Clinical Predictors of <i>Escherichia coli</i> Versus <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Bacteremia at the Emergency Department

<b>Background:</b> Bacteremia is a life-threatening condition encountered in the emergency department (ED). <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> are among the most common pathogens, but early differentiation is challenging. Identifying clinical...

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Main Authors: Pariwat Phungoen, Thanat Tangpaisarn, Kittisak Sawanyawisuth
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Antibiotics
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/14/7/654
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author Pariwat Phungoen
Thanat Tangpaisarn
Kittisak Sawanyawisuth
author_facet Pariwat Phungoen
Thanat Tangpaisarn
Kittisak Sawanyawisuth
author_sort Pariwat Phungoen
collection DOAJ
description <b>Background:</b> Bacteremia is a life-threatening condition encountered in the emergency department (ED). <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> are among the most common pathogens, but early differentiation is challenging. Identifying clinical predictors may help guide empirical treatment while awaiting culture results. <b>Methods:</b> This retrospective analytical study included adults aged 18 years or older who presented with bacteremia in the ED between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2018 and had blood cultures positive for either <i>S. aureus</i> or <i>E. coli</i>. Clinical predictors of <i>E. coli</i> bacteremia were identified using multivariable logistic regression analysis. <b>Results:</b> Among 327 patients, 272 (83.2%) had <i>E. coli</i> bacteremia. Significant predictors of <i>E. coli</i> bacteremia included hypertension (adjusted OR 2.12; 95% CI: 1.03–4.39; <i>p</i> = 0.041), solid organ tumor (adjusted OR 3.72; 95% CI: 1.63–8.51; <i>p</i> = 0.002), and higher body temperature (adjusted OR 1.49 per °C; 95% CI: 1.15–1.93; <i>p</i> = 0.002). The model showed good fit (Hosmer–Lemeshow <i>p</i> = 0.326). <b>Conclusions:</b> Patients presenting with hypertension, solid organ tumor, or elevated body temperature at the ED are more likely to have <i>E. coli</i> bacteremia than <i>S. aureus</i>. These predictors may support early empirical antibiotic decision-making.
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spelling doaj-art-e928b04e1329479a8f561588adffdd842025-08-20T02:45:52ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822025-06-0114765410.3390/antibiotics14070654Clinical Predictors of <i>Escherichia coli</i> Versus <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Bacteremia at the Emergency DepartmentPariwat Phungoen0Thanat Tangpaisarn1Kittisak Sawanyawisuth2Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, ThailandDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, ThailandDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand<b>Background:</b> Bacteremia is a life-threatening condition encountered in the emergency department (ED). <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> are among the most common pathogens, but early differentiation is challenging. Identifying clinical predictors may help guide empirical treatment while awaiting culture results. <b>Methods:</b> This retrospective analytical study included adults aged 18 years or older who presented with bacteremia in the ED between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2018 and had blood cultures positive for either <i>S. aureus</i> or <i>E. coli</i>. Clinical predictors of <i>E. coli</i> bacteremia were identified using multivariable logistic regression analysis. <b>Results:</b> Among 327 patients, 272 (83.2%) had <i>E. coli</i> bacteremia. Significant predictors of <i>E. coli</i> bacteremia included hypertension (adjusted OR 2.12; 95% CI: 1.03–4.39; <i>p</i> = 0.041), solid organ tumor (adjusted OR 3.72; 95% CI: 1.63–8.51; <i>p</i> = 0.002), and higher body temperature (adjusted OR 1.49 per °C; 95% CI: 1.15–1.93; <i>p</i> = 0.002). The model showed good fit (Hosmer–Lemeshow <i>p</i> = 0.326). <b>Conclusions:</b> Patients presenting with hypertension, solid organ tumor, or elevated body temperature at the ED are more likely to have <i>E. coli</i> bacteremia than <i>S. aureus</i>. These predictors may support early empirical antibiotic decision-making.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/14/7/654bacteremia<i>E. coli</i><i>S. aureus</i>solid organ tumor
spellingShingle Pariwat Phungoen
Thanat Tangpaisarn
Kittisak Sawanyawisuth
Clinical Predictors of <i>Escherichia coli</i> Versus <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Bacteremia at the Emergency Department
Antibiotics
bacteremia
<i>E. coli</i>
<i>S. aureus</i>
solid organ tumor
title Clinical Predictors of <i>Escherichia coli</i> Versus <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Bacteremia at the Emergency Department
title_full Clinical Predictors of <i>Escherichia coli</i> Versus <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Bacteremia at the Emergency Department
title_fullStr Clinical Predictors of <i>Escherichia coli</i> Versus <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Bacteremia at the Emergency Department
title_full_unstemmed Clinical Predictors of <i>Escherichia coli</i> Versus <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Bacteremia at the Emergency Department
title_short Clinical Predictors of <i>Escherichia coli</i> Versus <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Bacteremia at the Emergency Department
title_sort clinical predictors of i escherichia coli i versus i staphylococcus aureus i bacteremia at the emergency department
topic bacteremia
<i>E. coli</i>
<i>S. aureus</i>
solid organ tumor
url https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/14/7/654
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AT kittisaksawanyawisuth clinicalpredictorsofiescherichiacoliiversusistaphylococcusaureusibacteremiaattheemergencydepartment