Optimized Microfluidic Biosensor for Sensitive C-Reactive Protein Detection

Lateral flow immunoassays (LFIAs) were integrated into microfluidic chips and tested to enhance point-of-care testing (POCT), with the aim of improving sensitivity and expanding the range of CRP detection. The microfluidic approach improves upon traditional methods by precisely controlling fluid spe...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Amirmahdi Tavakolidakhrabadi, Matt Stark, Alexander Küenzi, Sandro Carrara, Cédric Bessire
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-03-01
Series:Biosensors
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/15/4/214
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850143550019207168
author Amirmahdi Tavakolidakhrabadi
Matt Stark
Alexander Küenzi
Sandro Carrara
Cédric Bessire
author_facet Amirmahdi Tavakolidakhrabadi
Matt Stark
Alexander Küenzi
Sandro Carrara
Cédric Bessire
author_sort Amirmahdi Tavakolidakhrabadi
collection DOAJ
description Lateral flow immunoassays (LFIAs) were integrated into microfluidic chips and tested to enhance point-of-care testing (POCT), with the aim of improving sensitivity and expanding the range of CRP detection. The microfluidic approach improves upon traditional methods by precisely controlling fluid speed, thus enhancing sensitivity and accuracy in CRP measurements. The microfluidic approach also enables a one-step detection system, eliminating the need for buffer solution steps and reducing the nitrocellulose (NC) pad area to just the detection test line. This approach minimizes the non-specific binding of conjugated antibodies to unwanted areas of the NC pad, eliminating the need to block those areas, which enhances the sensitivity of detection. The gold nanoparticle method detects CRP in the high-sensitivity range of 1–10 <inline-formula><math display="inline"><semantics><mo>μ</mo></semantics></math></inline-formula>g/mL, which is suitable for chronic disease monitoring. To broaden the CRP detection range, including infection levels beyond 10 <inline-formula><math display="inline"><semantics><mo>μ</mo></semantics></math></inline-formula>g/mL, fluorescent labels were introduced, extending the measuring range from 1 to 70 <inline-formula><math display="inline"><semantics><mo>μ</mo></semantics></math></inline-formula>g/mL. Experimental results demonstrate that integrating microfluidic technology significantly enhances operational efficiency by precisely controlling the flow rate and optimizing the mixing efficiency while reducing fabrication resources by eliminating the need for separate pads, making these methods suitable for resource-limited settings. Microfluidics also provides greater control over fluid dynamics compared to traditional LFIA methods, which contributes to enhanced detection sensitivity even with lower sample volumes and no buffer solution, helping to enhance the usability of POCT. These findings highlight the potential to develop accessible, accurate, and cost-effective diagnostic tools essential for timely medical interventions at the POC.
format Article
id doaj-art-e860a73c133f4608aa2d927faa192dfa
institution OA Journals
issn 2079-6374
language English
publishDate 2025-03-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Biosensors
spelling doaj-art-e860a73c133f4608aa2d927faa192dfa2025-08-20T02:28:40ZengMDPI AGBiosensors2079-63742025-03-0115421410.3390/bios15040214Optimized Microfluidic Biosensor for Sensitive C-Reactive Protein DetectionAmirmahdi Tavakolidakhrabadi0Matt Stark1Alexander Küenzi2Sandro Carrara3Cédric Bessire4Institute for Human Centered Engineering HuCE, Department of Engineering and Computer Science, Bern University of Applied Sciences, 2501 Biel, SwitzerlandInstitute for Human Centered Engineering HuCE, Department of Engineering and Computer Science, Bern University of Applied Sciences, 2501 Biel, SwitzerlandInstitute for Human Centered Engineering HuCE, Department of Engineering and Computer Science, Bern University of Applied Sciences, 2501 Biel, SwitzerlandBio/CMOS Interfaces Laboratory (BCI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 2002 Lausanne, SwitzerlandInstitute for Human Centered Engineering HuCE, Department of Engineering and Computer Science, Bern University of Applied Sciences, 2501 Biel, SwitzerlandLateral flow immunoassays (LFIAs) were integrated into microfluidic chips and tested to enhance point-of-care testing (POCT), with the aim of improving sensitivity and expanding the range of CRP detection. The microfluidic approach improves upon traditional methods by precisely controlling fluid speed, thus enhancing sensitivity and accuracy in CRP measurements. The microfluidic approach also enables a one-step detection system, eliminating the need for buffer solution steps and reducing the nitrocellulose (NC) pad area to just the detection test line. This approach minimizes the non-specific binding of conjugated antibodies to unwanted areas of the NC pad, eliminating the need to block those areas, which enhances the sensitivity of detection. The gold nanoparticle method detects CRP in the high-sensitivity range of 1–10 <inline-formula><math display="inline"><semantics><mo>μ</mo></semantics></math></inline-formula>g/mL, which is suitable for chronic disease monitoring. To broaden the CRP detection range, including infection levels beyond 10 <inline-formula><math display="inline"><semantics><mo>μ</mo></semantics></math></inline-formula>g/mL, fluorescent labels were introduced, extending the measuring range from 1 to 70 <inline-formula><math display="inline"><semantics><mo>μ</mo></semantics></math></inline-formula>g/mL. Experimental results demonstrate that integrating microfluidic technology significantly enhances operational efficiency by precisely controlling the flow rate and optimizing the mixing efficiency while reducing fabrication resources by eliminating the need for separate pads, making these methods suitable for resource-limited settings. Microfluidics also provides greater control over fluid dynamics compared to traditional LFIA methods, which contributes to enhanced detection sensitivity even with lower sample volumes and no buffer solution, helping to enhance the usability of POCT. These findings highlight the potential to develop accessible, accurate, and cost-effective diagnostic tools essential for timely medical interventions at the POC.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/15/4/214conjugated fluorescent antibodiesgold nanoparticle-based detectionmicrofluidic integrationextended detection range for CRP measurementmicrofluidic-controlled LFIA for CRP
spellingShingle Amirmahdi Tavakolidakhrabadi
Matt Stark
Alexander Küenzi
Sandro Carrara
Cédric Bessire
Optimized Microfluidic Biosensor for Sensitive C-Reactive Protein Detection
Biosensors
conjugated fluorescent antibodies
gold nanoparticle-based detection
microfluidic integration
extended detection range for CRP measurement
microfluidic-controlled LFIA for CRP
title Optimized Microfluidic Biosensor for Sensitive C-Reactive Protein Detection
title_full Optimized Microfluidic Biosensor for Sensitive C-Reactive Protein Detection
title_fullStr Optimized Microfluidic Biosensor for Sensitive C-Reactive Protein Detection
title_full_unstemmed Optimized Microfluidic Biosensor for Sensitive C-Reactive Protein Detection
title_short Optimized Microfluidic Biosensor for Sensitive C-Reactive Protein Detection
title_sort optimized microfluidic biosensor for sensitive c reactive protein detection
topic conjugated fluorescent antibodies
gold nanoparticle-based detection
microfluidic integration
extended detection range for CRP measurement
microfluidic-controlled LFIA for CRP
url https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/15/4/214
work_keys_str_mv AT amirmahditavakolidakhrabadi optimizedmicrofluidicbiosensorforsensitivecreactiveproteindetection
AT mattstark optimizedmicrofluidicbiosensorforsensitivecreactiveproteindetection
AT alexanderkuenzi optimizedmicrofluidicbiosensorforsensitivecreactiveproteindetection
AT sandrocarrara optimizedmicrofluidicbiosensorforsensitivecreactiveproteindetection
AT cedricbessire optimizedmicrofluidicbiosensorforsensitivecreactiveproteindetection