Influence of Parotid Saliva Composition on Phosphate Species' Chemical State in Relation to Dental Caries
ABSTRACT Objectives The aim of the present study was to analyze the influence of parotid saliva (PS) composition on the phosphate species' chemical state in relation to dental caries. Methods Unilateral stimulated PS samples were collected from 21 healthy adult subjects using a Lashley cup. Cli...
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Wiley
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Clinical and Experimental Dental Research |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/cre2.70089 |
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| author | Angela Rovera Ali S. Alzahrani Guido Rovera Paul Anderson |
| author_facet | Angela Rovera Ali S. Alzahrani Guido Rovera Paul Anderson |
| author_sort | Angela Rovera |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT Objectives The aim of the present study was to analyze the influence of parotid saliva (PS) composition on the phosphate species' chemical state in relation to dental caries. Methods Unilateral stimulated PS samples were collected from 21 healthy adult subjects using a Lashley cup. Clinical caries scores of each subject were classified using the ICDAS score. The pH was recorded for each saliva sample. The concentration of specific inorganic elements (K+, Na+, Ca2+, Al3+, Sr2+, Li+, Zn2+, and Mg2+) was measured using an Inductively Coupled Plasma‐Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICP‐OES). The PS effective concentration of ions and the degree of saturation (DS) with respect to enamel mineral were determined by speciation calculation. The PS chemical environment was determined using 31P‐Nuclear‐Magnetic‐Resonance‐Spectroscopy (31P‐NMR). Pearson's correlation test was applied to evaluate the influence of PS composition on the ICDAS score. Results The pH varied from 5.9 to 7.6. The ICDAS scores varied from 0.03 to 2.48. PS was supersaturated with respect to HAp at all pH values. The 31P‐NMR peak position value reflects the phosphate chemical state within PS and its change in relation to pH. Only calcium ion concentration [Ca2+], aluminum activity {Al3+}, and DSHAp significantly correlated with the 31P‐NMR peak position value (ppm), whereas no correlation was observed between the 31P‐NMR peak position value and the activities of K+, Na+, Sr2+, Mg2+, Li+, and Zn2+. Conclusions This parotid saliva 31P‐NMR study has shown that calcium ion concentration [Ca2+], aluminum activity {Al3+}, and DSHAp significantly influence the phosphate species' chemical state existing within PS and provides extended knowledge on the main biochemical determinants of the caries process. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e978564e8b7a4ee58bbe6f7de875e9f3 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2057-4347 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Clinical and Experimental Dental Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-e978564e8b7a4ee58bbe6f7de875e9f32025-08-20T03:55:08ZengWileyClinical and Experimental Dental Research2057-43472025-02-01111n/an/a10.1002/cre2.70089Influence of Parotid Saliva Composition on Phosphate Species' Chemical State in Relation to Dental CariesAngela Rovera0Ali S. Alzahrani1Guido Rovera2Paul Anderson3Dental Physical Sciences Unit, Centre for Oral Bioengineering, Institute of Dentistry Queen Mary University of London London UKDepartment of Basic Medical, Oral and Allied Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry Taif University Taif Saudi ArabiaNuclear Medicine Division, Department of Medical Sciences University of Turin Turin ItalyDental Physical Sciences Unit, Centre for Oral Bioengineering, Institute of Dentistry Queen Mary University of London London UKABSTRACT Objectives The aim of the present study was to analyze the influence of parotid saliva (PS) composition on the phosphate species' chemical state in relation to dental caries. Methods Unilateral stimulated PS samples were collected from 21 healthy adult subjects using a Lashley cup. Clinical caries scores of each subject were classified using the ICDAS score. The pH was recorded for each saliva sample. The concentration of specific inorganic elements (K+, Na+, Ca2+, Al3+, Sr2+, Li+, Zn2+, and Mg2+) was measured using an Inductively Coupled Plasma‐Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICP‐OES). The PS effective concentration of ions and the degree of saturation (DS) with respect to enamel mineral were determined by speciation calculation. The PS chemical environment was determined using 31P‐Nuclear‐Magnetic‐Resonance‐Spectroscopy (31P‐NMR). Pearson's correlation test was applied to evaluate the influence of PS composition on the ICDAS score. Results The pH varied from 5.9 to 7.6. The ICDAS scores varied from 0.03 to 2.48. PS was supersaturated with respect to HAp at all pH values. The 31P‐NMR peak position value reflects the phosphate chemical state within PS and its change in relation to pH. Only calcium ion concentration [Ca2+], aluminum activity {Al3+}, and DSHAp significantly correlated with the 31P‐NMR peak position value (ppm), whereas no correlation was observed between the 31P‐NMR peak position value and the activities of K+, Na+, Sr2+, Mg2+, Li+, and Zn2+. Conclusions This parotid saliva 31P‐NMR study has shown that calcium ion concentration [Ca2+], aluminum activity {Al3+}, and DSHAp significantly influence the phosphate species' chemical state existing within PS and provides extended knowledge on the main biochemical determinants of the caries process.https://doi.org/10.1002/cre2.7008931P‐NMRdental cariesICDASsaliva composition |
| spellingShingle | Angela Rovera Ali S. Alzahrani Guido Rovera Paul Anderson Influence of Parotid Saliva Composition on Phosphate Species' Chemical State in Relation to Dental Caries Clinical and Experimental Dental Research 31P‐NMR dental caries ICDAS saliva composition |
| title | Influence of Parotid Saliva Composition on Phosphate Species' Chemical State in Relation to Dental Caries |
| title_full | Influence of Parotid Saliva Composition on Phosphate Species' Chemical State in Relation to Dental Caries |
| title_fullStr | Influence of Parotid Saliva Composition on Phosphate Species' Chemical State in Relation to Dental Caries |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of Parotid Saliva Composition on Phosphate Species' Chemical State in Relation to Dental Caries |
| title_short | Influence of Parotid Saliva Composition on Phosphate Species' Chemical State in Relation to Dental Caries |
| title_sort | influence of parotid saliva composition on phosphate species chemical state in relation to dental caries |
| topic | 31P‐NMR dental caries ICDAS saliva composition |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/cre2.70089 |
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