The Relationship between the Depression and Anxiety Stress Survey Questionnaire, Salivary Cortisol and Heart Rate Variability
Introduction: Cortisol and heart rate variability (HRV) represent the activity of physiological stress axes. The depression and anxiety stress survey (DASS-42) is widely used to assess stress. This study examines the correlations between the DASS-42 questionnaire and stress markers, salivary cortis...
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| Format: | Article |
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Tehran University of Medical Sciences
2024-11-01
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| Series: | Journal of Modern Rehabilitation |
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| Online Access: | https://jmr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmr/article/view/1136 |
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| author | Fateme Sangtarash Haniyeh Choobsaz Milad Zarrin Sousan Salari Ehsan Mokari Manshadi Ali Akbar Esmaeili Sayyed Hossein Mozaffari Boshra Hatef |
| author_facet | Fateme Sangtarash Haniyeh Choobsaz Milad Zarrin Sousan Salari Ehsan Mokari Manshadi Ali Akbar Esmaeili Sayyed Hossein Mozaffari Boshra Hatef |
| author_sort | Fateme Sangtarash |
| collection | DOAJ |
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Introduction: Cortisol and heart rate variability (HRV) represent the activity of physiological stress axes. The depression and anxiety stress survey (DASS-42) is widely used to assess stress. This study examines the correlations between the DASS-42 questionnaire and stress markers, salivary cortisol levels and HRV.
Materials and Methods: A total of 195 healthy volunteers (145 males and 50 females) participated in this study. At first, the DASS-42 survey form was completed. The salivary cortisol samples were collected, and the electrocardiograms were recorded. Differences in cortisol levels between baseline and post-trier social stress tests were recorded as changes in cortisol after stress (CCAS). Measurements were made to establish whether the overall DASS and its subscales (stress, anxiety and depression) were correlated with baseline cortisol, CCAS, and HRV indices.
Results: The anxiety-DASS subscale score correlated negatively with the CCAS score in women (r=-0.429, P=0.002). The DASS score was significantly correlated with heart rate (r=0.25, P=0.007) and SD2 of the Poincare plot (r=-0.272, P=0.004) in men. In contrast, women showed significant correlations between total DASS scores with very low-frequency power (r=-0.40, P=0.005) and detrended fluctuation analysis (r=-0.30, P=0.034). The anxiety-DASS subscale correlated with HRV in both genders.
Conclusion: The anxiety-DASS subscale represents the sympathetic-adrenal medulla (SAM) activity. Clinicians can estimate the activity of this stress axis by using the anxiety subscale of the DASS questionnaire. Meanwhile, gender differences should be noted when assessing stress.
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e86e36cad8d6420c9ccb56287dd446a2 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2538-385X 2538-3868 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | Tehran University of Medical Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Modern Rehabilitation |
| spelling | doaj-art-e86e36cad8d6420c9ccb56287dd446a22025-02-09T09:07:28ZengTehran University of Medical SciencesJournal of Modern Rehabilitation2538-385X2538-38682024-11-0119110.18502/jmr.v19i1.17512The Relationship between the Depression and Anxiety Stress Survey Questionnaire, Salivary Cortisol and Heart Rate VariabilityFateme Sangtarash0Haniyeh Choobsaz1Milad Zarrin2Sousan Salari3Ehsan Mokari Manshadi4Ali Akbar Esmaeili5Sayyed Hossein Mozaffari6Boshra Hatef7Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Department of Clinical Psychology, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.Life Style Institute, Behavioral Science Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Cognitive and Behavioral Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Introduction: Cortisol and heart rate variability (HRV) represent the activity of physiological stress axes. The depression and anxiety stress survey (DASS-42) is widely used to assess stress. This study examines the correlations between the DASS-42 questionnaire and stress markers, salivary cortisol levels and HRV. Materials and Methods: A total of 195 healthy volunteers (145 males and 50 females) participated in this study. At first, the DASS-42 survey form was completed. The salivary cortisol samples were collected, and the electrocardiograms were recorded. Differences in cortisol levels between baseline and post-trier social stress tests were recorded as changes in cortisol after stress (CCAS). Measurements were made to establish whether the overall DASS and its subscales (stress, anxiety and depression) were correlated with baseline cortisol, CCAS, and HRV indices. Results: The anxiety-DASS subscale score correlated negatively with the CCAS score in women (r=-0.429, P=0.002). The DASS score was significantly correlated with heart rate (r=0.25, P=0.007) and SD2 of the Poincare plot (r=-0.272, P=0.004) in men. In contrast, women showed significant correlations between total DASS scores with very low-frequency power (r=-0.40, P=0.005) and detrended fluctuation analysis (r=-0.30, P=0.034). The anxiety-DASS subscale correlated with HRV in both genders. Conclusion: The anxiety-DASS subscale represents the sympathetic-adrenal medulla (SAM) activity. Clinicians can estimate the activity of this stress axis by using the anxiety subscale of the DASS questionnaire. Meanwhile, gender differences should be noted when assessing stress. https://jmr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmr/article/view/1136AnxietySalivary cortisolHeart rateNonlinear analysis |
| spellingShingle | Fateme Sangtarash Haniyeh Choobsaz Milad Zarrin Sousan Salari Ehsan Mokari Manshadi Ali Akbar Esmaeili Sayyed Hossein Mozaffari Boshra Hatef The Relationship between the Depression and Anxiety Stress Survey Questionnaire, Salivary Cortisol and Heart Rate Variability Journal of Modern Rehabilitation Anxiety Salivary cortisol Heart rate Nonlinear analysis |
| title | The Relationship between the Depression and Anxiety Stress Survey Questionnaire, Salivary Cortisol and Heart Rate Variability |
| title_full | The Relationship between the Depression and Anxiety Stress Survey Questionnaire, Salivary Cortisol and Heart Rate Variability |
| title_fullStr | The Relationship between the Depression and Anxiety Stress Survey Questionnaire, Salivary Cortisol and Heart Rate Variability |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Relationship between the Depression and Anxiety Stress Survey Questionnaire, Salivary Cortisol and Heart Rate Variability |
| title_short | The Relationship between the Depression and Anxiety Stress Survey Questionnaire, Salivary Cortisol and Heart Rate Variability |
| title_sort | relationship between the depression and anxiety stress survey questionnaire salivary cortisol and heart rate variability |
| topic | Anxiety Salivary cortisol Heart rate Nonlinear analysis |
| url | https://jmr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmr/article/view/1136 |
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