Age and pattern of cervical smear cytology in Federal Medical Centre Asaba – a five year review

<br /><p><strong>Background: </strong>Cancer of the cervix is a leading cause of cancer deaths among women in low middle income countries. Screening for premalignant lesions of the cervix, using cervical smear is preventive. The pattern of cytological findings varies with age...

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Main Authors: Daniel Nnaemeka Onwusulu, Samuel okwuchukwu ilikannu, Chikodili Ogugwa Ochuba, Valentine Idama, Emmanuel Egboduku, Adeniyi Johnson Fagbemi, Sunday Emmanuel Jombo
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Academy Publishing Center 2025-04-01
Series:Advances in Medical, Pharmaceutical and Dental Research
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Online Access:http://apc.aast.edu/ojs/index.php/AMPDR/article/view/1209
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author Daniel Nnaemeka Onwusulu
Samuel okwuchukwu ilikannu
Chikodili Ogugwa Ochuba
Valentine Idama
Emmanuel Egboduku
Adeniyi Johnson Fagbemi
Sunday Emmanuel Jombo
author_facet Daniel Nnaemeka Onwusulu
Samuel okwuchukwu ilikannu
Chikodili Ogugwa Ochuba
Valentine Idama
Emmanuel Egboduku
Adeniyi Johnson Fagbemi
Sunday Emmanuel Jombo
author_sort Daniel Nnaemeka Onwusulu
collection DOAJ
description <br /><p><strong>Background: </strong>Cancer of the cervix is a leading cause of cancer deaths among women in low middle income countries. Screening for premalignant lesions of the cervix, using cervical smear is preventive. The pattern of cytological findings varies with age , this pattern is not well known in our environment.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the pattern of cervical smear cytology in Federal Medical Centre, Asaba.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective descriptive study of all cervical smears received and processed at the histopathology department of the Federal Medical Centre (FMC), Asaba between 1<sup>st</sup> January 2016 and 31<sup>st</sup> December 2020. Those with inadequate data were excluded from the study. Classification was by the 2014 Bethesda system. Data collected was analyzed using the SPSS (IBM version 20) and results presented in frequencies, percentages and tables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1184 cervical smear samples were received in the histopathology department of FMC, Asaba during the period of study. One thousand one hundred and fifty were satisfactory. The mean age was 43+/-10.58 and ranges between 19 and 76years. The age group with the largest number of cervical smears was 41-50years (412; 35.8%). About 807(70.2%) were normal smears while 343(29.8%) had abnormal results. Of the abnormal results 173(15.0%) were negative for intraepithelial cell abnormalities while 170(14.8%) had intraepithelial cell abnormalities. Of these were ASC-US (13; 1.1%), LSIL (129; 11.2%), HSIL (28; 2.4%). The prevalence of HSIL increased with age; the highest was &gt;60 years (35.7%).The reverse was the case for the lower grade lesions. There was a significant relationship between the ages of the patient and the pattern of cervical smear results (P= &lt; 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Population screening programs should be encouraged for the inclusion of younger women in whom lower grade lesions are commoner to reduce the prevalence of cervical cancer in our population.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Received on, 30 January 2025 </strong></p><p><strong>Accepted on, 17 March 2025 </strong></p><p><strong>Published on, 14 April 2025</strong></p>
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institution Kabale University
issn 2812-488X
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spelling doaj-art-e9317a436b7648ef8c5ef561ad69bdb42025-08-20T03:28:43ZengAcademy Publishing CenterAdvances in Medical, Pharmaceutical and Dental Research2812-488X2812-48982025-04-0151333710.21622/AMPDR.2025.05.1.1209465Age and pattern of cervical smear cytology in Federal Medical Centre Asaba – a five year reviewDaniel Nnaemeka Onwusulu0Samuel okwuchukwu ilikannu1Chikodili Ogugwa Ochuba2Valentine Idama3Emmanuel Egboduku4Adeniyi Johnson Fagbemi5Sunday Emmanuel Jombo6Onwusulu Daniel Nnaemeka of the Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Faculty of medicine, AwkaFederal Medical Centre AsabaDepartment of Health, Ethics and Society, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences Maastricht UniversityFederal Medical Centre AsabaFederal Medical Centre AsabaFederal Medical Centre AsabaFederal Medical Centre Asaba<br /><p><strong>Background: </strong>Cancer of the cervix is a leading cause of cancer deaths among women in low middle income countries. Screening for premalignant lesions of the cervix, using cervical smear is preventive. The pattern of cytological findings varies with age , this pattern is not well known in our environment.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the pattern of cervical smear cytology in Federal Medical Centre, Asaba.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective descriptive study of all cervical smears received and processed at the histopathology department of the Federal Medical Centre (FMC), Asaba between 1<sup>st</sup> January 2016 and 31<sup>st</sup> December 2020. Those with inadequate data were excluded from the study. Classification was by the 2014 Bethesda system. Data collected was analyzed using the SPSS (IBM version 20) and results presented in frequencies, percentages and tables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1184 cervical smear samples were received in the histopathology department of FMC, Asaba during the period of study. One thousand one hundred and fifty were satisfactory. The mean age was 43+/-10.58 and ranges between 19 and 76years. The age group with the largest number of cervical smears was 41-50years (412; 35.8%). About 807(70.2%) were normal smears while 343(29.8%) had abnormal results. Of the abnormal results 173(15.0%) were negative for intraepithelial cell abnormalities while 170(14.8%) had intraepithelial cell abnormalities. Of these were ASC-US (13; 1.1%), LSIL (129; 11.2%), HSIL (28; 2.4%). The prevalence of HSIL increased with age; the highest was &gt;60 years (35.7%).The reverse was the case for the lower grade lesions. There was a significant relationship between the ages of the patient and the pattern of cervical smear results (P= &lt; 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Population screening programs should be encouraged for the inclusion of younger women in whom lower grade lesions are commoner to reduce the prevalence of cervical cancer in our population.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Received on, 30 January 2025 </strong></p><p><strong>Accepted on, 17 March 2025 </strong></p><p><strong>Published on, 14 April 2025</strong></p>http://apc.aast.edu/ojs/index.php/AMPDR/article/view/1209age, screening, cervical smear, cytology, cervical intra epithelia lesion, and cervical cancer
spellingShingle Daniel Nnaemeka Onwusulu
Samuel okwuchukwu ilikannu
Chikodili Ogugwa Ochuba
Valentine Idama
Emmanuel Egboduku
Adeniyi Johnson Fagbemi
Sunday Emmanuel Jombo
Age and pattern of cervical smear cytology in Federal Medical Centre Asaba – a five year review
Advances in Medical, Pharmaceutical and Dental Research
age, screening, cervical smear, cytology, cervical intra epithelia lesion, and cervical cancer
title Age and pattern of cervical smear cytology in Federal Medical Centre Asaba – a five year review
title_full Age and pattern of cervical smear cytology in Federal Medical Centre Asaba – a five year review
title_fullStr Age and pattern of cervical smear cytology in Federal Medical Centre Asaba – a five year review
title_full_unstemmed Age and pattern of cervical smear cytology in Federal Medical Centre Asaba – a five year review
title_short Age and pattern of cervical smear cytology in Federal Medical Centre Asaba – a five year review
title_sort age and pattern of cervical smear cytology in federal medical centre asaba a five year review
topic age, screening, cervical smear, cytology, cervical intra epithelia lesion, and cervical cancer
url http://apc.aast.edu/ojs/index.php/AMPDR/article/view/1209
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