Association of a newly proposed dietary index for gut microbiota with phenotypic age acceleration: a cross-sectional study of NHANES 1999–2018
Abstract Background Aging is closely linked to chronic diseases, and gut microbiota plays a significant role in this process. The Dietary Index for Gut Microbiota (DI-GM), a novel tool reflecting the potential impact of diet on gut microbiota diversity, has an unclear association with biological agi...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2025-07-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-025-01007-w |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849332951644372992 |
|---|---|
| author | Boming Xu Yingxuan Huang Yilin Zeng Peizhong Chen Yubin Wang Xiaoqiang Liu |
| author_facet | Boming Xu Yingxuan Huang Yilin Zeng Peizhong Chen Yubin Wang Xiaoqiang Liu |
| author_sort | Boming Xu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Aging is closely linked to chronic diseases, and gut microbiota plays a significant role in this process. The Dietary Index for Gut Microbiota (DI-GM), a novel tool reflecting the potential impact of diet on gut microbiota diversity, has an unclear association with biological aging. This study aimed to evaluate the association between DI-GM and phenotypic age acceleration (PAA), revealing the potential regulatory effect of diet on aging. Methods Data from 29,435 participants in NHANES 1999–2018 were analyzed using multivariable regression models to assess the association between DI-GM scores and PAA. Phenotypic age was estimated from 10 physiological indicators, with PAA defined as a positive age acceleration residual (ACR). DI-GM was constructed from 14 dietary components; higher scores indicate greater potential benefits to gut microbiota. Results Higher DI-GM scores were significantly associated with a lower risk of PAA. After adjusting for covariates, each 1-point increase in DI-GM was linked to a 7% reduction in PAA risk (OR = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.91–0.95, P < 0.001) and a decrease of 0.33 in ACR (β = -0.33, 95% CI = -0.39 to -0.26, P < 0.001). Subgroup and sensitivity analyses confirmed these findings. Conclusions Higher DI-GM scores are significantly associated with reduced phenotypic age acceleration. Dietary improvements that promote gut microbiota health may effectively delay aging, providing scientific evidence for dietary interventions aimed at healthy aging. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e8d5352963714a8ca153fb0f960ec625 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2072-1315 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj-art-e8d5352963714a8ca153fb0f960ec6252025-08-20T03:46:03ZengBMCJournal of Health, Population and Nutrition2072-13152025-07-0144111110.1186/s41043-025-01007-wAssociation of a newly proposed dietary index for gut microbiota with phenotypic age acceleration: a cross-sectional study of NHANES 1999–2018Boming Xu0Yingxuan Huang1Yilin Zeng2Peizhong Chen3Yubin Wang4Xiaoqiang Liu5Department of Gastroenterology, First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical UniversityDepartment of Gastroenterology, First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical UniversityDepartment of Gastroenterology, First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical UniversityDepartment of Gastroenterology, First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical UniversityDepartment of Gastroenterology, First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical UniversityDepartment of Gastroenterology, First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical UniversityAbstract Background Aging is closely linked to chronic diseases, and gut microbiota plays a significant role in this process. The Dietary Index for Gut Microbiota (DI-GM), a novel tool reflecting the potential impact of diet on gut microbiota diversity, has an unclear association with biological aging. This study aimed to evaluate the association between DI-GM and phenotypic age acceleration (PAA), revealing the potential regulatory effect of diet on aging. Methods Data from 29,435 participants in NHANES 1999–2018 were analyzed using multivariable regression models to assess the association between DI-GM scores and PAA. Phenotypic age was estimated from 10 physiological indicators, with PAA defined as a positive age acceleration residual (ACR). DI-GM was constructed from 14 dietary components; higher scores indicate greater potential benefits to gut microbiota. Results Higher DI-GM scores were significantly associated with a lower risk of PAA. After adjusting for covariates, each 1-point increase in DI-GM was linked to a 7% reduction in PAA risk (OR = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.91–0.95, P < 0.001) and a decrease of 0.33 in ACR (β = -0.33, 95% CI = -0.39 to -0.26, P < 0.001). Subgroup and sensitivity analyses confirmed these findings. Conclusions Higher DI-GM scores are significantly associated with reduced phenotypic age acceleration. Dietary improvements that promote gut microbiota health may effectively delay aging, providing scientific evidence for dietary interventions aimed at healthy aging.https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-025-01007-wPhenotypic age acceleration (PAA)Dietary index for gut microbiota (DI-GM)AgingDietGut microbiotaNHANES |
| spellingShingle | Boming Xu Yingxuan Huang Yilin Zeng Peizhong Chen Yubin Wang Xiaoqiang Liu Association of a newly proposed dietary index for gut microbiota with phenotypic age acceleration: a cross-sectional study of NHANES 1999–2018 Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition Phenotypic age acceleration (PAA) Dietary index for gut microbiota (DI-GM) Aging Diet Gut microbiota NHANES |
| title | Association of a newly proposed dietary index for gut microbiota with phenotypic age acceleration: a cross-sectional study of NHANES 1999–2018 |
| title_full | Association of a newly proposed dietary index for gut microbiota with phenotypic age acceleration: a cross-sectional study of NHANES 1999–2018 |
| title_fullStr | Association of a newly proposed dietary index for gut microbiota with phenotypic age acceleration: a cross-sectional study of NHANES 1999–2018 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association of a newly proposed dietary index for gut microbiota with phenotypic age acceleration: a cross-sectional study of NHANES 1999–2018 |
| title_short | Association of a newly proposed dietary index for gut microbiota with phenotypic age acceleration: a cross-sectional study of NHANES 1999–2018 |
| title_sort | association of a newly proposed dietary index for gut microbiota with phenotypic age acceleration a cross sectional study of nhanes 1999 2018 |
| topic | Phenotypic age acceleration (PAA) Dietary index for gut microbiota (DI-GM) Aging Diet Gut microbiota NHANES |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-025-01007-w |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT bomingxu associationofanewlyproposeddietaryindexforgutmicrobiotawithphenotypicageaccelerationacrosssectionalstudyofnhanes19992018 AT yingxuanhuang associationofanewlyproposeddietaryindexforgutmicrobiotawithphenotypicageaccelerationacrosssectionalstudyofnhanes19992018 AT yilinzeng associationofanewlyproposeddietaryindexforgutmicrobiotawithphenotypicageaccelerationacrosssectionalstudyofnhanes19992018 AT peizhongchen associationofanewlyproposeddietaryindexforgutmicrobiotawithphenotypicageaccelerationacrosssectionalstudyofnhanes19992018 AT yubinwang associationofanewlyproposeddietaryindexforgutmicrobiotawithphenotypicageaccelerationacrosssectionalstudyofnhanes19992018 AT xiaoqiangliu associationofanewlyproposeddietaryindexforgutmicrobiotawithphenotypicageaccelerationacrosssectionalstudyofnhanes19992018 |