Cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen is correlated to treatment effect of electroconvulsive therapy in patients with depression

Background: Neurobiological understanding of the antidepressant mechanisms of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is important to advance the treatment. ECT may work by improving depression-related alterations in the cerebral oxygen metabolism. Methods: 21 in-patients with depression treated with an ECT...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Christoffer Cramer Lundsgaard, André Beyer Mathiassen, Henrik Bo Wiberg Larsson, Poul Videbech, Krzysztof Gbyl, Mark Bitsch Vestergaard
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-09-01
Series:Brain Stimulation
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1935861X25002736
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849765529495011328
author Christoffer Cramer Lundsgaard
André Beyer Mathiassen
Henrik Bo Wiberg Larsson
Poul Videbech
Krzysztof Gbyl
Mark Bitsch Vestergaard
author_facet Christoffer Cramer Lundsgaard
André Beyer Mathiassen
Henrik Bo Wiberg Larsson
Poul Videbech
Krzysztof Gbyl
Mark Bitsch Vestergaard
author_sort Christoffer Cramer Lundsgaard
collection DOAJ
description Background: Neurobiological understanding of the antidepressant mechanisms of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is important to advance the treatment. ECT may work by improving depression-related alterations in the cerebral oxygen metabolism. Methods: 21 in-patients with depression treated with an ECT series were examined 1) within two days before, and 2) a few days (median = 4 days) after the last ECT session. Depression severity was assessed by the six-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS-6). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to measure 1) global cerebral blood flow (CBF) by phase contrast mapping technique and 2) global cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) by measuring cerebral extraction of oxygen (A-V.O2) using susceptibility-based oximetry. Statistical analyses were performed using multiple linear regression, adjusting for age and gender. Results: ECT relieved depressive symptoms from HDRS-6 = 13.9 to 5.2 (p < 0.001), as expected. A larger increase in CMRO2 after ECT was correlated with a better treatment effect (0.5 % reduction in HDRS-6 per 1 % increase in CMRO2, adjusted R2 = 0.24, p = 0.026). The effect was driven by both higher A-V.O2 and increased CBF. Before ECT, an abnormal decoupling between CMRO2 and CBF was observed, which was normalized after the treatment (adjusted R2 = 0.17, p = 0.03). Conclusions: The treatment effect of ECT for depression was associated with increased CMRO2. Furthermore, ECT restored the normal coupling between CBF and CMRO2. The results suggest that the cerebral oxygen metabolism may be abnormally altered in patients with depression and ECT restores such dysfunction.
format Article
id doaj-art-e8eb6393a68d48abb033a94dac070175
institution DOAJ
issn 1935-861X
language English
publishDate 2025-09-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Brain Stimulation
spelling doaj-art-e8eb6393a68d48abb033a94dac0701752025-08-20T03:04:50ZengElsevierBrain Stimulation1935-861X2025-09-011851470147810.1016/j.brs.2025.07.005Cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen is correlated to treatment effect of electroconvulsive therapy in patients with depressionChristoffer Cramer Lundsgaard0André Beyer Mathiassen1Henrik Bo Wiberg Larsson2Poul Videbech3Krzysztof Gbyl4Mark Bitsch Vestergaard5Center for Neuropsychiatric Depression Research, Mental Health Center Glostrup, Copenhagen University Hospital – Mental Health Services CPH, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Corresponding author. Center for Neuropsychiatric Depression Research, Mental Health Center Glostrup, Nordstjernevej 41, 2600 Glostrup, Denmark.Center for Neuropsychiatric Depression Research, Mental Health Center Glostrup, Copenhagen University Hospital – Mental Health Services CPH, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, DenmarkDepartment of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Functional Imaging Unit, Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital – Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, DenmarkCenter for Neuropsychiatric Depression Research, Mental Health Center Glostrup, Copenhagen University Hospital – Mental Health Services CPH, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, DenmarkCenter for Neuropsychiatric Depression Research, Mental Health Center Glostrup, Copenhagen University Hospital – Mental Health Services CPH, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, DenmarkFunctional Imaging Unit, Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital – Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Corresponding author. Functional Imaging Unit, Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, 2600 Glostrup, Denmark.Background: Neurobiological understanding of the antidepressant mechanisms of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is important to advance the treatment. ECT may work by improving depression-related alterations in the cerebral oxygen metabolism. Methods: 21 in-patients with depression treated with an ECT series were examined 1) within two days before, and 2) a few days (median = 4 days) after the last ECT session. Depression severity was assessed by the six-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS-6). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to measure 1) global cerebral blood flow (CBF) by phase contrast mapping technique and 2) global cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) by measuring cerebral extraction of oxygen (A-V.O2) using susceptibility-based oximetry. Statistical analyses were performed using multiple linear regression, adjusting for age and gender. Results: ECT relieved depressive symptoms from HDRS-6 = 13.9 to 5.2 (p < 0.001), as expected. A larger increase in CMRO2 after ECT was correlated with a better treatment effect (0.5 % reduction in HDRS-6 per 1 % increase in CMRO2, adjusted R2 = 0.24, p = 0.026). The effect was driven by both higher A-V.O2 and increased CBF. Before ECT, an abnormal decoupling between CMRO2 and CBF was observed, which was normalized after the treatment (adjusted R2 = 0.17, p = 0.03). Conclusions: The treatment effect of ECT for depression was associated with increased CMRO2. Furthermore, ECT restored the normal coupling between CBF and CMRO2. The results suggest that the cerebral oxygen metabolism may be abnormally altered in patients with depression and ECT restores such dysfunction.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1935861X25002736Electroconvulsive therapyMajor depressive disorderCerebral metabolic rate of oxygenCerebral blood flowCerebral oxygen extractionMRI
spellingShingle Christoffer Cramer Lundsgaard
André Beyer Mathiassen
Henrik Bo Wiberg Larsson
Poul Videbech
Krzysztof Gbyl
Mark Bitsch Vestergaard
Cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen is correlated to treatment effect of electroconvulsive therapy in patients with depression
Brain Stimulation
Electroconvulsive therapy
Major depressive disorder
Cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen
Cerebral blood flow
Cerebral oxygen extraction
MRI
title Cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen is correlated to treatment effect of electroconvulsive therapy in patients with depression
title_full Cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen is correlated to treatment effect of electroconvulsive therapy in patients with depression
title_fullStr Cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen is correlated to treatment effect of electroconvulsive therapy in patients with depression
title_full_unstemmed Cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen is correlated to treatment effect of electroconvulsive therapy in patients with depression
title_short Cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen is correlated to treatment effect of electroconvulsive therapy in patients with depression
title_sort cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen is correlated to treatment effect of electroconvulsive therapy in patients with depression
topic Electroconvulsive therapy
Major depressive disorder
Cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen
Cerebral blood flow
Cerebral oxygen extraction
MRI
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1935861X25002736
work_keys_str_mv AT christoffercramerlundsgaard cerebralmetabolicrateofoxygeniscorrelatedtotreatmenteffectofelectroconvulsivetherapyinpatientswithdepression
AT andrebeyermathiassen cerebralmetabolicrateofoxygeniscorrelatedtotreatmenteffectofelectroconvulsivetherapyinpatientswithdepression
AT henrikbowiberglarsson cerebralmetabolicrateofoxygeniscorrelatedtotreatmenteffectofelectroconvulsivetherapyinpatientswithdepression
AT poulvidebech cerebralmetabolicrateofoxygeniscorrelatedtotreatmenteffectofelectroconvulsivetherapyinpatientswithdepression
AT krzysztofgbyl cerebralmetabolicrateofoxygeniscorrelatedtotreatmenteffectofelectroconvulsivetherapyinpatientswithdepression
AT markbitschvestergaard cerebralmetabolicrateofoxygeniscorrelatedtotreatmenteffectofelectroconvulsivetherapyinpatientswithdepression