Cytokine-induced reprogramming of human macrophages toward Alzheimer’s disease-relevant molecular and cellular phenotypes in vitro

Summary: Myeloid cells, including brain-resident microglia and peripheral macrophages, play key roles in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Studying their disease-associated states is limited by the lack of robust in vitro models. Here, we test whether a cytokine mix (inter...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Anna Podleśny-Drabiniok, Carmen Romero-Molina, Tulsi Patel, Wen Yi See, Yiyuan Liu, Edoardo Marcora, Alison M. Goate
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-07-01
Series:Cell Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211124725006801
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850119512504926208
author Anna Podleśny-Drabiniok
Carmen Romero-Molina
Tulsi Patel
Wen Yi See
Yiyuan Liu
Edoardo Marcora
Alison M. Goate
author_facet Anna Podleśny-Drabiniok
Carmen Romero-Molina
Tulsi Patel
Wen Yi See
Yiyuan Liu
Edoardo Marcora
Alison M. Goate
author_sort Anna Podleśny-Drabiniok
collection DOAJ
description Summary: Myeloid cells, including brain-resident microglia and peripheral macrophages, play key roles in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Studying their disease-associated states is limited by the lack of robust in vitro models. Here, we test whether a cytokine mix (interleukin [IL]-4, CSF1, IL-34, and transforming growth factor-β) reprograms human THP-1 macrophages toward AD-relevant phenotypes. This treatment induces significant transcriptomic changes, driving THP-1 macrophages toward a transcriptional state reminiscent of disease-associated microglia and lipid-associated macrophages (LAM), collectively referred to as DLAM. Transcriptome profiling reveals gene expression changes related to oxidative phosphorylation, lysosome function, and lipid metabolism. Single-cell RNA sequencing shows an increased proportion of DLAM clusters in cytokine mix-treated THP-1 macrophages. Functional assays demonstrate alterations in cell motility, phagocytosis, lysosomal activity, and metabolic profiles. These findings provide insights into cytokine-mediated reprogramming of macrophages toward disease-relevant states, highlighting their role in neurodegenerative diseases and potential for therapeutic development.
format Article
id doaj-art-e8f61c4aa13b4fa597d98d2eed86cb9f
institution OA Journals
issn 2211-1247
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Cell Reports
spelling doaj-art-e8f61c4aa13b4fa597d98d2eed86cb9f2025-08-20T02:35:36ZengElsevierCell Reports2211-12472025-07-0144711590910.1016/j.celrep.2025.115909Cytokine-induced reprogramming of human macrophages toward Alzheimer’s disease-relevant molecular and cellular phenotypes in vitroAnna Podleśny-Drabiniok0Carmen Romero-Molina1Tulsi Patel2Wen Yi See3Yiyuan Liu4Edoardo Marcora5Alison M. Goate6Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USARonald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USARonald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USARonald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USARonald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USARonald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Sanford Grossman Interdisciplinary Program In Neural Circuitry and Immune Function, New York, NY 10029, USA; Corresponding authorRonald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Sanford Grossman Interdisciplinary Program In Neural Circuitry and Immune Function, New York, NY 10029, USA; Corresponding authorSummary: Myeloid cells, including brain-resident microglia and peripheral macrophages, play key roles in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Studying their disease-associated states is limited by the lack of robust in vitro models. Here, we test whether a cytokine mix (interleukin [IL]-4, CSF1, IL-34, and transforming growth factor-β) reprograms human THP-1 macrophages toward AD-relevant phenotypes. This treatment induces significant transcriptomic changes, driving THP-1 macrophages toward a transcriptional state reminiscent of disease-associated microglia and lipid-associated macrophages (LAM), collectively referred to as DLAM. Transcriptome profiling reveals gene expression changes related to oxidative phosphorylation, lysosome function, and lipid metabolism. Single-cell RNA sequencing shows an increased proportion of DLAM clusters in cytokine mix-treated THP-1 macrophages. Functional assays demonstrate alterations in cell motility, phagocytosis, lysosomal activity, and metabolic profiles. These findings provide insights into cytokine-mediated reprogramming of macrophages toward disease-relevant states, highlighting their role in neurodegenerative diseases and potential for therapeutic development.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211124725006801CP: NeuroscienceCP: Immunology
spellingShingle Anna Podleśny-Drabiniok
Carmen Romero-Molina
Tulsi Patel
Wen Yi See
Yiyuan Liu
Edoardo Marcora
Alison M. Goate
Cytokine-induced reprogramming of human macrophages toward Alzheimer’s disease-relevant molecular and cellular phenotypes in vitro
Cell Reports
CP: Neuroscience
CP: Immunology
title Cytokine-induced reprogramming of human macrophages toward Alzheimer’s disease-relevant molecular and cellular phenotypes in vitro
title_full Cytokine-induced reprogramming of human macrophages toward Alzheimer’s disease-relevant molecular and cellular phenotypes in vitro
title_fullStr Cytokine-induced reprogramming of human macrophages toward Alzheimer’s disease-relevant molecular and cellular phenotypes in vitro
title_full_unstemmed Cytokine-induced reprogramming of human macrophages toward Alzheimer’s disease-relevant molecular and cellular phenotypes in vitro
title_short Cytokine-induced reprogramming of human macrophages toward Alzheimer’s disease-relevant molecular and cellular phenotypes in vitro
title_sort cytokine induced reprogramming of human macrophages toward alzheimer s disease relevant molecular and cellular phenotypes in vitro
topic CP: Neuroscience
CP: Immunology
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211124725006801
work_keys_str_mv AT annapodlesnydrabiniok cytokineinducedreprogrammingofhumanmacrophagestowardalzheimersdiseaserelevantmolecularandcellularphenotypesinvitro
AT carmenromeromolina cytokineinducedreprogrammingofhumanmacrophagestowardalzheimersdiseaserelevantmolecularandcellularphenotypesinvitro
AT tulsipatel cytokineinducedreprogrammingofhumanmacrophagestowardalzheimersdiseaserelevantmolecularandcellularphenotypesinvitro
AT wenyisee cytokineinducedreprogrammingofhumanmacrophagestowardalzheimersdiseaserelevantmolecularandcellularphenotypesinvitro
AT yiyuanliu cytokineinducedreprogrammingofhumanmacrophagestowardalzheimersdiseaserelevantmolecularandcellularphenotypesinvitro
AT edoardomarcora cytokineinducedreprogrammingofhumanmacrophagestowardalzheimersdiseaserelevantmolecularandcellularphenotypesinvitro
AT alisonmgoate cytokineinducedreprogrammingofhumanmacrophagestowardalzheimersdiseaserelevantmolecularandcellularphenotypesinvitro