Examining the social distributions in neighbourhood black carbon and ultrafine particles in Montreal and Toronto, Canada

Examining the social distributions in neighbourhood black carbon and ultrafine particles in Montreal and Toronto, Canada

Background: Socioeconomic inequities in outdoor ultrafine particles (UFP) and black carbon (BC) are understudied in Canada, where metropoles like Montreal and Toronto feature distinct sociodemographic diversity and urban characteristics compared to U.S. cities. Methods: We collected vulnerability in...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Emmanuelle Batisse, Marshall Lloyd, Alicia Cavanaugh, Arman Ganji, Junshi Xu, Marianne Hatzopoulou, Jill Baumgartner, Scott Weichenthal
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-04-01
Series:Environment International
Subjects:
Environmental justice
Air pollution
Vulnerability
Ultrafine particles
Black carbon
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412025001461
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