Role of gut microbiota in predicting chemotherapy-induced neutropenia duration in leukemia patients
BackgroundAcute leukemia is an aggressive malignancy with high morbidity and mortality, and chemotherapy is the primary treatment modality. However, chemotherapy often induces neutropenia (chemotherapy-induced neutropenia, CIN), increasing the risk of infectious complications and mortality. Current...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1507336/full |
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| author | Yezi Huang Yezi Huang Lihong Liao Lihong Liao Yanjun Jiang Yanjun Jiang Si Tao Duozhuang Tang Duozhuang Tang |
| author_facet | Yezi Huang Yezi Huang Lihong Liao Lihong Liao Yanjun Jiang Yanjun Jiang Si Tao Duozhuang Tang Duozhuang Tang |
| author_sort | Yezi Huang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundAcute leukemia is an aggressive malignancy with high morbidity and mortality, and chemotherapy is the primary treatment modality. However, chemotherapy often induces neutropenia (chemotherapy-induced neutropenia, CIN), increasing the risk of infectious complications and mortality. Current research suggests that gut microbiota may play a significant role in chemotherapy’s efficacy and side effects.ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate whether gut microbiota can predict the duration of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia in leukemia patients.MethodsWe included 56 leukemia patients from the Hematology Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, collecting fecal samples 1 day before and 1 day after chemotherapy. The diversity and community structure of gut microbiota were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Patients were divided into two groups based on the duration of neutropenia post-chemotherapy: Neutropenia ≤7 Days Group (NLE7 Group) and Neutropenia > 7 Days Group (NGT7 Group). Comparative analysis identified characteristic microbiota.ResultsAfter chemotherapy, gut microbiota diversity significantly decreased (p < 0.05). In the NGT7 Group, the relative abundance of Enterococcus before chemotherapy was significantly higher than in the NLE7 Group (p < 0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the relative abundance of Enterococcus had high predictive accuracy for the duration of neutropenia (AUC = 0.800, 95% CI: 0.651–0.949).ConclusionThe abundance of Enterococcus before chemotherapy can predict the duration of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. These findings provide new evidence for gut microbiota as a predictive biomarker for chemotherapy side effects and may guide personalized treatment for leukemia patients. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e8593b79c3754746a2a30c8f946a66ce |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj-art-e8593b79c3754746a2a30c8f946a66ce2025-08-20T02:59:46ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2025-03-011610.3389/fmicb.2025.15073361507336Role of gut microbiota in predicting chemotherapy-induced neutropenia duration in leukemia patientsYezi Huang0Yezi Huang1Lihong Liao2Lihong Liao3Yanjun Jiang4Yanjun Jiang5Si Tao6Duozhuang Tang7Duozhuang Tang8Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, ChinaJiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematological Diseases, Nanchang, ChinaDepartment of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, ChinaJiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematological Diseases, Nanchang, ChinaDepartment of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, ChinaJiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematological Diseases, Nanchang, ChinaDepartment of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, ChinaDepartment of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, ChinaJiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematological Diseases, Nanchang, ChinaBackgroundAcute leukemia is an aggressive malignancy with high morbidity and mortality, and chemotherapy is the primary treatment modality. However, chemotherapy often induces neutropenia (chemotherapy-induced neutropenia, CIN), increasing the risk of infectious complications and mortality. Current research suggests that gut microbiota may play a significant role in chemotherapy’s efficacy and side effects.ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate whether gut microbiota can predict the duration of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia in leukemia patients.MethodsWe included 56 leukemia patients from the Hematology Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, collecting fecal samples 1 day before and 1 day after chemotherapy. The diversity and community structure of gut microbiota were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Patients were divided into two groups based on the duration of neutropenia post-chemotherapy: Neutropenia ≤7 Days Group (NLE7 Group) and Neutropenia > 7 Days Group (NGT7 Group). Comparative analysis identified characteristic microbiota.ResultsAfter chemotherapy, gut microbiota diversity significantly decreased (p < 0.05). In the NGT7 Group, the relative abundance of Enterococcus before chemotherapy was significantly higher than in the NLE7 Group (p < 0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the relative abundance of Enterococcus had high predictive accuracy for the duration of neutropenia (AUC = 0.800, 95% CI: 0.651–0.949).ConclusionThe abundance of Enterococcus before chemotherapy can predict the duration of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. These findings provide new evidence for gut microbiota as a predictive biomarker for chemotherapy side effects and may guide personalized treatment for leukemia patients.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1507336/fullleukemiagut microbiota16S rRNAchemotherapyneutropenia |
| spellingShingle | Yezi Huang Yezi Huang Lihong Liao Lihong Liao Yanjun Jiang Yanjun Jiang Si Tao Duozhuang Tang Duozhuang Tang Role of gut microbiota in predicting chemotherapy-induced neutropenia duration in leukemia patients Frontiers in Microbiology leukemia gut microbiota 16S rRNA chemotherapy neutropenia |
| title | Role of gut microbiota in predicting chemotherapy-induced neutropenia duration in leukemia patients |
| title_full | Role of gut microbiota in predicting chemotherapy-induced neutropenia duration in leukemia patients |
| title_fullStr | Role of gut microbiota in predicting chemotherapy-induced neutropenia duration in leukemia patients |
| title_full_unstemmed | Role of gut microbiota in predicting chemotherapy-induced neutropenia duration in leukemia patients |
| title_short | Role of gut microbiota in predicting chemotherapy-induced neutropenia duration in leukemia patients |
| title_sort | role of gut microbiota in predicting chemotherapy induced neutropenia duration in leukemia patients |
| topic | leukemia gut microbiota 16S rRNA chemotherapy neutropenia |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1507336/full |
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