Influence of Gut Microbiota on Subclinical Inflammation and Insulin Resistance
Obesity is the main condition that is correlated with the appearance of insulin resistance, which is the major link among its comorbidities, such as type 2 diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, and several types of cancer. Obesity affects a large...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2013-01-01
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| Series: | Mediators of Inflammation |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/986734 |
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| author | Bruno Melo Carvalho Mario Jose Abdalla Saad |
| author_facet | Bruno Melo Carvalho Mario Jose Abdalla Saad |
| author_sort | Bruno Melo Carvalho |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Obesity is the main condition that is correlated with the appearance of insulin resistance, which is the major link among its comorbidities, such as type 2 diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, and several types of cancer. Obesity affects a large number of individuals worldwide; it degrades human health and quality of life. Here, we review the role of the gut microbiota in the pathophysiology of obesity and type 2 diabetes, which is promoted by a bacterial diversity shift mediated by overnutrition. Whole bacteria, their products, and metabolites undergo increased translocation through the gut epithelium to the circulation due to degraded tight junctions and the consequent increase in intestinal permeability that culminates in inflammation and insulin resistance. Several strategies focusing on modulation of the gut microbiota (antibiotics, probiotics, and prebiotics) are being experimentally employed in metabolic derangement in order to reduce intestinal permeability, increase the production of short chain fatty acids and anorectic gut hormones, and promote insulin sensitivity to counteract the inflammatory status and insulin resistance found in obese individuals. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e820a8b7b9a54126b6ed5112aa5347c1 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 0962-9351 1466-1861 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2013-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Mediators of Inflammation |
| spelling | doaj-art-e820a8b7b9a54126b6ed5112aa5347c12025-08-20T03:21:01ZengWileyMediators of Inflammation0962-93511466-18612013-01-01201310.1155/2013/986734986734Influence of Gut Microbiota on Subclinical Inflammation and Insulin ResistanceBruno Melo Carvalho0Mario Jose Abdalla Saad1Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, FCM, UNICAMP, Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126 Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, 13083-887 Campinas, SP, BrazilInternal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, FCM, UNICAMP, Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126 Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, 13083-887 Campinas, SP, BrazilObesity is the main condition that is correlated with the appearance of insulin resistance, which is the major link among its comorbidities, such as type 2 diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, and several types of cancer. Obesity affects a large number of individuals worldwide; it degrades human health and quality of life. Here, we review the role of the gut microbiota in the pathophysiology of obesity and type 2 diabetes, which is promoted by a bacterial diversity shift mediated by overnutrition. Whole bacteria, their products, and metabolites undergo increased translocation through the gut epithelium to the circulation due to degraded tight junctions and the consequent increase in intestinal permeability that culminates in inflammation and insulin resistance. Several strategies focusing on modulation of the gut microbiota (antibiotics, probiotics, and prebiotics) are being experimentally employed in metabolic derangement in order to reduce intestinal permeability, increase the production of short chain fatty acids and anorectic gut hormones, and promote insulin sensitivity to counteract the inflammatory status and insulin resistance found in obese individuals.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/986734 |
| spellingShingle | Bruno Melo Carvalho Mario Jose Abdalla Saad Influence of Gut Microbiota on Subclinical Inflammation and Insulin Resistance Mediators of Inflammation |
| title | Influence of Gut Microbiota on Subclinical Inflammation and Insulin Resistance |
| title_full | Influence of Gut Microbiota on Subclinical Inflammation and Insulin Resistance |
| title_fullStr | Influence of Gut Microbiota on Subclinical Inflammation and Insulin Resistance |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of Gut Microbiota on Subclinical Inflammation and Insulin Resistance |
| title_short | Influence of Gut Microbiota on Subclinical Inflammation and Insulin Resistance |
| title_sort | influence of gut microbiota on subclinical inflammation and insulin resistance |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/986734 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT brunomelocarvalho influenceofgutmicrobiotaonsubclinicalinflammationandinsulinresistance AT mariojoseabdallasaad influenceofgutmicrobiotaonsubclinicalinflammationandinsulinresistance |