Species loss in key habitats accelerates regional food web disruption

Abstract Understanding the robustness of ecological networks against sustained species losses is paramount to devising effective biodiversity conservation strategies. To explore the impacts of species losses on network robustness (the capacity of food webs to withstand primary extinctions), we used...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Merin Reji Chacko, Camille Albouy, Florian Altermatt, Victor Boussange, Martin Brändle, Nina Farwig, Martin M. Gossner, Hsi-Cheng Ho, Alain Joss, Felix Neff, Loïc Pellissier
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Communications Biology
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-025-08396-y
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849334433199423488
author Merin Reji Chacko
Camille Albouy
Florian Altermatt
Victor Boussange
Martin Brändle
Nina Farwig
Martin M. Gossner
Hsi-Cheng Ho
Alain Joss
Felix Neff
Loïc Pellissier
author_facet Merin Reji Chacko
Camille Albouy
Florian Altermatt
Victor Boussange
Martin Brändle
Nina Farwig
Martin M. Gossner
Hsi-Cheng Ho
Alain Joss
Felix Neff
Loïc Pellissier
author_sort Merin Reji Chacko
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Understanding the robustness of ecological networks against sustained species losses is paramount to devising effective biodiversity conservation strategies. To explore the impacts of species losses on network robustness (the capacity of food webs to withstand primary extinctions), we used a trophic metaweb of 7808 vertebrates, invertebrates and plants and 281,023 interactions across Switzerland. We inferred twelve regional multi-habitat food webs and simulated non-random species extinction scenarios on these webs, focusing on broad habitat types and regional species abundances. Here, we show that targeted removal of species associated with specific habitat types, particularly wetlands, resulted in greater network fragmentation and accelerated network collapse compared to random species removals. Networks were more vulnerable to the initial loss of common rather than rare species. These findings underscore the critical need for integrated conservation strategies maintaining a diverse mosaic of habitats in a landscape to mitigate the cascading effects of species loss.
format Article
id doaj-art-e8be7c4823ae46f996e8fe852b8ac85f
institution Kabale University
issn 2399-3642
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Communications Biology
spelling doaj-art-e8be7c4823ae46f996e8fe852b8ac85f2025-08-20T03:45:34ZengNature PortfolioCommunications Biology2399-36422025-07-018111410.1038/s42003-025-08396-ySpecies loss in key habitats accelerates regional food web disruptionMerin Reji Chacko0Camille Albouy1Florian Altermatt2Victor Boussange3Martin Brändle4Nina Farwig5Martin M. Gossner6Hsi-Cheng Ho7Alain Joss8Felix Neff9Loïc Pellissier10Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH ZürichInstitute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH ZürichDepartment of Aquatic Ecology, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and TechnologyLand Change Science Unit, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSLDepartment of Animal Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of MarburgDepartment of Biology, Conservation Ecology, University of MarburgInstitute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH ZürichInstitute of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, National Taiwan UniversityLand Change Science Unit, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSLForest Entomology, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSLInstitute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH ZürichAbstract Understanding the robustness of ecological networks against sustained species losses is paramount to devising effective biodiversity conservation strategies. To explore the impacts of species losses on network robustness (the capacity of food webs to withstand primary extinctions), we used a trophic metaweb of 7808 vertebrates, invertebrates and plants and 281,023 interactions across Switzerland. We inferred twelve regional multi-habitat food webs and simulated non-random species extinction scenarios on these webs, focusing on broad habitat types and regional species abundances. Here, we show that targeted removal of species associated with specific habitat types, particularly wetlands, resulted in greater network fragmentation and accelerated network collapse compared to random species removals. Networks were more vulnerable to the initial loss of common rather than rare species. These findings underscore the critical need for integrated conservation strategies maintaining a diverse mosaic of habitats in a landscape to mitigate the cascading effects of species loss.https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-025-08396-y
spellingShingle Merin Reji Chacko
Camille Albouy
Florian Altermatt
Victor Boussange
Martin Brändle
Nina Farwig
Martin M. Gossner
Hsi-Cheng Ho
Alain Joss
Felix Neff
Loïc Pellissier
Species loss in key habitats accelerates regional food web disruption
Communications Biology
title Species loss in key habitats accelerates regional food web disruption
title_full Species loss in key habitats accelerates regional food web disruption
title_fullStr Species loss in key habitats accelerates regional food web disruption
title_full_unstemmed Species loss in key habitats accelerates regional food web disruption
title_short Species loss in key habitats accelerates regional food web disruption
title_sort species loss in key habitats accelerates regional food web disruption
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-025-08396-y
work_keys_str_mv AT merinrejichacko specieslossinkeyhabitatsacceleratesregionalfoodwebdisruption
AT camillealbouy specieslossinkeyhabitatsacceleratesregionalfoodwebdisruption
AT florianaltermatt specieslossinkeyhabitatsacceleratesregionalfoodwebdisruption
AT victorboussange specieslossinkeyhabitatsacceleratesregionalfoodwebdisruption
AT martinbrandle specieslossinkeyhabitatsacceleratesregionalfoodwebdisruption
AT ninafarwig specieslossinkeyhabitatsacceleratesregionalfoodwebdisruption
AT martinmgossner specieslossinkeyhabitatsacceleratesregionalfoodwebdisruption
AT hsichengho specieslossinkeyhabitatsacceleratesregionalfoodwebdisruption
AT alainjoss specieslossinkeyhabitatsacceleratesregionalfoodwebdisruption
AT felixneff specieslossinkeyhabitatsacceleratesregionalfoodwebdisruption
AT loicpellissier specieslossinkeyhabitatsacceleratesregionalfoodwebdisruption