12302024-12-012410330810.1016/j.rineng.2024.103308Efficient side lobe level reduction technique for planar antenna arraysShimaa M Amer0Ahmed M. Elkhawaga1Ashraf A.M. Khalaf2Amr H. Hussein3Higher Institute of Engineering and Technology, Kafr ElsheikhElectronics and Electrical Communication Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University, Tanta 31512, Egypt; Corresponding author.Electronics and Communication Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, Minia 61519, EgyptElectronics and Electrical Communication Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University, Tanta 31512, EgyptThis paper presents a novel array synthesis technique based on the virtual antenna array (VAA) concept for side lobe level (SLL) reduction of uniform planar antenna arrays (UPAA). The VAA decomposes the (M×N) UPAA into vertical and horizontal uniform linear antenna arrays (V–ULAA and H–ULAA) consisting of M and N antenna elements, respectively. The V-ULAA and H-ULAA are positioned perpendicularly and closely enough apart to form a new (M+N) virtual UPAA. Consequently, the number of antenna elements is significantly reduced, which in turn minimizes the computational complexity and signal processing time required to synthesize the desired radiation pattern. Therefore, instead of reducing the SLL of the entire UPAA, we simply reduce the SLL of each ULAA using the well-known hybrid Method of Moments/Genetic Algorithm (MoM/GA) array synthesis technique, which adjusts both the excitation coefficients and element spacings to achieve low SLL. The MoM/GA results in non-uniform V-LAA and H-LAA having two non-uniform excitation vectors AV and AH, respectively, and much lower SLLs than the corresponding V-ULAA and H-ULAA. Finally, the synthesized excitation vectors AV and AH are used to synthesize either the virtual (M+N) planar antenna array (V-PAA) or the physical (M×N)PAA with more than two-fold reductions in the SLL.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590123024015627Array beamformingLinear antenna array (LAA)Side lobe level (SLL)Uniform planar antenna array (UPAA)Virtual antenna array (VAA) |
| spellingShingle | Shimaa M Amer Ahmed M. Elkhawaga Ashraf A.M. Khalaf Amr H. Hussein Efficient side lobe level reduction technique for planar antenna arrays Results in Engineering Array beamforming Linear antenna array (LAA) Side lobe level (SLL) Uniform planar antenna array (UPAA) Virtual antenna array (VAA) |
| title | Efficient side lobe level reduction technique for planar antenna arrays |
| title_full | Efficient side lobe level reduction technique for planar antenna arrays |
| title_fullStr | Efficient side lobe level reduction technique for planar antenna arrays |
| title_full_unstemmed | Efficient side lobe level reduction technique for planar antenna arrays |
| title_short | Efficient side lobe level reduction technique for planar antenna arrays |
| title_sort | efficient side lobe level reduction technique for planar antenna arrays |
| topic | Array beamforming Linear antenna array (LAA) Side lobe level (SLL) Uniform planar antenna array (UPAA) Virtual antenna array (VAA) |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590123024015627 |
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