Genome assembly and annotation of Babesia rossi, a protozoan parasite for canine babesiosis

Abstract Background Apicomplexan parasite, Babesia rossi, is an Ixodid tick-transmitted pathogen that causes the most severe form of canine babesiosis disease. Compared to other Babesia pathogens of dogs, B. rossi exhibits unique pathophysiology, virulence, and a responsiveness to drugs that differs...

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Main Authors: Neelam Redekar, Xu Wang, Luis Neves, Steven Brooks, Justin Lack, Andrew Leisewitz, Hans Ackerman
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-07-01
Series:BMC Genomics
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-025-11495-z
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author Neelam Redekar
Xu Wang
Luis Neves
Steven Brooks
Justin Lack
Andrew Leisewitz
Hans Ackerman
author_facet Neelam Redekar
Xu Wang
Luis Neves
Steven Brooks
Justin Lack
Andrew Leisewitz
Hans Ackerman
author_sort Neelam Redekar
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Apicomplexan parasite, Babesia rossi, is an Ixodid tick-transmitted pathogen that causes the most severe form of canine babesiosis disease. Compared to other Babesia pathogens of dogs, B. rossi exhibits unique pathophysiology, virulence, and a responsiveness to drugs that differs from the small Babesia parasites. Results Here we report the first near-complete chromosome-level assembly of Babesia rossi strain PMB – isolated from a sick dog from Pietermaritzburg, South Africa. Assembly with long-read HiFi data yielded 21.06 Mbp genome size, spanning across five gene-dense chromosome-level scaffolds, a single apicoplast scaffold, and a remaining 54 unplaced low gene density scaffolds with 1.32 Mb N50 and 96.6% BUSCO Apicomplexan completeness. The genome annotation identified a total of 3,098 protein-coding genes, 71 tRNA, and 16 rRNA genes. The mitochondrial genome (6.4 Kbp) was also identified. Genome assemblies of two additional field isolates of B. rossi were also reported. Comparative genomic analyses revealed four syntenic genomic inversions and multiple polymorphisms across three B. rossi isolates, although SNP and indel density was higher within the gene desserts of the genomes. Despite these differences, three B. rossi isolates’ genome assemblies showed 99% conserved orthologous gene sets. About 76% of protein-coding genes of Babesia rossi isolate PMB were shared with four other Babesia species. Conclusion This report provides valuable genomic information that is crucial to comprehend B. rossi evolution, virulence, and potential drug targets for canine babesiosis.
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spelling doaj-art-e8322d65ee0d45ad8b28b1aa1ed3a0652025-08-20T03:03:27ZengBMCBMC Genomics1471-21642025-07-0126111310.1186/s12864-025-11495-zGenome assembly and annotation of Babesia rossi, a protozoan parasite for canine babesiosisNeelam Redekar0Xu Wang1Luis Neves2Steven Brooks3Justin Lack4Andrew Leisewitz5Hans Ackerman6Integrated Data Sciences Section, Research Technologies Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of HealthDepartment of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn UniversityVeterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of PretoriaLaboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of HealthIntegrated Data Sciences Section, Research Technologies Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of HealthDepartment of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn UniversityLaboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of HealthAbstract Background Apicomplexan parasite, Babesia rossi, is an Ixodid tick-transmitted pathogen that causes the most severe form of canine babesiosis disease. Compared to other Babesia pathogens of dogs, B. rossi exhibits unique pathophysiology, virulence, and a responsiveness to drugs that differs from the small Babesia parasites. Results Here we report the first near-complete chromosome-level assembly of Babesia rossi strain PMB – isolated from a sick dog from Pietermaritzburg, South Africa. Assembly with long-read HiFi data yielded 21.06 Mbp genome size, spanning across five gene-dense chromosome-level scaffolds, a single apicoplast scaffold, and a remaining 54 unplaced low gene density scaffolds with 1.32 Mb N50 and 96.6% BUSCO Apicomplexan completeness. The genome annotation identified a total of 3,098 protein-coding genes, 71 tRNA, and 16 rRNA genes. The mitochondrial genome (6.4 Kbp) was also identified. Genome assemblies of two additional field isolates of B. rossi were also reported. Comparative genomic analyses revealed four syntenic genomic inversions and multiple polymorphisms across three B. rossi isolates, although SNP and indel density was higher within the gene desserts of the genomes. Despite these differences, three B. rossi isolates’ genome assemblies showed 99% conserved orthologous gene sets. About 76% of protein-coding genes of Babesia rossi isolate PMB were shared with four other Babesia species. Conclusion This report provides valuable genomic information that is crucial to comprehend B. rossi evolution, virulence, and potential drug targets for canine babesiosis.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-025-11495-zBabesiaGenomeBabesia rossiCanineProtozoanApicomplexa
spellingShingle Neelam Redekar
Xu Wang
Luis Neves
Steven Brooks
Justin Lack
Andrew Leisewitz
Hans Ackerman
Genome assembly and annotation of Babesia rossi, a protozoan parasite for canine babesiosis
BMC Genomics
Babesia
Genome
Babesia rossi
Canine
Protozoan
Apicomplexa
title Genome assembly and annotation of Babesia rossi, a protozoan parasite for canine babesiosis
title_full Genome assembly and annotation of Babesia rossi, a protozoan parasite for canine babesiosis
title_fullStr Genome assembly and annotation of Babesia rossi, a protozoan parasite for canine babesiosis
title_full_unstemmed Genome assembly and annotation of Babesia rossi, a protozoan parasite for canine babesiosis
title_short Genome assembly and annotation of Babesia rossi, a protozoan parasite for canine babesiosis
title_sort genome assembly and annotation of babesia rossi a protozoan parasite for canine babesiosis
topic Babesia
Genome
Babesia rossi
Canine
Protozoan
Apicomplexa
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-025-11495-z
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