Diarrhea and associated factors among under-five children in open defecation free and open defecation rural households of Degem district, Oromia, Ethiopia
IntroductionDiarrheal diseases are the top cause of preventable death, particularly among children under the age of five in developing countries like Ethiopia. Despite the national level of latrine coverage being 61%, diarrhea is responsible for the deaths of half a million children under 5 years an...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Public Health |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1480949/full |
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| author | Demelash Dereje Dejene Hailu Sisay Abebe Debela Tamiru Yazew Fikadu Tolesa Bogalu Abebe |
| author_facet | Demelash Dereje Dejene Hailu Sisay Abebe Debela Tamiru Yazew Fikadu Tolesa Bogalu Abebe |
| author_sort | Demelash Dereje |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionDiarrheal diseases are the top cause of preventable death, particularly among children under the age of five in developing countries like Ethiopia. Despite the national level of latrine coverage being 61%, diarrhea is responsible for the deaths of half a million children under 5 years annually. Therefore, this study aimed to assess diarrhea and its associated factors among children in open defecation free (ODF) and open defecation (OD) households of Degem district, Oromia, Ethiopia.MethodsA comparative cross-sectional study was conducted within the community, involving 398 participants (200 from open defecation free [ODF] and 198 from open defecation [ODF] households). The selection of study participants from OD and ODF households was done using a multistage sampling approach. Data input was carried out using Epi Data 3.1, while data analysis would be performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26 software, employing appropriate testing methods. Statistical significance and the strength of relationships were assessed using odds ratios with a 95% confidence interval.ResultsThe prevalence of diarrhea among children in open defecation free and open defecation households was 26 and 38%, respectively. Factors such as children who were not vaccinated for rotavirus, mothers or caregivers did not have diarrhea, mothers or caregivers did not wash their hands at critical times, and individuals with poor latrine utilization were significantly associated with diarrhea among children in ODF households. On the other hand, children who were not vaccinated for rotavirus, not received vitamin A supplementation, mothers or caregivers did not wash their hands at critical times, children lacking access to latrines and children whose their families practice open field solid waste disposal were significantly associated with diarrhea among children in open defecation free households.ConclusionThe study results indicated that the prevalence of diarrhea among children under five in open defecation areas was notably higher compared to those residing in open defecation free areas. Consequently, it is imperative for all responsible bodies to focus on evidence-based strategies to combat childhood diarrhea and to ensure child health status. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e909372c1a7b4f41ac29c4bf20b0d48f |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2296-2565 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Public Health |
| spelling | doaj-art-e909372c1a7b4f41ac29c4bf20b0d48f2025-08-20T02:31:33ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Public Health2296-25652024-12-011210.3389/fpubh.2024.14809491480949Diarrhea and associated factors among under-five children in open defecation free and open defecation rural households of Degem district, Oromia, EthiopiaDemelash Dereje0Dejene Hailu1Sisay Abebe Debela2Tamiru Yazew3Fikadu Tolesa4Bogalu Abebe5Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Salale University, Fitche, EthiopiaDepartment of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Salale University, Fitche, EthiopiaDepartment of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Salale University, Fitche, EthiopiaDepartment of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Salale University, Fitche, EthiopiaDepartment of Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, Salale University, Fitche, EthiopiaDepartment of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Salale University, Fitche, EthiopiaIntroductionDiarrheal diseases are the top cause of preventable death, particularly among children under the age of five in developing countries like Ethiopia. Despite the national level of latrine coverage being 61%, diarrhea is responsible for the deaths of half a million children under 5 years annually. Therefore, this study aimed to assess diarrhea and its associated factors among children in open defecation free (ODF) and open defecation (OD) households of Degem district, Oromia, Ethiopia.MethodsA comparative cross-sectional study was conducted within the community, involving 398 participants (200 from open defecation free [ODF] and 198 from open defecation [ODF] households). The selection of study participants from OD and ODF households was done using a multistage sampling approach. Data input was carried out using Epi Data 3.1, while data analysis would be performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26 software, employing appropriate testing methods. Statistical significance and the strength of relationships were assessed using odds ratios with a 95% confidence interval.ResultsThe prevalence of diarrhea among children in open defecation free and open defecation households was 26 and 38%, respectively. Factors such as children who were not vaccinated for rotavirus, mothers or caregivers did not have diarrhea, mothers or caregivers did not wash their hands at critical times, and individuals with poor latrine utilization were significantly associated with diarrhea among children in ODF households. On the other hand, children who were not vaccinated for rotavirus, not received vitamin A supplementation, mothers or caregivers did not wash their hands at critical times, children lacking access to latrines and children whose their families practice open field solid waste disposal were significantly associated with diarrhea among children in open defecation free households.ConclusionThe study results indicated that the prevalence of diarrhea among children under five in open defecation areas was notably higher compared to those residing in open defecation free areas. Consequently, it is imperative for all responsible bodies to focus on evidence-based strategies to combat childhood diarrhea and to ensure child health status.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1480949/fulldiarrheaassociated factorschildrenopen defecationopen defecation freeEthiopia |
| spellingShingle | Demelash Dereje Dejene Hailu Sisay Abebe Debela Tamiru Yazew Fikadu Tolesa Bogalu Abebe Diarrhea and associated factors among under-five children in open defecation free and open defecation rural households of Degem district, Oromia, Ethiopia Frontiers in Public Health diarrhea associated factors children open defecation open defecation free Ethiopia |
| title | Diarrhea and associated factors among under-five children in open defecation free and open defecation rural households of Degem district, Oromia, Ethiopia |
| title_full | Diarrhea and associated factors among under-five children in open defecation free and open defecation rural households of Degem district, Oromia, Ethiopia |
| title_fullStr | Diarrhea and associated factors among under-five children in open defecation free and open defecation rural households of Degem district, Oromia, Ethiopia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Diarrhea and associated factors among under-five children in open defecation free and open defecation rural households of Degem district, Oromia, Ethiopia |
| title_short | Diarrhea and associated factors among under-five children in open defecation free and open defecation rural households of Degem district, Oromia, Ethiopia |
| title_sort | diarrhea and associated factors among under five children in open defecation free and open defecation rural households of degem district oromia ethiopia |
| topic | diarrhea associated factors children open defecation open defecation free Ethiopia |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1480949/full |
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