Enhancement of Optoelectronic Properties of Multicrystalline Silicon Using Al-NPs and SiN<sub>x</sub> Layer

In this study, we investigated and compared the influence of alumina nanoparticles (Al-NPs) and silicon nitride (SiN<sub>x</sub>) layers individually deposited on multi-crystalline silicon (mc-Si) on mc-Si’s structural, optical, and optoelectronic characteristics to improve surface quali...

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Main Authors: Mohamed Ben Rabha, Ameny El Haj, Achref Mannai, Karim Choubani, Mohammed A. Almeshaal, Wissem Dimassi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:Crystals
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/15/4/381
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author Mohamed Ben Rabha
Ameny El Haj
Achref Mannai
Karim Choubani
Mohammed A. Almeshaal
Wissem Dimassi
author_facet Mohamed Ben Rabha
Ameny El Haj
Achref Mannai
Karim Choubani
Mohammed A. Almeshaal
Wissem Dimassi
author_sort Mohamed Ben Rabha
collection DOAJ
description In this study, we investigated and compared the influence of alumina nanoparticles (Al-NPs) and silicon nitride (SiN<sub>x</sub>) layers individually deposited on multi-crystalline silicon (mc-Si) on mc-Si’s structural, optical, and optoelectronic characteristics to improve surface quality. Alumina nanoparticle-covered multi-crystalline silicon, immersion in HF/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>/HNO<sub>3</sub>, and porous silicon (PS) covered with a silicon nitride structure are key components in achieving high electronic quality in multi-crystalline silicon. Surface reflectivity decreased from 27% to a minimum value of 2% for alumina nanoparticles/PS and a minimum value of 5% for silicon nitride/PS at a wavelength of 930 nm. Meanwhile, the minority carrier diffusion length increased from 2 µm to 300 µm for porous silicon combined with silicon nitride and to 100 µm for alumina nanoparticles/porous silicon. Two-dimensional current mapping further demonstrated a considerable enhancement in the generated current, rising from 2.8 nA for untreated mc-Si to 34 nA for Al-NPs/PS and 66 nA for PS/SiN<sub>x</sub>. These results confirm that the surface passivation of mc-Si using Al-NPs or PS combined with SiN<sub>x</sub> is a promising and efficient method to improve the electrical quality of mc-Si wafers, contributing to the development of high-performance mc-Si-based solar cells.
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spelling doaj-art-e8d96d1ea6c54779985e705e22e76c802025-08-20T03:13:46ZengMDPI AGCrystals2073-43522025-04-0115438110.3390/cryst15040381Enhancement of Optoelectronic Properties of Multicrystalline Silicon Using Al-NPs and SiN<sub>x</sub> LayerMohamed Ben Rabha0Ameny El Haj1Achref Mannai2Karim Choubani3Mohammed A. Almeshaal4Wissem Dimassi5Laboratoire de Nanomatériaux et Systèmes pour Énergies Renouvelables, Centre de Recherches et des Technologies de l’Énergie, Technopôle de Borj-Cédria, BP 95 Hammam-Lif, Tunis 2050, TunisiaLaboratoire de Nanomatériaux et Systèmes pour Énergies Renouvelables, Centre de Recherches et des Technologies de l’Énergie, Technopôle de Borj-Cédria, BP 95 Hammam-Lif, Tunis 2050, TunisiaLaboratoire de Nanomatériaux et Systèmes pour Énergies Renouvelables, Centre de Recherches et des Technologies de l’Énergie, Technopôle de Borj-Cédria, BP 95 Hammam-Lif, Tunis 2050, TunisiaCollege of Engineering, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11432, Saudi ArabiaCollege of Engineering, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11432, Saudi ArabiaLaboratoire de Nanomatériaux et Systèmes pour Énergies Renouvelables, Centre de Recherches et des Technologies de l’Énergie, Technopôle de Borj-Cédria, BP 95 Hammam-Lif, Tunis 2050, TunisiaIn this study, we investigated and compared the influence of alumina nanoparticles (Al-NPs) and silicon nitride (SiN<sub>x</sub>) layers individually deposited on multi-crystalline silicon (mc-Si) on mc-Si’s structural, optical, and optoelectronic characteristics to improve surface quality. Alumina nanoparticle-covered multi-crystalline silicon, immersion in HF/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>/HNO<sub>3</sub>, and porous silicon (PS) covered with a silicon nitride structure are key components in achieving high electronic quality in multi-crystalline silicon. Surface reflectivity decreased from 27% to a minimum value of 2% for alumina nanoparticles/PS and a minimum value of 5% for silicon nitride/PS at a wavelength of 930 nm. Meanwhile, the minority carrier diffusion length increased from 2 µm to 300 µm for porous silicon combined with silicon nitride and to 100 µm for alumina nanoparticles/porous silicon. Two-dimensional current mapping further demonstrated a considerable enhancement in the generated current, rising from 2.8 nA for untreated mc-Si to 34 nA for Al-NPs/PS and 66 nA for PS/SiN<sub>x</sub>. These results confirm that the surface passivation of mc-Si using Al-NPs or PS combined with SiN<sub>x</sub> is a promising and efficient method to improve the electrical quality of mc-Si wafers, contributing to the development of high-performance mc-Si-based solar cells.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/15/4/381multi-crystalline siliconporous siliconalumina nanoparticlessilicon nitridetwo-dimensional produced currentdiffusion length
spellingShingle Mohamed Ben Rabha
Ameny El Haj
Achref Mannai
Karim Choubani
Mohammed A. Almeshaal
Wissem Dimassi
Enhancement of Optoelectronic Properties of Multicrystalline Silicon Using Al-NPs and SiN<sub>x</sub> Layer
Crystals
multi-crystalline silicon
porous silicon
alumina nanoparticles
silicon nitride
two-dimensional produced current
diffusion length
title Enhancement of Optoelectronic Properties of Multicrystalline Silicon Using Al-NPs and SiN<sub>x</sub> Layer
title_full Enhancement of Optoelectronic Properties of Multicrystalline Silicon Using Al-NPs and SiN<sub>x</sub> Layer
title_fullStr Enhancement of Optoelectronic Properties of Multicrystalline Silicon Using Al-NPs and SiN<sub>x</sub> Layer
title_full_unstemmed Enhancement of Optoelectronic Properties of Multicrystalline Silicon Using Al-NPs and SiN<sub>x</sub> Layer
title_short Enhancement of Optoelectronic Properties of Multicrystalline Silicon Using Al-NPs and SiN<sub>x</sub> Layer
title_sort enhancement of optoelectronic properties of multicrystalline silicon using al nps and sin sub x sub layer
topic multi-crystalline silicon
porous silicon
alumina nanoparticles
silicon nitride
two-dimensional produced current
diffusion length
url https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/15/4/381
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