Exploring the exoproteome of the parasitic nematode Anisakis simplex (s. s.) and its impact on the human host – an in vitro cross-talk proteomic approach
IntroductionAnisakis simplex sensu stricto (s. s.) is one of the most widespread parasitic nematodes of marine organisms, with humans as accidental hosts. While many studies have explored nematode biology and host interactions, the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) as signaling molecules in paras...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1509984/full |
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| author | Robert Stryiński Robert Stryiński Ewa Fiedorowicz Jesús Mateos Aneta Andronowska Elżbieta Łopieńska-Biernat Mónica Carrera |
| author_facet | Robert Stryiński Robert Stryiński Ewa Fiedorowicz Jesús Mateos Aneta Andronowska Elżbieta Łopieńska-Biernat Mónica Carrera |
| author_sort | Robert Stryiński |
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| description | IntroductionAnisakis simplex sensu stricto (s. s.) is one of the most widespread parasitic nematodes of marine organisms, with humans as accidental hosts. While many studies have explored nematode biology and host interactions, the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) as signaling molecules in parasitic nematodes is less understood.Materials and methodsTherefore, the proteins present in the EVs of A. simplex (s. s.) (Anis-EVs) were identified. In addition, a cross-talk proteomic approach was used to identify differentially regulated proteins (DRPs) in the proteome of the human intestinal epithelial cell line (Caco-2) co-cultured with L3 larvae of A. simplex (s. s.) or directly exposed to two concentrations (low or high) of Anis-EVs. In addition, DRPs were identified in the proteome of A. simplex (s. s.) larvae affected by co-culture with Caco-2. To achieve this goal, the shotgun proteomics method based on isobaric mass labeling (via tandem mass tags; TMT) was used with a combination of nano high-performance liquid chromatography (nLC) coupled with an LTQ-Orbitrap Elite mass spectrometer. In addition, ELISA assays were used to demonstrate if Caco-2 respond to A. simplex (s. s.) larvae and Anis-EVs with significant changes in selected cytokines secretion.ResultsThe results of this study indicate the anti-inflammatory character of Anis-EVs in relation to Caco-2. At the same time, direct treatment with Anis-EVs resulted in more significant changes in the Caco-2 proteome than co-culture with L3 larvae.DiscussionThe results obtained should lead to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of A. simplex (s. s.) infection in humans and will complement the existing knowledge on the role of EVs in host-parasite communication. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e9f57c2f64e646c989951f7dab578167 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj-art-e9f57c2f64e646c989951f7dab5781672025-02-03T06:33:23ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242025-02-011610.3389/fimmu.2025.15099841509984Exploring the exoproteome of the parasitic nematode Anisakis simplex (s. s.) and its impact on the human host – an in vitro cross-talk proteomic approachRobert Stryiński0Robert Stryiński1Ewa Fiedorowicz2Jesús Mateos3Aneta Andronowska4Elżbieta Łopieńska-Biernat5Mónica Carrera6Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, PolandDepartment of Food Technology, Institute of Marine Research, Spanish National Research Council, Vigo, SpainDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, PolandClinical Pharmacology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (FIDIS), Santiago de Compostela, SpainDepartment of Hormonal Action Mechanisms, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, PolandDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, PolandDepartment of Food Technology, Institute of Marine Research, Spanish National Research Council, Vigo, SpainIntroductionAnisakis simplex sensu stricto (s. s.) is one of the most widespread parasitic nematodes of marine organisms, with humans as accidental hosts. While many studies have explored nematode biology and host interactions, the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) as signaling molecules in parasitic nematodes is less understood.Materials and methodsTherefore, the proteins present in the EVs of A. simplex (s. s.) (Anis-EVs) were identified. In addition, a cross-talk proteomic approach was used to identify differentially regulated proteins (DRPs) in the proteome of the human intestinal epithelial cell line (Caco-2) co-cultured with L3 larvae of A. simplex (s. s.) or directly exposed to two concentrations (low or high) of Anis-EVs. In addition, DRPs were identified in the proteome of A. simplex (s. s.) larvae affected by co-culture with Caco-2. To achieve this goal, the shotgun proteomics method based on isobaric mass labeling (via tandem mass tags; TMT) was used with a combination of nano high-performance liquid chromatography (nLC) coupled with an LTQ-Orbitrap Elite mass spectrometer. In addition, ELISA assays were used to demonstrate if Caco-2 respond to A. simplex (s. s.) larvae and Anis-EVs with significant changes in selected cytokines secretion.ResultsThe results of this study indicate the anti-inflammatory character of Anis-EVs in relation to Caco-2. At the same time, direct treatment with Anis-EVs resulted in more significant changes in the Caco-2 proteome than co-culture with L3 larvae.DiscussionThe results obtained should lead to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of A. simplex (s. s.) infection in humans and will complement the existing knowledge on the role of EVs in host-parasite communication.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1509984/fullAnisakis simplexCaco-2 cell lineextracellular vesiclesparasite-host interactionsproteomics |
| spellingShingle | Robert Stryiński Robert Stryiński Ewa Fiedorowicz Jesús Mateos Aneta Andronowska Elżbieta Łopieńska-Biernat Mónica Carrera Exploring the exoproteome of the parasitic nematode Anisakis simplex (s. s.) and its impact on the human host – an in vitro cross-talk proteomic approach Frontiers in Immunology Anisakis simplex Caco-2 cell line extracellular vesicles parasite-host interactions proteomics |
| title | Exploring the exoproteome of the parasitic nematode Anisakis simplex (s. s.) and its impact on the human host – an in vitro cross-talk proteomic approach |
| title_full | Exploring the exoproteome of the parasitic nematode Anisakis simplex (s. s.) and its impact on the human host – an in vitro cross-talk proteomic approach |
| title_fullStr | Exploring the exoproteome of the parasitic nematode Anisakis simplex (s. s.) and its impact on the human host – an in vitro cross-talk proteomic approach |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exploring the exoproteome of the parasitic nematode Anisakis simplex (s. s.) and its impact on the human host – an in vitro cross-talk proteomic approach |
| title_short | Exploring the exoproteome of the parasitic nematode Anisakis simplex (s. s.) and its impact on the human host – an in vitro cross-talk proteomic approach |
| title_sort | exploring the exoproteome of the parasitic nematode anisakis simplex s s and its impact on the human host an in vitro cross talk proteomic approach |
| topic | Anisakis simplex Caco-2 cell line extracellular vesicles parasite-host interactions proteomics |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1509984/full |
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