Role of Uterine and Ophthalmic Artery Doppler Velocimetry in Second Trimester for Prediction of Preeclampsia in High-risk Pregnant Women: A Prospective Cohort Study

Introduction: Preeclampsia is one of the major complications of pregnancy, with an incidence of 1-35% worldwide. There is currently no reliable screening test to predict adverse complications of preeclampsia. In the non gravid uterus and early gravid uterus, uterine spiral vessels have high-resistan...

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Main Authors: Tomar Basar, Saumya Yadav, Noyomi Saring, Narang Yam, Taling Mari
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited 2025-08-01
Series:Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research
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Online Access:https://jcdr.net/article_fulltext.asp?issn=0973-709x&year=2025&volume=19&issue=8&page=QC09&issn=0973-709x&id=21414
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author Tomar Basar
Saumya Yadav
Noyomi Saring
Narang Yam
Taling Mari
author_facet Tomar Basar
Saumya Yadav
Noyomi Saring
Narang Yam
Taling Mari
author_sort Tomar Basar
collection DOAJ
description Introduction: Preeclampsia is one of the major complications of pregnancy, with an incidence of 1-35% worldwide. There is currently no reliable screening test to predict adverse complications of preeclampsia. In the non gravid uterus and early gravid uterus, uterine spiral vessels have high-resistance blood flow, which changes to low resistance during a normal pregnancy. However, this phenomenon fails to occur in preeclampsia, resulting in high flow impedance. Aim: To determine the occurrence of preeclampsia in high-risk pregnant women during the second trimester using the Pulsatility Index (PI) of the uterine and ophthalmic arteries. Materials and Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted at the tertiary care centre (TRIHMS) in Arunachal Pradesh within the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology from November 2022 to October 2024. Patients (n=100) in the second trimester of pregnancy, who had risk factors for developing preeclampsia, were enrolled in the study. The PI of the uterine artery and ophthalmic artery was obtained using a curvilinear and linear probe, respectively. Patients were then followed-up for the development of preeclampsia from the time of enrollment in the study until discharge from the hospital after delivery of the baby. Statistical analyses were performed using the Chi-square test, Student’s t-test and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Results: The age of participants ranged from 18 to 44 years, with a mean age of 26±5.01 years. The mean±SD of participants’ weight, height, and Body Mass Index (BMI) were 66.37±7.99 Kg, 152.5±4.72 centimeters, and 28.48±6.35 kg/m2, respectively. A total of 27 participants developed preeclampsia during the course of this study. The sensitivity of the uterine artery PI was found to be 25% and specificity was 87% at a cut-off value of ≥1.45. The ophthalmic artery PI had a sensitivity of 85% and specificity of 58% at a cut-off value of <1.76. The current study summarised that the ophthalmic artery Doppler has a higher Negative Predictive Value (NPV) (91%), while the uterine artery Doppler has higher specificity (87%) in detecting preeclampsia. Conclusion: Doppler flow velocimetry is a non invasive and less time-consuming method of screening high-risk pregnancies, which can be made widely available. In cases where this screening test yields abnormal results in the second trimester, increased surveillance, timely follow-up and delivery in a well-equipped centre are essential to prevent or resolve maternal and foetal complications.
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spelling doaj-art-e98eae5846aa479ea594347173290a3d2025-08-20T03:07:20ZengJCDR Research and Publications Private LimitedJournal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research2249-782X0973-709X2025-08-01198QC09QC1310.7860/JCDR/2025/81194.21414Role of Uterine and Ophthalmic Artery Doppler Velocimetry in Second Trimester for Prediction of Preeclampsia in High-risk Pregnant Women: A Prospective Cohort StudyTomar Basar0Saumya Yadav1Noyomi Saring2Narang Yam3Taling Mari4Associate Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tomo Riba Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Naharlagun, Arunachal Pradesh, India.Resident, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tomo Riba Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Naharlagun, Arunachal Pradesh, India.Associate Professor, Department of Anaesthesiology, Tomo Riba Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Naharlagun, Arunachal Pradesh, India.Assistant Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tomo Riba Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Naharlagun, Arunachal Pradesh, India.Associate Professor, Department of Radiology and Imaging, Tomo Riba Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Naharlagun, Arunachal Pradesh, India.Introduction: Preeclampsia is one of the major complications of pregnancy, with an incidence of 1-35% worldwide. There is currently no reliable screening test to predict adverse complications of preeclampsia. In the non gravid uterus and early gravid uterus, uterine spiral vessels have high-resistance blood flow, which changes to low resistance during a normal pregnancy. However, this phenomenon fails to occur in preeclampsia, resulting in high flow impedance. Aim: To determine the occurrence of preeclampsia in high-risk pregnant women during the second trimester using the Pulsatility Index (PI) of the uterine and ophthalmic arteries. Materials and Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted at the tertiary care centre (TRIHMS) in Arunachal Pradesh within the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology from November 2022 to October 2024. Patients (n=100) in the second trimester of pregnancy, who had risk factors for developing preeclampsia, were enrolled in the study. The PI of the uterine artery and ophthalmic artery was obtained using a curvilinear and linear probe, respectively. Patients were then followed-up for the development of preeclampsia from the time of enrollment in the study until discharge from the hospital after delivery of the baby. Statistical analyses were performed using the Chi-square test, Student’s t-test and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Results: The age of participants ranged from 18 to 44 years, with a mean age of 26±5.01 years. The mean±SD of participants’ weight, height, and Body Mass Index (BMI) were 66.37±7.99 Kg, 152.5±4.72 centimeters, and 28.48±6.35 kg/m2, respectively. A total of 27 participants developed preeclampsia during the course of this study. The sensitivity of the uterine artery PI was found to be 25% and specificity was 87% at a cut-off value of ≥1.45. The ophthalmic artery PI had a sensitivity of 85% and specificity of 58% at a cut-off value of <1.76. The current study summarised that the ophthalmic artery Doppler has a higher Negative Predictive Value (NPV) (91%), while the uterine artery Doppler has higher specificity (87%) in detecting preeclampsia. Conclusion: Doppler flow velocimetry is a non invasive and less time-consuming method of screening high-risk pregnancies, which can be made widely available. In cases where this screening test yields abnormal results in the second trimester, increased surveillance, timely follow-up and delivery in a well-equipped centre are essential to prevent or resolve maternal and foetal complications.https://jcdr.net/article_fulltext.asp?issn=0973-709x&year=2025&volume=19&issue=8&page=QC09&issn=0973-709x&id=21414doppler flow velocimetrypregnancypulsatiliity index
spellingShingle Tomar Basar
Saumya Yadav
Noyomi Saring
Narang Yam
Taling Mari
Role of Uterine and Ophthalmic Artery Doppler Velocimetry in Second Trimester for Prediction of Preeclampsia in High-risk Pregnant Women: A Prospective Cohort Study
Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research
doppler flow velocimetry
pregnancy
pulsatiliity index
title Role of Uterine and Ophthalmic Artery Doppler Velocimetry in Second Trimester for Prediction of Preeclampsia in High-risk Pregnant Women: A Prospective Cohort Study
title_full Role of Uterine and Ophthalmic Artery Doppler Velocimetry in Second Trimester for Prediction of Preeclampsia in High-risk Pregnant Women: A Prospective Cohort Study
title_fullStr Role of Uterine and Ophthalmic Artery Doppler Velocimetry in Second Trimester for Prediction of Preeclampsia in High-risk Pregnant Women: A Prospective Cohort Study
title_full_unstemmed Role of Uterine and Ophthalmic Artery Doppler Velocimetry in Second Trimester for Prediction of Preeclampsia in High-risk Pregnant Women: A Prospective Cohort Study
title_short Role of Uterine and Ophthalmic Artery Doppler Velocimetry in Second Trimester for Prediction of Preeclampsia in High-risk Pregnant Women: A Prospective Cohort Study
title_sort role of uterine and ophthalmic artery doppler velocimetry in second trimester for prediction of preeclampsia in high risk pregnant women a prospective cohort study
topic doppler flow velocimetry
pregnancy
pulsatiliity index
url https://jcdr.net/article_fulltext.asp?issn=0973-709x&year=2025&volume=19&issue=8&page=QC09&issn=0973-709x&id=21414
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