Assessing urban thermal field variance and surface urban heat island effects. An Ecological Study in Malakand Division, Pakistan
This study examines the ecological and thermal impacts of urbanization in Malakand Division, Pakistan, from 2003 to 2023, focusing on the Surface Urban Heat Island (SUHI) effect and human thermal comfort (HTC). Using multi-temporal Landsat (5 and 8) imagery, Land Surface Temperature (LST) data, and...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Editura Univeristatii "Stefan cel Mare" din Suceava
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Georeview |
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| Online Access: | https://georeview.usv.ro/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Article.5-Vol.34-2.pdf |
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| author | Imtiaz AHMAD Wang PING Abdur RAZZAQ Bilal Jan Haji MUHAMMAD Wajid ALI |
| author_facet | Imtiaz AHMAD Wang PING Abdur RAZZAQ Bilal Jan Haji MUHAMMAD Wajid ALI |
| author_sort | Imtiaz AHMAD |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study examines the ecological and thermal impacts of urbanization in Malakand Division, Pakistan, from 2003 to 2023, focusing on the Surface Urban Heat Island (SUHI) effect and human thermal comfort (HTC). Using multi-temporal Landsat (5 and 8) imagery, Land Surface Temperature (LST) data, and the Urban Thermal Field Variance Index (UTFVI), we analyze urban expansion, land-use changes, and their thermal implications. Results show significant urban growth, with built-up areas increasing from 11,773.5 km² to 12,519.09 km², while vegetative land decreased by 7.5%. The average LST rose by 3.67°C, and UHI intensity increased from 15.96% in 2003 to 19.08% in 2023. Spatial analysis highlights higher LST and UTFVI values in urbanized and transition zones, indicating worsening thermal conditions. These findings underscore the need for sustainable urban planning to mitigate UHI effects, enhance HTC, and promote green space development. This research provides critical insights for urban planners and policymakers in Malakand Division and other rapidly urbanizing regions |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e8ac49fa5e7540dc993eb348702423e9 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2343-7391 2343-7405 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Editura Univeristatii "Stefan cel Mare" din Suceava |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Georeview |
| spelling | doaj-art-e8ac49fa5e7540dc993eb348702423e92025-08-20T03:13:08ZengEditura Univeristatii "Stefan cel Mare" din SuceavaGeoreview2343-73912343-74052024-12-01342618810.4316/GEOREVIEW.2024.02.05Assessing urban thermal field variance and surface urban heat island effects. An Ecological Study in Malakand Division, PakistanImtiaz AHMAD0Wang PING1Abdur RAZZAQ2Bilal Jan Haji MUHAMMAD3Wajid ALI4Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security in Changbai Mountains, Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, ChinaKey Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security in Changbai Mountains, Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, ChinaSchool of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, ChinaKey Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security in Changbai Mountains, Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, ChinaSchool of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, ChinaThis study examines the ecological and thermal impacts of urbanization in Malakand Division, Pakistan, from 2003 to 2023, focusing on the Surface Urban Heat Island (SUHI) effect and human thermal comfort (HTC). Using multi-temporal Landsat (5 and 8) imagery, Land Surface Temperature (LST) data, and the Urban Thermal Field Variance Index (UTFVI), we analyze urban expansion, land-use changes, and their thermal implications. Results show significant urban growth, with built-up areas increasing from 11,773.5 km² to 12,519.09 km², while vegetative land decreased by 7.5%. The average LST rose by 3.67°C, and UHI intensity increased from 15.96% in 2003 to 19.08% in 2023. Spatial analysis highlights higher LST and UTFVI values in urbanized and transition zones, indicating worsening thermal conditions. These findings underscore the need for sustainable urban planning to mitigate UHI effects, enhance HTC, and promote green space development. This research provides critical insights for urban planners and policymakers in Malakand Division and other rapidly urbanizing regionshttps://georeview.usv.ro/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Article.5-Vol.34-2.pdfecological monitoringlstuhiutfvihuman thermal comfort |
| spellingShingle | Imtiaz AHMAD Wang PING Abdur RAZZAQ Bilal Jan Haji MUHAMMAD Wajid ALI Assessing urban thermal field variance and surface urban heat island effects. An Ecological Study in Malakand Division, Pakistan Georeview ecological monitoring lst uhi utfvi human thermal comfort |
| title | Assessing urban thermal field variance and surface urban heat island effects. An Ecological Study in Malakand Division, Pakistan |
| title_full | Assessing urban thermal field variance and surface urban heat island effects. An Ecological Study in Malakand Division, Pakistan |
| title_fullStr | Assessing urban thermal field variance and surface urban heat island effects. An Ecological Study in Malakand Division, Pakistan |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessing urban thermal field variance and surface urban heat island effects. An Ecological Study in Malakand Division, Pakistan |
| title_short | Assessing urban thermal field variance and surface urban heat island effects. An Ecological Study in Malakand Division, Pakistan |
| title_sort | assessing urban thermal field variance and surface urban heat island effects an ecological study in malakand division pakistan |
| topic | ecological monitoring lst uhi utfvi human thermal comfort |
| url | https://georeview.usv.ro/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Article.5-Vol.34-2.pdf |
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