Emergency laparotomy preoperative risk assessment tool performance: A systematic review

Background: Preoperative assessment of risk for emergency laparotomy may enhance decision making with regards to urgency or perioperative critical care admission and promote a more informed consent process for patients. Accordingly, we aimed to assess the performance of risk assessment tools in pred...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Joseph N. Hewitt, Thomas J. Milton, Jack Jeanes, Ishraq Murshed, Silas Nann, Susanne Wells, Aashray K. Gupta, Christopher D. Ovenden, Joshua G. Kovoor, Stephen Bacchi, Christopher Dobbins, Markus I. Trochsler
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2024-12-01
Series:Surgery in Practice and Science
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666262024000317
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850249423497461760
author Joseph N. Hewitt
Thomas J. Milton
Jack Jeanes
Ishraq Murshed
Silas Nann
Susanne Wells
Aashray K. Gupta
Christopher D. Ovenden
Joshua G. Kovoor
Stephen Bacchi
Christopher Dobbins
Markus I. Trochsler
author_facet Joseph N. Hewitt
Thomas J. Milton
Jack Jeanes
Ishraq Murshed
Silas Nann
Susanne Wells
Aashray K. Gupta
Christopher D. Ovenden
Joshua G. Kovoor
Stephen Bacchi
Christopher Dobbins
Markus I. Trochsler
author_sort Joseph N. Hewitt
collection DOAJ
description Background: Preoperative assessment of risk for emergency laparotomy may enhance decision making with regards to urgency or perioperative critical care admission and promote a more informed consent process for patients. Accordingly, we aimed to assess the performance of risk assessment tools in predicting mortality after emergency laparotomy. Methods: PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library and CINAHL were searched to 12 February 2022 for observational studies reporting expected mortality based on a preoperative risk assessment and actual mortality after emergency laparotomy. Study screening, data extraction, and risk of bias using the Downs and Black checklist were performed in duplicate. Data on setting, operation undertaken, expected and actual mortality rates were extracted. Meta-analysis was planned but not possible due to heterogeneity. This study is registered with PROSPERO, CRD42022299227. Results: From 10,168 records, 82 observational studies were included. 17 risk assessment tools were described, the most common of which were P-POSSUM (42 studies), POSSUM (13 studies), NELA (12 studies) and MPI (11 studies). Articles were published between 1990 and 2022 with the most common country of origin being the UK (33 studies) followed by India (11 studies). Meta-analysis was not possible. Observed mortality and expected mortality based on risk assessment is reported for each study and generally shows most studies show accurate risk prediction. Conclusions: This review synthesises available literature to characterise the performance of various risk assessment tools in predicting mortality after emergency laparotomy. Findings from this study may benefit those undertaking emergency laparotomy and future research in risk prediction.
format Article
id doaj-art-e822b3d97d90490a8b2f55b7fef2db5d
institution OA Journals
issn 2666-2620
language English
publishDate 2024-12-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Surgery in Practice and Science
spelling doaj-art-e822b3d97d90490a8b2f55b7fef2db5d2025-08-20T01:58:30ZengElsevierSurgery in Practice and Science2666-26202024-12-011910026410.1016/j.sipas.2024.100264Emergency laparotomy preoperative risk assessment tool performance: A systematic reviewJoseph N. Hewitt0Thomas J. Milton1Jack Jeanes2Ishraq Murshed3Silas Nann4Susanne Wells5Aashray K. Gupta6Christopher D. Ovenden7Joshua G. Kovoor8Stephen Bacchi9Christopher Dobbins10Markus I. Trochsler11The University of Adelaide, Discipline of Surgery, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, South Australia, Australia; Department of Surgery, Royal Adelaide Hospital, South Australia, Australia; Corresponding author at: Discipline of Surgery, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Adelaide, 28 Woodville Road, Woodville, SA, 5011, Australia.Department of Surgery, Royal Adelaide Hospital, South Australia, AustraliaCollege of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, South Australia, AustraliaThe University of Adelaide, Discipline of Surgery, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, South Australia, AustraliaDepartment of Surgery, Gold Coast University Hospital, Queensland, AustraliaThe University of Adelaide, Discipline of Surgery, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, South Australia, AustraliaDepartment of Surgery, Gold Coast University Hospital, Queensland, AustraliaDepartment of Surgery, Royal Adelaide Hospital, South Australia, AustraliaThe University of Adelaide, Discipline of Surgery, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, South Australia, AustraliaThe University of Adelaide, Discipline of Surgery, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, South Australia, AustraliaDepartment of Surgery, Royal Adelaide Hospital, South Australia, AustraliaThe University of Adelaide, Discipline of Surgery, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, South Australia, AustraliaBackground: Preoperative assessment of risk for emergency laparotomy may enhance decision making with regards to urgency or perioperative critical care admission and promote a more informed consent process for patients. Accordingly, we aimed to assess the performance of risk assessment tools in predicting mortality after emergency laparotomy. Methods: PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library and CINAHL were searched to 12 February 2022 for observational studies reporting expected mortality based on a preoperative risk assessment and actual mortality after emergency laparotomy. Study screening, data extraction, and risk of bias using the Downs and Black checklist were performed in duplicate. Data on setting, operation undertaken, expected and actual mortality rates were extracted. Meta-analysis was planned but not possible due to heterogeneity. This study is registered with PROSPERO, CRD42022299227. Results: From 10,168 records, 82 observational studies were included. 17 risk assessment tools were described, the most common of which were P-POSSUM (42 studies), POSSUM (13 studies), NELA (12 studies) and MPI (11 studies). Articles were published between 1990 and 2022 with the most common country of origin being the UK (33 studies) followed by India (11 studies). Meta-analysis was not possible. Observed mortality and expected mortality based on risk assessment is reported for each study and generally shows most studies show accurate risk prediction. Conclusions: This review synthesises available literature to characterise the performance of various risk assessment tools in predicting mortality after emergency laparotomy. Findings from this study may benefit those undertaking emergency laparotomy and future research in risk prediction.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666262024000317General surgeryEmergency laparotomyRisk assessment
spellingShingle Joseph N. Hewitt
Thomas J. Milton
Jack Jeanes
Ishraq Murshed
Silas Nann
Susanne Wells
Aashray K. Gupta
Christopher D. Ovenden
Joshua G. Kovoor
Stephen Bacchi
Christopher Dobbins
Markus I. Trochsler
Emergency laparotomy preoperative risk assessment tool performance: A systematic review
Surgery in Practice and Science
General surgery
Emergency laparotomy
Risk assessment
title Emergency laparotomy preoperative risk assessment tool performance: A systematic review
title_full Emergency laparotomy preoperative risk assessment tool performance: A systematic review
title_fullStr Emergency laparotomy preoperative risk assessment tool performance: A systematic review
title_full_unstemmed Emergency laparotomy preoperative risk assessment tool performance: A systematic review
title_short Emergency laparotomy preoperative risk assessment tool performance: A systematic review
title_sort emergency laparotomy preoperative risk assessment tool performance a systematic review
topic General surgery
Emergency laparotomy
Risk assessment
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666262024000317
work_keys_str_mv AT josephnhewitt emergencylaparotomypreoperativeriskassessmenttoolperformanceasystematicreview
AT thomasjmilton emergencylaparotomypreoperativeriskassessmenttoolperformanceasystematicreview
AT jackjeanes emergencylaparotomypreoperativeriskassessmenttoolperformanceasystematicreview
AT ishraqmurshed emergencylaparotomypreoperativeriskassessmenttoolperformanceasystematicreview
AT silasnann emergencylaparotomypreoperativeriskassessmenttoolperformanceasystematicreview
AT susannewells emergencylaparotomypreoperativeriskassessmenttoolperformanceasystematicreview
AT aashraykgupta emergencylaparotomypreoperativeriskassessmenttoolperformanceasystematicreview
AT christopherdovenden emergencylaparotomypreoperativeriskassessmenttoolperformanceasystematicreview
AT joshuagkovoor emergencylaparotomypreoperativeriskassessmenttoolperformanceasystematicreview
AT stephenbacchi emergencylaparotomypreoperativeriskassessmenttoolperformanceasystematicreview
AT christopherdobbins emergencylaparotomypreoperativeriskassessmenttoolperformanceasystematicreview
AT markusitrochsler emergencylaparotomypreoperativeriskassessmenttoolperformanceasystematicreview