Harnessing solar drying for starter cultures: A novel approach to backslopping fermentation

Solar drying is a cost-effective and sustainable method for the preservation of food and food ingredient, particularly in West Africa. In this study, a locally constructed solar dryer was used to assess and model the drying kinetics of a previously developed backslop culture, while also evaluating i...

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Main Authors: Marcel Houngbédji, Donan Bangbadé, D. Sylvain Dabadé, Schadrac D. Agossevi, B. Pélagie Agbobatinkpo, S. Wilfrid Padonou, Joseph Dossou, Paulin Azokpota, D. Joseph Hounhouigan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-06-01
Series:Applied Food Research
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772502225003324
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author Marcel Houngbédji
Donan Bangbadé
D. Sylvain Dabadé
Schadrac D. Agossevi
B. Pélagie Agbobatinkpo
S. Wilfrid Padonou
Joseph Dossou
Paulin Azokpota
D. Joseph Hounhouigan
author_facet Marcel Houngbédji
Donan Bangbadé
D. Sylvain Dabadé
Schadrac D. Agossevi
B. Pélagie Agbobatinkpo
S. Wilfrid Padonou
Joseph Dossou
Paulin Azokpota
D. Joseph Hounhouigan
author_sort Marcel Houngbédji
collection DOAJ
description Solar drying is a cost-effective and sustainable method for the preservation of food and food ingredient, particularly in West Africa. In this study, a locally constructed solar dryer was used to assess and model the drying kinetics of a previously developed backslop culture, while also evaluating its effectiveness in cereal fermentation. The solar drying system significantly induced a temperature gradient between outside and inside the drying chamber, enhancing inside temperature to 45.6 – 59.8 °C during the 5 h drying process, while the outside temperature ranged from 30 – 33 °C. Significant reduction of the moisture content of the backslop culture was observed, dropping from 52.3 ± 0.5 at the onset (0 h) to 9.2 ± 0.7 % at the end of the drying process. The final water activity of the dried culture was 0.17 ± 0.03, ensuring satisfactory survival of lactic acid bacteria (97.42 ± 0.15 % of viability) and yeast (81.05 ± 7.06 % of viability). The drying kinetic patterns showed consistent fit with Midili-Kucuk model with high reliable predictivity (R2 = 0.998) and least bias (Root Mean Square Error = 0.016), demonstrating the suitability of solar drying for small-scale production of starter culture. Similar to oven-dried and freeze-dried cultures for food fermentation, the solar-dried backslop starter culture resulted in desirable acidity and pH levels in subsequent fermented products. This study demonstrates the potential of solar drying as a sustainable, cost-effective alternative to energy-intensive methods like freeze- and oven-drying, while ensuring food safety through controlled fermentation.
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spelling doaj-art-e8a588217d6945c7bbf78daa90a604452025-08-20T02:06:44ZengElsevierApplied Food Research2772-50222025-06-015110102410.1016/j.afres.2025.101024Harnessing solar drying for starter cultures: A novel approach to backslopping fermentationMarcel Houngbédji0Donan Bangbadé1D. Sylvain Dabadé2Schadrac D. Agossevi3B. Pélagie Agbobatinkpo4S. Wilfrid Padonou5Joseph Dossou6Paulin Azokpota7D. Joseph Hounhouigan8Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, Benin; School of Science and Techniques of the Preservation and Processing of Agricultural Products, National University of Agriculture, Sakété, Bénin; Corresponding author.Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, BeninLaboratory of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, BeninLaboratory of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, Benin; Farmer Eco-conception, Dogbo, BeninLaboratory of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, BeninLaboratory of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, Benin; School of Science and Techniques of the Preservation and Processing of Agricultural Products, National University of Agriculture, Sakété, BéninLaboratory of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, BeninLaboratory of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, BeninLaboratory of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, BeninSolar drying is a cost-effective and sustainable method for the preservation of food and food ingredient, particularly in West Africa. In this study, a locally constructed solar dryer was used to assess and model the drying kinetics of a previously developed backslop culture, while also evaluating its effectiveness in cereal fermentation. The solar drying system significantly induced a temperature gradient between outside and inside the drying chamber, enhancing inside temperature to 45.6 – 59.8 °C during the 5 h drying process, while the outside temperature ranged from 30 – 33 °C. Significant reduction of the moisture content of the backslop culture was observed, dropping from 52.3 ± 0.5 at the onset (0 h) to 9.2 ± 0.7 % at the end of the drying process. The final water activity of the dried culture was 0.17 ± 0.03, ensuring satisfactory survival of lactic acid bacteria (97.42 ± 0.15 % of viability) and yeast (81.05 ± 7.06 % of viability). The drying kinetic patterns showed consistent fit with Midili-Kucuk model with high reliable predictivity (R2 = 0.998) and least bias (Root Mean Square Error = 0.016), demonstrating the suitability of solar drying for small-scale production of starter culture. Similar to oven-dried and freeze-dried cultures for food fermentation, the solar-dried backslop starter culture resulted in desirable acidity and pH levels in subsequent fermented products. This study demonstrates the potential of solar drying as a sustainable, cost-effective alternative to energy-intensive methods like freeze- and oven-drying, while ensuring food safety through controlled fermentation.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772502225003324Backslop cultureSolar dryerDrying kinetic modelMicrobial viabilityEnergy-intensive drying
spellingShingle Marcel Houngbédji
Donan Bangbadé
D. Sylvain Dabadé
Schadrac D. Agossevi
B. Pélagie Agbobatinkpo
S. Wilfrid Padonou
Joseph Dossou
Paulin Azokpota
D. Joseph Hounhouigan
Harnessing solar drying for starter cultures: A novel approach to backslopping fermentation
Applied Food Research
Backslop culture
Solar dryer
Drying kinetic model
Microbial viability
Energy-intensive drying
title Harnessing solar drying for starter cultures: A novel approach to backslopping fermentation
title_full Harnessing solar drying for starter cultures: A novel approach to backslopping fermentation
title_fullStr Harnessing solar drying for starter cultures: A novel approach to backslopping fermentation
title_full_unstemmed Harnessing solar drying for starter cultures: A novel approach to backslopping fermentation
title_short Harnessing solar drying for starter cultures: A novel approach to backslopping fermentation
title_sort harnessing solar drying for starter cultures a novel approach to backslopping fermentation
topic Backslop culture
Solar dryer
Drying kinetic model
Microbial viability
Energy-intensive drying
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772502225003324
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