Evolution and amplification of the trehalose-6-phosphate synthase gene family in Theaceae
Abstract Background Trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) is an essential enzyme involved in the production of trehalose, and the genes associated with TPS are crucial for various processes such as growth, development, defense mechanisms, and resistance to stress. However, there has been no documenta...
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BMC
2025-03-01
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| Series: | BMC Genomics |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-025-11475-3 |
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| author | Zaibao Zhang Tao Xiong Kejia Li Kexin Huang Chunxia Liao Guangqu Liu |
| author_facet | Zaibao Zhang Tao Xiong Kejia Li Kexin Huang Chunxia Liao Guangqu Liu |
| author_sort | Zaibao Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) is an essential enzyme involved in the production of trehalose, and the genes associated with TPS are crucial for various processes such as growth, development, defense mechanisms, and resistance to stress. However, there has been no documentation regarding the evolution and functional roles of the TPS gene family within Theaceae. Results Here, we uncovered the lineage-specific evolution of TPS genes in Theaceae. A total of 102 TPS genes were discovered across ten Theaceae species with sequenced genomes. Consistent with the previous classification, our phylogenetic analysis indicated that the TPS genes in Theaceae can be categorized into two primary subfamilies and six distinct clades (I, II-1, II-2, II-3, II-4, II-5), with clade I containing a greater number of introns compared to those found in clade II. Segmental duplication served as the main catalyst for the evolution of TPS genes within Theaceae, and numerous TPS genes exhibited inter-species synteny among various Theaceae species. Most of the TPS genes were ubiquitously expressed, and expression divergence of TPS paralogous pairs was observed. The cis-acting elements found in TPS genes indicated their involvement in responses to phytohormones and stress. Conclusion This research enhanced our understanding of the lineage-specific evolution of the TPS gene family in Theaceae and offered important insights for future functional analyses. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e97ff47b09784dbba1b0e47abf5550ab |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2164 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | BMC Genomics |
| spelling | doaj-art-e97ff47b09784dbba1b0e47abf5550ab2025-08-20T03:41:49ZengBMCBMC Genomics1471-21642025-03-0126111710.1186/s12864-025-11475-3Evolution and amplification of the trehalose-6-phosphate synthase gene family in TheaceaeZaibao Zhang0Tao Xiong1Kejia Li2Kexin Huang3Chunxia Liao4Guangqu Liu5School of Life and Health Science, Huzhou CollegeCollege of Life Science, Xinyang Normal UniversitySchool of Life and Health Science, Huzhou CollegeSchool of Life and Health Science, Huzhou CollegeSchool of Life and Health Science, Huzhou CollegeSchool of Life and Health Science, Huzhou CollegeAbstract Background Trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) is an essential enzyme involved in the production of trehalose, and the genes associated with TPS are crucial for various processes such as growth, development, defense mechanisms, and resistance to stress. However, there has been no documentation regarding the evolution and functional roles of the TPS gene family within Theaceae. Results Here, we uncovered the lineage-specific evolution of TPS genes in Theaceae. A total of 102 TPS genes were discovered across ten Theaceae species with sequenced genomes. Consistent with the previous classification, our phylogenetic analysis indicated that the TPS genes in Theaceae can be categorized into two primary subfamilies and six distinct clades (I, II-1, II-2, II-3, II-4, II-5), with clade I containing a greater number of introns compared to those found in clade II. Segmental duplication served as the main catalyst for the evolution of TPS genes within Theaceae, and numerous TPS genes exhibited inter-species synteny among various Theaceae species. Most of the TPS genes were ubiquitously expressed, and expression divergence of TPS paralogous pairs was observed. The cis-acting elements found in TPS genes indicated their involvement in responses to phytohormones and stress. Conclusion This research enhanced our understanding of the lineage-specific evolution of the TPS gene family in Theaceae and offered important insights for future functional analyses.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-025-11475-3TPSTheaceaeLineage-specific evolutionExpression pattern |
| spellingShingle | Zaibao Zhang Tao Xiong Kejia Li Kexin Huang Chunxia Liao Guangqu Liu Evolution and amplification of the trehalose-6-phosphate synthase gene family in Theaceae BMC Genomics TPS Theaceae Lineage-specific evolution Expression pattern |
| title | Evolution and amplification of the trehalose-6-phosphate synthase gene family in Theaceae |
| title_full | Evolution and amplification of the trehalose-6-phosphate synthase gene family in Theaceae |
| title_fullStr | Evolution and amplification of the trehalose-6-phosphate synthase gene family in Theaceae |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evolution and amplification of the trehalose-6-phosphate synthase gene family in Theaceae |
| title_short | Evolution and amplification of the trehalose-6-phosphate synthase gene family in Theaceae |
| title_sort | evolution and amplification of the trehalose 6 phosphate synthase gene family in theaceae |
| topic | TPS Theaceae Lineage-specific evolution Expression pattern |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-025-11475-3 |
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