Generational shifts in atopic disease among immigrant families to North America from Southern India

Background: The Indian diaspora is a fast-growing population in North America, but there are limited data on the prevalence of atopic diseases after migration. Objective: We investigated the impact of migration on atopic disease prevalence among physician families who migrated from Kerala, Southern...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Sangeetha M. Kodoth, MD, Priyanka Dadha, PhD, Shruti Sehgal, MD(Hom), MS, Christopher Warren, PhD, Sai R. Nimmagadda, MD, Lucy A. Bilaver, PhD, Ruchi S. Gupta, MD, MPH
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-08-01
Series:Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: Global
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772829325000736
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849343684686905344
author Sangeetha M. Kodoth, MD
Priyanka Dadha, PhD
Shruti Sehgal, MD(Hom), MS
Christopher Warren, PhD
Sai R. Nimmagadda, MD
Lucy A. Bilaver, PhD
Ruchi S. Gupta, MD, MPH
author_facet Sangeetha M. Kodoth, MD
Priyanka Dadha, PhD
Shruti Sehgal, MD(Hom), MS
Christopher Warren, PhD
Sai R. Nimmagadda, MD
Lucy A. Bilaver, PhD
Ruchi S. Gupta, MD, MPH
author_sort Sangeetha M. Kodoth, MD
collection DOAJ
description Background: The Indian diaspora is a fast-growing population in North America, but there are limited data on the prevalence of atopic diseases after migration. Objective: We investigated the impact of migration on atopic disease prevalence among physician families who migrated from Kerala, Southern India, to North America. Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire was administered to collect demographic information, migration, and atopic history—including allergic rhinitis (AR), food allergy (FA), asthma, and atopic dermatitis (AD)—of physician migrants from Kerala, Southern India, and their families. Results: Of the 164 completed surveys, 148 were included in the final analyses. Postmigration prevalence of AR and FA were significantly higher than premigration prevalence (AR-pre 12.8% [95% confidence interval (CI), 8.1-19.6] vs AR-post 21.6% [95% CI, 15.5-29.3] [P = .048], and FA-pre 2.7% [95% CI, 0.9-7.2] vs FA-post 9.5% [95% CI, 5.5-15.7] [P = .022]). Cow’s milk (4.1%) was the common food trigger reported, followed by fruits (2.0%) and shellfish (2.0%). In 137 respondent families with children, North America–born compared to migrant children had a higher prevalence of asthma (18.6% [95% CI, 13.4-25.1] vs 8.6% [95% CI, 4.1-16.7] [P = .033]), AR (36.1% [95% CI, 29.2-43.5] vs 19.4% [95% CI, 12.2-29.1] [P = .005]), and FA (17.5% [95% CI, 12.4-23.9] vs 5.4% [95% CI 2.0-12.7] [P = .008]). Conclusion: Respondents exhibited increased prevalence of AR and FA after migration. North America–born children showed elevated risk for asthma, AR, and FA compared to respondents and children who migrated after birth. Research into lost protective factors and new risk factors, including environmental and dietary changes, is needed to decrease the impact on future generations.
format Article
id doaj-art-e9c65ba09d5d4ba4bc9af456b7774dbf
institution Kabale University
issn 2772-8293
language English
publishDate 2025-08-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: Global
spelling doaj-art-e9c65ba09d5d4ba4bc9af456b7774dbf2025-08-20T03:42:53ZengElsevierJournal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: Global2772-82932025-08-014310047210.1016/j.jacig.2025.100472Generational shifts in atopic disease among immigrant families to North America from Southern IndiaSangeetha M. Kodoth, MD0Priyanka Dadha, PhD1Shruti Sehgal, MD(Hom), MS2Christopher Warren, PhD3Sai R. Nimmagadda, MD4Lucy A. Bilaver, PhD5Ruchi S. Gupta, MD, MPH6Allergy Specialists of Knoxville, Knoxville, TennCenter for Food Allergy and Asthma Research, Institute for Public Health and Medicine, Chicago, IllCenter for Food Allergy and Asthma Research, Institute for Public Health and Medicine, Chicago, IllCenter for Food Allergy and Asthma Research, Institute for Public Health and Medicine, Chicago, Ill; Department of Preventive Medicine, Chicago, IllCenter for Food Allergy and Asthma Research, Institute for Public Health and Medicine, Chicago, Ill; Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill; Division of Allergy and Immunology, Chicago, IllCenter for Food Allergy and Asthma Research, Institute for Public Health and Medicine, Chicago, Ill; Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IllCenter for Food Allergy and Asthma Research, Institute for Public Health and Medicine, Chicago, Ill; Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill; The Mary Ann & J. Milburn Smith Child Health Outcomes, Research and Evaluation Center, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital, Chicago, Ill; Corresponding author: Ruchi S. Gupta, MD, MPH, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 750 N Lake Shore Dr, Ste 680, Chicago, IL 60611.Background: The Indian diaspora is a fast-growing population in North America, but there are limited data on the prevalence of atopic diseases after migration. Objective: We investigated the impact of migration on atopic disease prevalence among physician families who migrated from Kerala, Southern India, to North America. Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire was administered to collect demographic information, migration, and atopic history—including allergic rhinitis (AR), food allergy (FA), asthma, and atopic dermatitis (AD)—of physician migrants from Kerala, Southern India, and their families. Results: Of the 164 completed surveys, 148 were included in the final analyses. Postmigration prevalence of AR and FA were significantly higher than premigration prevalence (AR-pre 12.8% [95% confidence interval (CI), 8.1-19.6] vs AR-post 21.6% [95% CI, 15.5-29.3] [P = .048], and FA-pre 2.7% [95% CI, 0.9-7.2] vs FA-post 9.5% [95% CI, 5.5-15.7] [P = .022]). Cow’s milk (4.1%) was the common food trigger reported, followed by fruits (2.0%) and shellfish (2.0%). In 137 respondent families with children, North America–born compared to migrant children had a higher prevalence of asthma (18.6% [95% CI, 13.4-25.1] vs 8.6% [95% CI, 4.1-16.7] [P = .033]), AR (36.1% [95% CI, 29.2-43.5] vs 19.4% [95% CI, 12.2-29.1] [P = .005]), and FA (17.5% [95% CI, 12.4-23.9] vs 5.4% [95% CI 2.0-12.7] [P = .008]). Conclusion: Respondents exhibited increased prevalence of AR and FA after migration. North America–born children showed elevated risk for asthma, AR, and FA compared to respondents and children who migrated after birth. Research into lost protective factors and new risk factors, including environmental and dietary changes, is needed to decrease the impact on future generations.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772829325000736Allergic diseasesmigrationIndian Americansgene–environment interactionsgenerational shift
spellingShingle Sangeetha M. Kodoth, MD
Priyanka Dadha, PhD
Shruti Sehgal, MD(Hom), MS
Christopher Warren, PhD
Sai R. Nimmagadda, MD
Lucy A. Bilaver, PhD
Ruchi S. Gupta, MD, MPH
Generational shifts in atopic disease among immigrant families to North America from Southern India
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: Global
Allergic diseases
migration
Indian Americans
gene–environment interactions
generational shift
title Generational shifts in atopic disease among immigrant families to North America from Southern India
title_full Generational shifts in atopic disease among immigrant families to North America from Southern India
title_fullStr Generational shifts in atopic disease among immigrant families to North America from Southern India
title_full_unstemmed Generational shifts in atopic disease among immigrant families to North America from Southern India
title_short Generational shifts in atopic disease among immigrant families to North America from Southern India
title_sort generational shifts in atopic disease among immigrant families to north america from southern india
topic Allergic diseases
migration
Indian Americans
gene–environment interactions
generational shift
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772829325000736
work_keys_str_mv AT sangeethamkodothmd generationalshiftsinatopicdiseaseamongimmigrantfamiliestonorthamericafromsouthernindia
AT priyankadadhaphd generationalshiftsinatopicdiseaseamongimmigrantfamiliestonorthamericafromsouthernindia
AT shrutisehgalmdhomms generationalshiftsinatopicdiseaseamongimmigrantfamiliestonorthamericafromsouthernindia
AT christopherwarrenphd generationalshiftsinatopicdiseaseamongimmigrantfamiliestonorthamericafromsouthernindia
AT sairnimmagaddamd generationalshiftsinatopicdiseaseamongimmigrantfamiliestonorthamericafromsouthernindia
AT lucyabilaverphd generationalshiftsinatopicdiseaseamongimmigrantfamiliestonorthamericafromsouthernindia
AT ruchisguptamdmph generationalshiftsinatopicdiseaseamongimmigrantfamiliestonorthamericafromsouthernindia