Bioactive Metabolites from the Dusty Seeds of <i>Gastrodia elata</i> Bl., Based on Metabolomics and UPLC-Q-TOF-MS Combined with Molecular Network Strategy

Orchids produce tiny, light seeds (dust-like seeds without endosperm) that rely on specific symbiotic fungi for successful germination. Plant roots often release small signaling molecules or bioactive compounds to attract arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, promoting fungal growth and hyphal branchin...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yanduo Wang, Liwen Zhong, Huiqi Fang, Zhao Liu, Peng Wang, Longfei Li, Lin Chen, Gang Ding
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-03-01
Series:Plants
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/6/916
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850280468259274752
author Yanduo Wang
Liwen Zhong
Huiqi Fang
Zhao Liu
Peng Wang
Longfei Li
Lin Chen
Gang Ding
author_facet Yanduo Wang
Liwen Zhong
Huiqi Fang
Zhao Liu
Peng Wang
Longfei Li
Lin Chen
Gang Ding
author_sort Yanduo Wang
collection DOAJ
description Orchids produce tiny, light seeds (dust-like seeds without endosperm) that rely on specific symbiotic fungi for successful germination. Plant roots often release small signaling molecules or bioactive compounds to attract arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, promoting fungal growth and hyphal branching. However, until now, no such bioactive or signaling molecules have been identified in orchids that help recruit fungi for seed germination. In this study, we used metabolomics and UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS, combined with a molecular network approach, to explore potential bioactive/signaling molecules in the seeds of the achlorophyllous orchid <i>Gastrodia elata</i> Bl. Our analysis revealed the presence of amino acids, nucleotides, lipids, organic acids, saccharides, phospholipids, and lignanamides. Specifically, organic acids, saccharides, and lignanamides were shown to promote the growth of <i>Mycena osmundicola</i>, a fungus important for seed germination. Additionally, lignanamides inhibited the plant pathogen <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> and exhibited strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. This is the first systematic identification of bioactive/signaling molecules in <i>G. elata</i> Bl. seeds, providing new insights into the symbiotic relationship between orchids and fungi.
format Article
id doaj-art-ea56baa7a3124a4f911fcd3bafd148bb
institution OA Journals
issn 2223-7747
language English
publishDate 2025-03-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Plants
spelling doaj-art-ea56baa7a3124a4f911fcd3bafd148bb2025-08-20T01:48:45ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472025-03-0114691610.3390/plants14060916Bioactive Metabolites from the Dusty Seeds of <i>Gastrodia elata</i> Bl., Based on Metabolomics and UPLC-Q-TOF-MS Combined with Molecular Network StrategyYanduo Wang0Liwen Zhong1Huiqi Fang2Zhao Liu3Peng Wang4Longfei Li5Lin Chen6Gang Ding7State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, ChinaComprehensive Utilization of Edible and Medicinal Plant Resources Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology of Natural Products, Huanghe Science and Technology College, Zhengzhou 450006, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, ChinaOrchids produce tiny, light seeds (dust-like seeds without endosperm) that rely on specific symbiotic fungi for successful germination. Plant roots often release small signaling molecules or bioactive compounds to attract arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, promoting fungal growth and hyphal branching. However, until now, no such bioactive or signaling molecules have been identified in orchids that help recruit fungi for seed germination. In this study, we used metabolomics and UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS, combined with a molecular network approach, to explore potential bioactive/signaling molecules in the seeds of the achlorophyllous orchid <i>Gastrodia elata</i> Bl. Our analysis revealed the presence of amino acids, nucleotides, lipids, organic acids, saccharides, phospholipids, and lignanamides. Specifically, organic acids, saccharides, and lignanamides were shown to promote the growth of <i>Mycena osmundicola</i>, a fungus important for seed germination. Additionally, lignanamides inhibited the plant pathogen <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> and exhibited strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. This is the first systematic identification of bioactive/signaling molecules in <i>G. elata</i> Bl. seeds, providing new insights into the symbiotic relationship between orchids and fungi.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/6/916orchid seeds<i>Gastrodia elata</i> Bl.bioactive/signal metabolitesmetabolomicsUPLC-Q-TOF-MSgrowth promotion
spellingShingle Yanduo Wang
Liwen Zhong
Huiqi Fang
Zhao Liu
Peng Wang
Longfei Li
Lin Chen
Gang Ding
Bioactive Metabolites from the Dusty Seeds of <i>Gastrodia elata</i> Bl., Based on Metabolomics and UPLC-Q-TOF-MS Combined with Molecular Network Strategy
Plants
orchid seeds
<i>Gastrodia elata</i> Bl.
bioactive/signal metabolites
metabolomics
UPLC-Q-TOF-MS
growth promotion
title Bioactive Metabolites from the Dusty Seeds of <i>Gastrodia elata</i> Bl., Based on Metabolomics and UPLC-Q-TOF-MS Combined with Molecular Network Strategy
title_full Bioactive Metabolites from the Dusty Seeds of <i>Gastrodia elata</i> Bl., Based on Metabolomics and UPLC-Q-TOF-MS Combined with Molecular Network Strategy
title_fullStr Bioactive Metabolites from the Dusty Seeds of <i>Gastrodia elata</i> Bl., Based on Metabolomics and UPLC-Q-TOF-MS Combined with Molecular Network Strategy
title_full_unstemmed Bioactive Metabolites from the Dusty Seeds of <i>Gastrodia elata</i> Bl., Based on Metabolomics and UPLC-Q-TOF-MS Combined with Molecular Network Strategy
title_short Bioactive Metabolites from the Dusty Seeds of <i>Gastrodia elata</i> Bl., Based on Metabolomics and UPLC-Q-TOF-MS Combined with Molecular Network Strategy
title_sort bioactive metabolites from the dusty seeds of i gastrodia elata i bl based on metabolomics and uplc q tof ms combined with molecular network strategy
topic orchid seeds
<i>Gastrodia elata</i> Bl.
bioactive/signal metabolites
metabolomics
UPLC-Q-TOF-MS
growth promotion
url https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/6/916
work_keys_str_mv AT yanduowang bioactivemetabolitesfromthedustyseedsofigastrodiaelataiblbasedonmetabolomicsanduplcqtofmscombinedwithmolecularnetworkstrategy
AT liwenzhong bioactivemetabolitesfromthedustyseedsofigastrodiaelataiblbasedonmetabolomicsanduplcqtofmscombinedwithmolecularnetworkstrategy
AT huiqifang bioactivemetabolitesfromthedustyseedsofigastrodiaelataiblbasedonmetabolomicsanduplcqtofmscombinedwithmolecularnetworkstrategy
AT zhaoliu bioactivemetabolitesfromthedustyseedsofigastrodiaelataiblbasedonmetabolomicsanduplcqtofmscombinedwithmolecularnetworkstrategy
AT pengwang bioactivemetabolitesfromthedustyseedsofigastrodiaelataiblbasedonmetabolomicsanduplcqtofmscombinedwithmolecularnetworkstrategy
AT longfeili bioactivemetabolitesfromthedustyseedsofigastrodiaelataiblbasedonmetabolomicsanduplcqtofmscombinedwithmolecularnetworkstrategy
AT linchen bioactivemetabolitesfromthedustyseedsofigastrodiaelataiblbasedonmetabolomicsanduplcqtofmscombinedwithmolecularnetworkstrategy
AT gangding bioactivemetabolitesfromthedustyseedsofigastrodiaelataiblbasedonmetabolomicsanduplcqtofmscombinedwithmolecularnetworkstrategy