Use of Vitex doniana (black plum) and Abutilon hirtum (Florida keys) extracts as an integral part of phytomedicine in tackling multidrug-resistant Salmonella

Introduction: The high prevalence and global spread of antibiotic resistance is driving the search for new antibacterial agents. Screening small molecules against specific bacterial targets has not yielded new compounds therefore functional assays and phenotypic screens are now being used. In Niger...

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Main Authors: Dawang Noel, John Wain, Patricia Lar
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 2022-08-01
Series:Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
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Online Access:https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/14216
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author Dawang Noel
John Wain
Patricia Lar
author_facet Dawang Noel
John Wain
Patricia Lar
author_sort Dawang Noel
collection DOAJ
description Introduction: The high prevalence and global spread of antibiotic resistance is driving the search for new antibacterial agents. Screening small molecules against specific bacterial targets has not yielded new compounds therefore functional assays and phenotypic screens are now being used. In Nigeria, drug resistance towards Salmonella is a major public health concern. Methodology: Nine fully characterized clinical Salmonella isolates, from the Department of Medical Microbiology, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Plateau State, Nigeria, were screened by broth microdilution for susceptibility to fractionated ethanol extracts of Vitex doniana and Abutilon hirtum. This was compared to the control organism ATCC25922 and a range antibiotics: CH (chloramphenicol), SP (sparfloxacin), AM (amoxicillin), CN (gentamicin), S (streptomycin), PEF (pefloxacin). Results: The most common resistance profile was AM,CN,S with most isolates susceptible to fluoroquinolones. Activity was detected from both plant extracts with MICs of extracted fractions ranging from 150 - 300 µg/mL. Interestingly both plants produced extracts with bactericidal activity from 300 - 600 µg/mL. V. doniana exhibited better activity against the resistant Salmonella strains in terms of greater inhibition zones, but A. hirtum extracts were more consistently active against all isolates. In comparison with the synthetic drugs, both plant extracts exhibited activity against more isolates – this activity was bactericidal. Conclusions: Nigeria needs better anti-salmonella products and these results represent a starting point for antibiotic drug discovery.
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publisher The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
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spelling doaj-art-e90af368f9a64efabc8cadec7c33a0a42025-08-20T02:14:20ZengThe Journal of Infection in Developing CountriesJournal of Infection in Developing Countries1972-26802022-08-01160810.3855/jidc.14216Use of Vitex doniana (black plum) and Abutilon hirtum (Florida keys) extracts as an integral part of phytomedicine in tackling multidrug-resistant SalmonellaDawang Noel0John Wain1Patricia Lar2School of Science and Technology, Plateau State Polytechnic, Barkin, Ladi, NigeriaQuadram Institute and University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United KingdomDepartment of Microbiology, University of Jos, Nigeria Introduction: The high prevalence and global spread of antibiotic resistance is driving the search for new antibacterial agents. Screening small molecules against specific bacterial targets has not yielded new compounds therefore functional assays and phenotypic screens are now being used. In Nigeria, drug resistance towards Salmonella is a major public health concern. Methodology: Nine fully characterized clinical Salmonella isolates, from the Department of Medical Microbiology, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Plateau State, Nigeria, were screened by broth microdilution for susceptibility to fractionated ethanol extracts of Vitex doniana and Abutilon hirtum. This was compared to the control organism ATCC25922 and a range antibiotics: CH (chloramphenicol), SP (sparfloxacin), AM (amoxicillin), CN (gentamicin), S (streptomycin), PEF (pefloxacin). Results: The most common resistance profile was AM,CN,S with most isolates susceptible to fluoroquinolones. Activity was detected from both plant extracts with MICs of extracted fractions ranging from 150 - 300 µg/mL. Interestingly both plants produced extracts with bactericidal activity from 300 - 600 µg/mL. V. doniana exhibited better activity against the resistant Salmonella strains in terms of greater inhibition zones, but A. hirtum extracts were more consistently active against all isolates. In comparison with the synthetic drugs, both plant extracts exhibited activity against more isolates – this activity was bactericidal. Conclusions: Nigeria needs better anti-salmonella products and these results represent a starting point for antibiotic drug discovery. https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/14216Antibacterial activitymulti-drug resistant salmonellaemedicinal plants
spellingShingle Dawang Noel
John Wain
Patricia Lar
Use of Vitex doniana (black plum) and Abutilon hirtum (Florida keys) extracts as an integral part of phytomedicine in tackling multidrug-resistant Salmonella
Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
Antibacterial activity
multi-drug resistant salmonellae
medicinal plants
title Use of Vitex doniana (black plum) and Abutilon hirtum (Florida keys) extracts as an integral part of phytomedicine in tackling multidrug-resistant Salmonella
title_full Use of Vitex doniana (black plum) and Abutilon hirtum (Florida keys) extracts as an integral part of phytomedicine in tackling multidrug-resistant Salmonella
title_fullStr Use of Vitex doniana (black plum) and Abutilon hirtum (Florida keys) extracts as an integral part of phytomedicine in tackling multidrug-resistant Salmonella
title_full_unstemmed Use of Vitex doniana (black plum) and Abutilon hirtum (Florida keys) extracts as an integral part of phytomedicine in tackling multidrug-resistant Salmonella
title_short Use of Vitex doniana (black plum) and Abutilon hirtum (Florida keys) extracts as an integral part of phytomedicine in tackling multidrug-resistant Salmonella
title_sort use of vitex doniana black plum and abutilon hirtum florida keys extracts as an integral part of phytomedicine in tackling multidrug resistant salmonella
topic Antibacterial activity
multi-drug resistant salmonellae
medicinal plants
url https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/14216
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AT johnwain useofvitexdonianablackplumandabutilonhirtumfloridakeysextractsasanintegralpartofphytomedicineintacklingmultidrugresistantsalmonella
AT patricialar useofvitexdonianablackplumandabutilonhirtumfloridakeysextractsasanintegralpartofphytomedicineintacklingmultidrugresistantsalmonella