Extracellular Vesicles: Evolving Factors in Stem Cell Biology
Stem cells are proposed to continuously secrete trophic factors that potentially serve as mediators of autocrine and paracrine activities, associated with reprogramming of the tumor microenvironment, tissue regeneration, and repair. Hitherto, significant efforts have been made to understand the leve...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2016-01-01
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| Series: | Stem Cells International |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1073140 |
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| author | Muhammad Nawaz Farah Fatima Krishna C. Vallabhaneni Patrice Penfornis Hadi Valadi Karin Ekström Sharad Kholia Jason D. Whitt Joseph D. Fernandes Radhika Pochampally Jeremy A. Squire Giovanni Camussi |
| author_facet | Muhammad Nawaz Farah Fatima Krishna C. Vallabhaneni Patrice Penfornis Hadi Valadi Karin Ekström Sharad Kholia Jason D. Whitt Joseph D. Fernandes Radhika Pochampally Jeremy A. Squire Giovanni Camussi |
| author_sort | Muhammad Nawaz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Stem cells are proposed to continuously secrete trophic factors that potentially serve as mediators of autocrine and paracrine activities, associated with reprogramming of the tumor microenvironment, tissue regeneration, and repair. Hitherto, significant efforts have been made to understand the level of underlying paracrine activities influenced by stem cell secreted trophic factors, as little is known about these interactions. Recent findings, however, elucidate this role by reporting the effects of stem cell derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) that mimic the phenotypes of the cells from which they originate. Exchange of genetic information utilizing persistent bidirectional communication mediated by stem cell-EVs could regulate stemness, self-renewal, and differentiation in stem cells and their subpopulations. This review therefore discusses stem cell-EVs as evolving communication factors in stem cell biology, focusing on how they regulate cell fates by inducing persistent and prolonged genetic reprogramming of resident cells in a paracrine fashion. In addition, we address the role of stem cell-secreted vesicles in shaping the tumor microenvironment and immunomodulation and in their ability to stimulate endogenous repair processes during tissue damage. Collectively, these functions ensure an enormous potential for future therapies. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e9e2017e3fdc426f87507d8aaab4a3e6 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1687-966X 1687-9678 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2016-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Stem Cells International |
| spelling | doaj-art-e9e2017e3fdc426f87507d8aaab4a3e62025-08-20T02:21:53ZengWileyStem Cells International1687-966X1687-96782016-01-01201610.1155/2016/10731401073140Extracellular Vesicles: Evolving Factors in Stem Cell BiologyMuhammad Nawaz0Farah Fatima1Krishna C. Vallabhaneni2Patrice Penfornis3Hadi Valadi4Karin Ekström5Sharad Kholia6Jason D. Whitt7Joseph D. Fernandes8Radhika Pochampally9Jeremy A. Squire10Giovanni Camussi11Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Avenue Bandeirantes, 3900 Ribeirao Preto, SP, BrazilDepartment of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Avenue Bandeirantes, 3900 Ribeirao Preto, SP, BrazilCancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USACancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USADepartment of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, University of Gothenburg, Box 480, 405 30 Gothenburg, SwedenBIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, 40530 Gothenburg, SwedenCellular and Molecular Immunology Research Centre, School of Human Sciences, London Metropolitan University, London 166-220, UKCancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USACancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USACancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USADepartment of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Avenue Bandeirantes, 3900 Ribeirao Preto, SP, BrazilDepartment of Medical Sciences and Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126 Torino, ItalyStem cells are proposed to continuously secrete trophic factors that potentially serve as mediators of autocrine and paracrine activities, associated with reprogramming of the tumor microenvironment, tissue regeneration, and repair. Hitherto, significant efforts have been made to understand the level of underlying paracrine activities influenced by stem cell secreted trophic factors, as little is known about these interactions. Recent findings, however, elucidate this role by reporting the effects of stem cell derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) that mimic the phenotypes of the cells from which they originate. Exchange of genetic information utilizing persistent bidirectional communication mediated by stem cell-EVs could regulate stemness, self-renewal, and differentiation in stem cells and their subpopulations. This review therefore discusses stem cell-EVs as evolving communication factors in stem cell biology, focusing on how they regulate cell fates by inducing persistent and prolonged genetic reprogramming of resident cells in a paracrine fashion. In addition, we address the role of stem cell-secreted vesicles in shaping the tumor microenvironment and immunomodulation and in their ability to stimulate endogenous repair processes during tissue damage. Collectively, these functions ensure an enormous potential for future therapies.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1073140 |
| spellingShingle | Muhammad Nawaz Farah Fatima Krishna C. Vallabhaneni Patrice Penfornis Hadi Valadi Karin Ekström Sharad Kholia Jason D. Whitt Joseph D. Fernandes Radhika Pochampally Jeremy A. Squire Giovanni Camussi Extracellular Vesicles: Evolving Factors in Stem Cell Biology Stem Cells International |
| title | Extracellular Vesicles: Evolving Factors in Stem Cell Biology |
| title_full | Extracellular Vesicles: Evolving Factors in Stem Cell Biology |
| title_fullStr | Extracellular Vesicles: Evolving Factors in Stem Cell Biology |
| title_full_unstemmed | Extracellular Vesicles: Evolving Factors in Stem Cell Biology |
| title_short | Extracellular Vesicles: Evolving Factors in Stem Cell Biology |
| title_sort | extracellular vesicles evolving factors in stem cell biology |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1073140 |
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