Hepatitis B Virus Exposure, Seroprotection Status, and Susceptibility in Health Care Workers From Lao People’s Democratic Republic: Cross-Sectional Study
Abstract BackgroundDespite the high prevalence of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in adults in Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR), Lao health care workers (HCWs) have previously been shown to have low levels of protection against infection. Furthermore, the p...
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JMIR Publications
2024-12-01
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| Series: | JMIR Public Health and Surveillance |
| Online Access: | https://publichealth.jmir.org/2024/1/e65093 |
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| author | Siriphone Virachith Khanxayaphone Phakhounthong Vilaysone Khounvisith Mayfong Mayxay Sengchanh Kounnavong Somphou Sayasone Judith M Hübschen Antony P Black |
| author_facet | Siriphone Virachith Khanxayaphone Phakhounthong Vilaysone Khounvisith Mayfong Mayxay Sengchanh Kounnavong Somphou Sayasone Judith M Hübschen Antony P Black |
| author_sort | Siriphone Virachith |
| collection | DOAJ |
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Abstract
BackgroundDespite the high prevalence of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in adults in Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR), Lao health care workers (HCWs) have previously been shown to have low levels of protection against infection. Furthermore, the prevalence of hepatitis D virus (HDV), which increases disease severity in individuals infected with HBV, is not known in Lao PDR.
ObjectiveThis study aimed to estimate the exposure and seroprotection against HBV, as well as exposure to HDV, in Lao HCWs from 5 provinces.
MethodsIn 2020, a total of 666 HCWs aged 20 to 65 years from 5 provinces of Lao PDR were recruited, and their sera were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to determine their HBV and HDV coinfection status.
ResultsHBV exposure, as indicated by the presence of anti–hepatitis B core antibodies, was 40.1% (267/666) overall and significantly higher for HCWs from Oudomxay province (21/31, 67.7%; adjusted odds ratio 3.69, 95% CI 1.68‐8.12; P=
ConclusionsThe study found intermediate hepatitis B surface antigen prevalence among HCWs in Lao PDR, with no evidence of HDV coinfection. Notably, a significant proportion of HCWs remains susceptible to HBV, indicating a substantial gap in seroprotection against the disease. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e90b1d29d3fa4d39958d9abcfad7f8a8 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2369-2960 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | JMIR Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | JMIR Public Health and Surveillance |
| spelling | doaj-art-e90b1d29d3fa4d39958d9abcfad7f8a82025-08-20T02:58:15ZengJMIR PublicationsJMIR Public Health and Surveillance2369-29602024-12-0110e65093e6509310.2196/65093Hepatitis B Virus Exposure, Seroprotection Status, and Susceptibility in Health Care Workers From Lao People’s Democratic Republic: Cross-Sectional StudySiriphone Virachithhttp://orcid.org/0000-0001-5049-0544Khanxayaphone Phakhounthonghttp://orcid.org/0009-0006-8042-7267Vilaysone Khounvisithhttp://orcid.org/0009-0000-7251-4973Mayfong Mayxayhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-6056-4516Sengchanh Kounnavonghttp://orcid.org/0000-0001-5766-5941Somphou Sayasonehttp://orcid.org/0000-0001-8219-9567Judith M Hübschenhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-5001-2128Antony P Blackhttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-0579-0702 Abstract BackgroundDespite the high prevalence of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in adults in Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR), Lao health care workers (HCWs) have previously been shown to have low levels of protection against infection. Furthermore, the prevalence of hepatitis D virus (HDV), which increases disease severity in individuals infected with HBV, is not known in Lao PDR. ObjectiveThis study aimed to estimate the exposure and seroprotection against HBV, as well as exposure to HDV, in Lao HCWs from 5 provinces. MethodsIn 2020, a total of 666 HCWs aged 20 to 65 years from 5 provinces of Lao PDR were recruited, and their sera were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to determine their HBV and HDV coinfection status. ResultsHBV exposure, as indicated by the presence of anti–hepatitis B core antibodies, was 40.1% (267/666) overall and significantly higher for HCWs from Oudomxay province (21/31, 67.7%; adjusted odds ratio 3.69, 95% CI 1.68‐8.12; P= ConclusionsThe study found intermediate hepatitis B surface antigen prevalence among HCWs in Lao PDR, with no evidence of HDV coinfection. Notably, a significant proportion of HCWs remains susceptible to HBV, indicating a substantial gap in seroprotection against the disease.https://publichealth.jmir.org/2024/1/e65093 |
| spellingShingle | Siriphone Virachith Khanxayaphone Phakhounthong Vilaysone Khounvisith Mayfong Mayxay Sengchanh Kounnavong Somphou Sayasone Judith M Hübschen Antony P Black Hepatitis B Virus Exposure, Seroprotection Status, and Susceptibility in Health Care Workers From Lao People’s Democratic Republic: Cross-Sectional Study JMIR Public Health and Surveillance |
| title | Hepatitis B Virus Exposure, Seroprotection Status, and Susceptibility in Health Care Workers From Lao People’s Democratic Republic: Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_full | Hepatitis B Virus Exposure, Seroprotection Status, and Susceptibility in Health Care Workers From Lao People’s Democratic Republic: Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_fullStr | Hepatitis B Virus Exposure, Seroprotection Status, and Susceptibility in Health Care Workers From Lao People’s Democratic Republic: Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hepatitis B Virus Exposure, Seroprotection Status, and Susceptibility in Health Care Workers From Lao People’s Democratic Republic: Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_short | Hepatitis B Virus Exposure, Seroprotection Status, and Susceptibility in Health Care Workers From Lao People’s Democratic Republic: Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_sort | hepatitis b virus exposure seroprotection status and susceptibility in health care workers from lao people s democratic republic cross sectional study |
| url | https://publichealth.jmir.org/2024/1/e65093 |
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