Advancements and Applications of STR Kits in Forensic DNA Profiling: A Comprehensive Review
Short tandem repeat (STR) analysis is a crucial technique in forensic science, providing high-resolution DNA profiling for criminal investigations, paternity tests, and identification of missing persons. This document outlines the key stages of STR analysis, including sample collection and preservat...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Baghdad Journal of Biochemistry and Applied Biological Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.bjbabs.org/index.php/bjbabs/article/view/355 |
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| author | Omar A Mahmoud Mohammed A. Hameed Shahrazad H. Muhi Farah B. Abed Sahar M. Ibrahim Ibrahim Ramzi Hadi Dunya A. Mohammed Ruaa Maan Attallah |
| author_facet | Omar A Mahmoud Mohammed A. Hameed Shahrazad H. Muhi Farah B. Abed Sahar M. Ibrahim Ibrahim Ramzi Hadi Dunya A. Mohammed Ruaa Maan Attallah |
| author_sort | Omar A Mahmoud |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Short tandem repeat (STR) analysis is a crucial technique in forensic science, providing high-resolution DNA profiling for criminal investigations, paternity tests, and identification of missing persons. This document outlines the key stages of STR analysis, including sample collection and preservation, DNA extraction and quantification, PCR amplification of STR loci, capillary electrophoresis, and data interpretation. Proper handling and storage of forensic samples are essential to prevent DNA degradation and contamination. PCR amplification, using Taq polymerase, enables the replication of STR loci for analysis. Capillary electrophoresis then separates these fragments, generating an electropherogram that is interpreted using specialized software. STR profiling is widely used due to its sensitivity, accuracy, and ability to analyze degraded DNA samples. Despite its advantages, challenges such as DNA mixture interpretation and environmental degradation persist. The continuous advancement of forensic DNA technology, including next-generation sequencing (NGS), aims to enhance STR analysis efficiency and accuracy. This document also discusses various STR kits used in forensic science, their applications, and standard protocols ensuring reliable results. STR analysis remains a cornerstone of forensic DNA testing, playing a significant role in legal and investigative processes worldwide. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e9141fad1a9f40e2a838415be6cc05cf |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2706-9915 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Baghdad Journal of Biochemistry and Applied Biological Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-e9141fad1a9f40e2a838415be6cc05cf2025-08-20T01:51:36ZengCollege of Medicine, Al-Nahrain UniversityBaghdad Journal of Biochemistry and Applied Biological Sciences2706-99152025-03-016111710.47419/bjbabs.v6i1.355Advancements and Applications of STR Kits in Forensic DNA Profiling: A Comprehensive ReviewOmar A Mahmoud0https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6884-9398Mohammed A. Hameed1https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8621-3696Shahrazad H. Muhi2https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1148-3762Farah B. Abed3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1356-2304Sahar M. Ibrahim4https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6638-9498Ibrahim Ramzi Hadi5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3734-3985Dunya A. Mohammed6https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0541-8194Ruaa Maan Attallah7https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8095-0952Higher Institute of Forensic Sciences, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, IraqHigher Institute of Forensic Sciences, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, IraqHigher Institute of Forensic Sciences, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, IraqHigher Institute of Forensic Sciences, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, IraqHigher Institute of Forensic Sciences, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, IraqHigher Institute of Forensic Sciences, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, IraqHigher Institute of Forensic Sciences, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, IraqHigher Institute of Forensic Sciences, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, IraqShort tandem repeat (STR) analysis is a crucial technique in forensic science, providing high-resolution DNA profiling for criminal investigations, paternity tests, and identification of missing persons. This document outlines the key stages of STR analysis, including sample collection and preservation, DNA extraction and quantification, PCR amplification of STR loci, capillary electrophoresis, and data interpretation. Proper handling and storage of forensic samples are essential to prevent DNA degradation and contamination. PCR amplification, using Taq polymerase, enables the replication of STR loci for analysis. Capillary electrophoresis then separates these fragments, generating an electropherogram that is interpreted using specialized software. STR profiling is widely used due to its sensitivity, accuracy, and ability to analyze degraded DNA samples. Despite its advantages, challenges such as DNA mixture interpretation and environmental degradation persist. The continuous advancement of forensic DNA technology, including next-generation sequencing (NGS), aims to enhance STR analysis efficiency and accuracy. This document also discusses various STR kits used in forensic science, their applications, and standard protocols ensuring reliable results. STR analysis remains a cornerstone of forensic DNA testing, playing a significant role in legal and investigative processes worldwide.https://www.bjbabs.org/index.php/bjbabs/article/view/355forensic scienceshort tandem repeat (str) analysisdna profilingcapillary electrophoresisforensic dna testingngsbiological evidence |
| spellingShingle | Omar A Mahmoud Mohammed A. Hameed Shahrazad H. Muhi Farah B. Abed Sahar M. Ibrahim Ibrahim Ramzi Hadi Dunya A. Mohammed Ruaa Maan Attallah Advancements and Applications of STR Kits in Forensic DNA Profiling: A Comprehensive Review Baghdad Journal of Biochemistry and Applied Biological Sciences forensic science short tandem repeat (str) analysis dna profiling capillary electrophoresis forensic dna testing ngs biological evidence |
| title | Advancements and Applications of STR Kits in Forensic DNA Profiling: A Comprehensive Review |
| title_full | Advancements and Applications of STR Kits in Forensic DNA Profiling: A Comprehensive Review |
| title_fullStr | Advancements and Applications of STR Kits in Forensic DNA Profiling: A Comprehensive Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Advancements and Applications of STR Kits in Forensic DNA Profiling: A Comprehensive Review |
| title_short | Advancements and Applications of STR Kits in Forensic DNA Profiling: A Comprehensive Review |
| title_sort | advancements and applications of str kits in forensic dna profiling a comprehensive review |
| topic | forensic science short tandem repeat (str) analysis dna profiling capillary electrophoresis forensic dna testing ngs biological evidence |
| url | https://www.bjbabs.org/index.php/bjbabs/article/view/355 |
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