Real-time static unbalance evaluation of the Cardan shaft equipped in high-speed train based on nonzero frequency filter
Abstract To reduce the upsprung weight, cardan shafts are equipped in high-speed train to transmit torque from motor to gearbox. The driving safety and stability of the train are closely related to the condition of the cardan shaft, which may experience unbalance during operation. Therefore, vibrati...
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Nature Portfolio
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-04221-y |
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| author | Hu Yongxu Luo Kang Yang Yaru Luo Yan |
| author_facet | Hu Yongxu Luo Kang Yang Yaru Luo Yan |
| author_sort | Hu Yongxu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract To reduce the upsprung weight, cardan shafts are equipped in high-speed train to transmit torque from motor to gearbox. The driving safety and stability of the train are closely related to the condition of the cardan shaft, which may experience unbalance during operation. Therefore, vibration sensors are installed on the train to monitor the condition of the cardan shaft. In this study, a mechanical model of the cardan shaft was developed to elucidate the unbalance force characteristics of the cardan shaft with static unbalance. Based on the analysis of the unbalance force, a narrow bandpass filter constructed using the nonzero frequency filter (NZFF) was employed to extract unbalance signals from the measured signals. A double integration in time is applied to the extracted signal to eliminate the effect of circular frequency on the signal amplitude and mitigate signal noises caused by track irregularities. Efficient value of the extracted signal was used as an index to evaluate the static unbalance of the cardan shaft. Effects of mechanical suspension structures on value of the index were considered. Kalman filter was utilized to enhance the stability of the evaluated static unbalances. According to the experimental results, the static unbalances were accurately evaluated by the NZFF method. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e847aff313b84d64aec8c536f1e8cb2b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
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| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-e847aff313b84d64aec8c536f1e8cb2b2025-08-20T03:25:18ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-06-0115111510.1038/s41598-025-04221-yReal-time static unbalance evaluation of the Cardan shaft equipped in high-speed train based on nonzero frequency filterHu Yongxu0Luo Kang1Yang Yaru2Luo Yan3School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu UniversitySchool of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu UniversitySchool of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu UniversitySchool of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu UniversityAbstract To reduce the upsprung weight, cardan shafts are equipped in high-speed train to transmit torque from motor to gearbox. The driving safety and stability of the train are closely related to the condition of the cardan shaft, which may experience unbalance during operation. Therefore, vibration sensors are installed on the train to monitor the condition of the cardan shaft. In this study, a mechanical model of the cardan shaft was developed to elucidate the unbalance force characteristics of the cardan shaft with static unbalance. Based on the analysis of the unbalance force, a narrow bandpass filter constructed using the nonzero frequency filter (NZFF) was employed to extract unbalance signals from the measured signals. A double integration in time is applied to the extracted signal to eliminate the effect of circular frequency on the signal amplitude and mitigate signal noises caused by track irregularities. Efficient value of the extracted signal was used as an index to evaluate the static unbalance of the cardan shaft. Effects of mechanical suspension structures on value of the index were considered. Kalman filter was utilized to enhance the stability of the evaluated static unbalances. According to the experimental results, the static unbalances were accurately evaluated by the NZFF method.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-04221-yCardan shaftStatic unbalance evaluationNonzero frequency filterHigh-speed trainDouble integrationKalman filter |
| spellingShingle | Hu Yongxu Luo Kang Yang Yaru Luo Yan Real-time static unbalance evaluation of the Cardan shaft equipped in high-speed train based on nonzero frequency filter Scientific Reports Cardan shaft Static unbalance evaluation Nonzero frequency filter High-speed train Double integration Kalman filter |
| title | Real-time static unbalance evaluation of the Cardan shaft equipped in high-speed train based on nonzero frequency filter |
| title_full | Real-time static unbalance evaluation of the Cardan shaft equipped in high-speed train based on nonzero frequency filter |
| title_fullStr | Real-time static unbalance evaluation of the Cardan shaft equipped in high-speed train based on nonzero frequency filter |
| title_full_unstemmed | Real-time static unbalance evaluation of the Cardan shaft equipped in high-speed train based on nonzero frequency filter |
| title_short | Real-time static unbalance evaluation of the Cardan shaft equipped in high-speed train based on nonzero frequency filter |
| title_sort | real time static unbalance evaluation of the cardan shaft equipped in high speed train based on nonzero frequency filter |
| topic | Cardan shaft Static unbalance evaluation Nonzero frequency filter High-speed train Double integration Kalman filter |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-04221-y |
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