Association between social capital and trajectories of cognitive function among Chinese older adults
Abstract Background The association between social capital and trajectories of cognitive function (CF) is still unclear among older adults in mainland China. The present study aims to examine the association using a longitudinal cohort from the Ningxia Healthy Aging Cohort. Methods Four waves of lon...
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2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-21570-5 |
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| author | Mengyun Xiong Zhaojing Wen Wanrui Ma Xue Hu Yan Tong Zhizhong Wang |
| author_facet | Mengyun Xiong Zhaojing Wen Wanrui Ma Xue Hu Yan Tong Zhizhong Wang |
| author_sort | Mengyun Xiong |
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| description | Abstract Background The association between social capital and trajectories of cognitive function (CF) is still unclear among older adults in mainland China. The present study aims to examine the association using a longitudinal cohort from the Ningxia Healthy Aging Cohort. Methods Four waves of longitudinal data were abstracted to identify the CF trajectories using the conditional latent class growth model (LCGM). CF was measured using the Chinese version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) from 2012 to 2023. Social capital, including social cohesion, social interaction, civic participation, and spiritual capital, was assessed using a series of standard instruments at baseline. Multinomial logistic regression was used to test the association between social capital and each trajectory class. Results Three distinct CF trajectories were identified: Stable (72.5%), slow decline (25.8%), and deterioration (1.7%). High spiritual capital was associated with a decreased risk of developing a deterioration trajectory (OR = 0.36, 95% CI = 0.14–0.93), while high civic participation (OR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.46–0.81) was associated with a decreased risk of developing a slow decline trajectory. Low CF at baseline was the first important risk factor, followed by age, civic participation, sex, monthly income, spiritual capital, and obesity. Conclusions The CF trajectories are heterogeneous among older Chinese adults. Civic participation was associated with a lower risk of a slow decline trajectory, and spiritual capital was slightly associated with a lower risk of a deterioration trajectory. These findings support the development of social-integrated interventions for vulnerable groups. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e84265a1bc084f249bad3f9ab2d7110e |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2458 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | BMC Public Health |
| spelling | doaj-art-e84265a1bc084f249bad3f9ab2d7110e2025-01-26T12:56:32ZengBMCBMC Public Health1471-24582025-01-0125111110.1186/s12889-025-21570-5Association between social capital and trajectories of cognitive function among Chinese older adultsMengyun Xiong0Zhaojing Wen1Wanrui Ma2Xue Hu3Yan Tong4Zhizhong Wang5Department of General Practice, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital at Guangdong Medical UniversityDepartment of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical UniversityDepartment of General Practice, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital at Guangdong Medical UniversityDepartment of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical UniversityDepartment of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical UniversityDepartment of General Practice, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital at Guangdong Medical UniversityAbstract Background The association between social capital and trajectories of cognitive function (CF) is still unclear among older adults in mainland China. The present study aims to examine the association using a longitudinal cohort from the Ningxia Healthy Aging Cohort. Methods Four waves of longitudinal data were abstracted to identify the CF trajectories using the conditional latent class growth model (LCGM). CF was measured using the Chinese version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) from 2012 to 2023. Social capital, including social cohesion, social interaction, civic participation, and spiritual capital, was assessed using a series of standard instruments at baseline. Multinomial logistic regression was used to test the association between social capital and each trajectory class. Results Three distinct CF trajectories were identified: Stable (72.5%), slow decline (25.8%), and deterioration (1.7%). High spiritual capital was associated with a decreased risk of developing a deterioration trajectory (OR = 0.36, 95% CI = 0.14–0.93), while high civic participation (OR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.46–0.81) was associated with a decreased risk of developing a slow decline trajectory. Low CF at baseline was the first important risk factor, followed by age, civic participation, sex, monthly income, spiritual capital, and obesity. Conclusions The CF trajectories are heterogeneous among older Chinese adults. Civic participation was associated with a lower risk of a slow decline trajectory, and spiritual capital was slightly associated with a lower risk of a deterioration trajectory. These findings support the development of social-integrated interventions for vulnerable groups.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-21570-5Cognitive functionSocial capitalOlder adultsCohort studyLatent class growth model |
| spellingShingle | Mengyun Xiong Zhaojing Wen Wanrui Ma Xue Hu Yan Tong Zhizhong Wang Association between social capital and trajectories of cognitive function among Chinese older adults BMC Public Health Cognitive function Social capital Older adults Cohort study Latent class growth model |
| title | Association between social capital and trajectories of cognitive function among Chinese older adults |
| title_full | Association between social capital and trajectories of cognitive function among Chinese older adults |
| title_fullStr | Association between social capital and trajectories of cognitive function among Chinese older adults |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association between social capital and trajectories of cognitive function among Chinese older adults |
| title_short | Association between social capital and trajectories of cognitive function among Chinese older adults |
| title_sort | association between social capital and trajectories of cognitive function among chinese older adults |
| topic | Cognitive function Social capital Older adults Cohort study Latent class growth model |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-21570-5 |
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