Bioactive Metabolites from the Dusty Seeds of <i>Gastrodia elata</i> Bl., Based on Metabolomics and UPLC-Q-TOF-MS Combined with Molecular Network Strategy
Orchids produce tiny, light seeds (dust-like seeds without endosperm) that rely on specific symbiotic fungi for successful germination. Plant roots often release small signaling molecules or bioactive compounds to attract arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, promoting fungal growth and hyphal branchin...
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2025-03-01
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| author | Yanduo Wang Liwen Zhong Huiqi Fang Zhao Liu Peng Wang Longfei Li Lin Chen Gang Ding |
| author_facet | Yanduo Wang Liwen Zhong Huiqi Fang Zhao Liu Peng Wang Longfei Li Lin Chen Gang Ding |
| author_sort | Yanduo Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Orchids produce tiny, light seeds (dust-like seeds without endosperm) that rely on specific symbiotic fungi for successful germination. Plant roots often release small signaling molecules or bioactive compounds to attract arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, promoting fungal growth and hyphal branching. However, until now, no such bioactive or signaling molecules have been identified in orchids that help recruit fungi for seed germination. In this study, we used metabolomics and UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS, combined with a molecular network approach, to explore potential bioactive/signaling molecules in the seeds of the achlorophyllous orchid <i>Gastrodia elata</i> Bl. Our analysis revealed the presence of amino acids, nucleotides, lipids, organic acids, saccharides, phospholipids, and lignanamides. Specifically, organic acids, saccharides, and lignanamides were shown to promote the growth of <i>Mycena osmundicola</i>, a fungus important for seed germination. Additionally, lignanamides inhibited the plant pathogen <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> and exhibited strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. This is the first systematic identification of bioactive/signaling molecules in <i>G. elata</i> Bl. seeds, providing new insights into the symbiotic relationship between orchids and fungi. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ea56baa7a3124a4f911fcd3bafd148bb |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj-art-ea56baa7a3124a4f911fcd3bafd148bb2025-08-20T01:48:45ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472025-03-0114691610.3390/plants14060916Bioactive Metabolites from the Dusty Seeds of <i>Gastrodia elata</i> Bl., Based on Metabolomics and UPLC-Q-TOF-MS Combined with Molecular Network StrategyYanduo Wang0Liwen Zhong1Huiqi Fang2Zhao Liu3Peng Wang4Longfei Li5Lin Chen6Gang Ding7State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, ChinaComprehensive Utilization of Edible and Medicinal Plant Resources Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology of Natural Products, Huanghe Science and Technology College, Zhengzhou 450006, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, ChinaOrchids produce tiny, light seeds (dust-like seeds without endosperm) that rely on specific symbiotic fungi for successful germination. Plant roots often release small signaling molecules or bioactive compounds to attract arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, promoting fungal growth and hyphal branching. However, until now, no such bioactive or signaling molecules have been identified in orchids that help recruit fungi for seed germination. In this study, we used metabolomics and UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS, combined with a molecular network approach, to explore potential bioactive/signaling molecules in the seeds of the achlorophyllous orchid <i>Gastrodia elata</i> Bl. Our analysis revealed the presence of amino acids, nucleotides, lipids, organic acids, saccharides, phospholipids, and lignanamides. Specifically, organic acids, saccharides, and lignanamides were shown to promote the growth of <i>Mycena osmundicola</i>, a fungus important for seed germination. Additionally, lignanamides inhibited the plant pathogen <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> and exhibited strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. This is the first systematic identification of bioactive/signaling molecules in <i>G. elata</i> Bl. seeds, providing new insights into the symbiotic relationship between orchids and fungi.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/6/916orchid seeds<i>Gastrodia elata</i> Bl.bioactive/signal metabolitesmetabolomicsUPLC-Q-TOF-MSgrowth promotion |
| spellingShingle | Yanduo Wang Liwen Zhong Huiqi Fang Zhao Liu Peng Wang Longfei Li Lin Chen Gang Ding Bioactive Metabolites from the Dusty Seeds of <i>Gastrodia elata</i> Bl., Based on Metabolomics and UPLC-Q-TOF-MS Combined with Molecular Network Strategy Plants orchid seeds <i>Gastrodia elata</i> Bl. bioactive/signal metabolites metabolomics UPLC-Q-TOF-MS growth promotion |
| title | Bioactive Metabolites from the Dusty Seeds of <i>Gastrodia elata</i> Bl., Based on Metabolomics and UPLC-Q-TOF-MS Combined with Molecular Network Strategy |
| title_full | Bioactive Metabolites from the Dusty Seeds of <i>Gastrodia elata</i> Bl., Based on Metabolomics and UPLC-Q-TOF-MS Combined with Molecular Network Strategy |
| title_fullStr | Bioactive Metabolites from the Dusty Seeds of <i>Gastrodia elata</i> Bl., Based on Metabolomics and UPLC-Q-TOF-MS Combined with Molecular Network Strategy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bioactive Metabolites from the Dusty Seeds of <i>Gastrodia elata</i> Bl., Based on Metabolomics and UPLC-Q-TOF-MS Combined with Molecular Network Strategy |
| title_short | Bioactive Metabolites from the Dusty Seeds of <i>Gastrodia elata</i> Bl., Based on Metabolomics and UPLC-Q-TOF-MS Combined with Molecular Network Strategy |
| title_sort | bioactive metabolites from the dusty seeds of i gastrodia elata i bl based on metabolomics and uplc q tof ms combined with molecular network strategy |
| topic | orchid seeds <i>Gastrodia elata</i> Bl. bioactive/signal metabolites metabolomics UPLC-Q-TOF-MS growth promotion |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/6/916 |
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