CT in relation to RT-PCR in diagnosing COVID-19 in The Netherlands: A prospective study.

<h4>Introduction</h4>Early differentiation between emergency department (ED) patients with and without corona virus disease (COVID-19) is very important. Chest CT scan may be helpful in early diagnosing of COVID-19. We investigated the diagnostic accuracy of CT using RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-...

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Main Authors: Hester A Gietema, Noortje Zelis, J Martijn Nobel, Lars J G Lambriks, Lieke B van Alphen, Astrid M L Oude Lashof, Joachim E Wildberger, Irene C Nelissen, Patricia M Stassen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2020-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0235844&type=printable
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author Hester A Gietema
Noortje Zelis
J Martijn Nobel
Lars J G Lambriks
Lieke B van Alphen
Astrid M L Oude Lashof
Joachim E Wildberger
Irene C Nelissen
Patricia M Stassen
author_facet Hester A Gietema
Noortje Zelis
J Martijn Nobel
Lars J G Lambriks
Lieke B van Alphen
Astrid M L Oude Lashof
Joachim E Wildberger
Irene C Nelissen
Patricia M Stassen
author_sort Hester A Gietema
collection DOAJ
description <h4>Introduction</h4>Early differentiation between emergency department (ED) patients with and without corona virus disease (COVID-19) is very important. Chest CT scan may be helpful in early diagnosing of COVID-19. We investigated the diagnostic accuracy of CT using RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 as reference standard and investigated reasons for discordant results between the two tests.<h4>Methods</h4>In this prospective single centre study in the Netherlands, all adult symptomatic ED patients had both a CT scan and a RT-PCR upon arrival at the ED. CT results were compared with PCR test(s). Diagnostic accuracy was calculated. Discordant results were investigated using discharge diagnoses.<h4>Results</h4>Between March 13th and March 24th 2020, 193 symptomatic ED patients were included. In total, 43.0% of patients had a positive PCR and 56.5% a positive CT, resulting in a sensitivity of 89.2%, specificity 68.2%, likelihood ratio (LR)+ 2.81 and LR- 0.16. Sensitivity was higher in patients with high risk pneumonia (CURB-65 score ≥3; n = 17, 100%) and with sepsis (SOFA score ≥2; n = 137, 95.5%). Of the 35 patients (31.8%) with a suspicious CT and a negative RT-PCR, 9 had another respiratory viral pathogen, and in 7 patients, COVID-19 was considered likely. One of nine patients with a non-suspicious CT and a positive PCR had developed symptoms within 48 hours before scanning.<h4>Discussion</h4>The accuracy of chest CT in symptomatic ED patients is high, but used as a single diagnostic test, CT can not safely diagnose or exclude COVID-19. However, CT can be used as a quick tool to categorize patients into "probably positive" and "probably negative" cohorts.
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spelling doaj-art-e80533fae6754e549865fa77f640fe782025-08-20T02:55:17ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032020-01-01157e023584410.1371/journal.pone.0235844CT in relation to RT-PCR in diagnosing COVID-19 in The Netherlands: A prospective study.Hester A GietemaNoortje ZelisJ Martijn NobelLars J G LambriksLieke B van AlphenAstrid M L Oude LashofJoachim E WildbergerIrene C NelissenPatricia M Stassen<h4>Introduction</h4>Early differentiation between emergency department (ED) patients with and without corona virus disease (COVID-19) is very important. Chest CT scan may be helpful in early diagnosing of COVID-19. We investigated the diagnostic accuracy of CT using RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 as reference standard and investigated reasons for discordant results between the two tests.<h4>Methods</h4>In this prospective single centre study in the Netherlands, all adult symptomatic ED patients had both a CT scan and a RT-PCR upon arrival at the ED. CT results were compared with PCR test(s). Diagnostic accuracy was calculated. Discordant results were investigated using discharge diagnoses.<h4>Results</h4>Between March 13th and March 24th 2020, 193 symptomatic ED patients were included. In total, 43.0% of patients had a positive PCR and 56.5% a positive CT, resulting in a sensitivity of 89.2%, specificity 68.2%, likelihood ratio (LR)+ 2.81 and LR- 0.16. Sensitivity was higher in patients with high risk pneumonia (CURB-65 score ≥3; n = 17, 100%) and with sepsis (SOFA score ≥2; n = 137, 95.5%). Of the 35 patients (31.8%) with a suspicious CT and a negative RT-PCR, 9 had another respiratory viral pathogen, and in 7 patients, COVID-19 was considered likely. One of nine patients with a non-suspicious CT and a positive PCR had developed symptoms within 48 hours before scanning.<h4>Discussion</h4>The accuracy of chest CT in symptomatic ED patients is high, but used as a single diagnostic test, CT can not safely diagnose or exclude COVID-19. However, CT can be used as a quick tool to categorize patients into "probably positive" and "probably negative" cohorts.https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0235844&type=printable
spellingShingle Hester A Gietema
Noortje Zelis
J Martijn Nobel
Lars J G Lambriks
Lieke B van Alphen
Astrid M L Oude Lashof
Joachim E Wildberger
Irene C Nelissen
Patricia M Stassen
CT in relation to RT-PCR in diagnosing COVID-19 in The Netherlands: A prospective study.
PLoS ONE
title CT in relation to RT-PCR in diagnosing COVID-19 in The Netherlands: A prospective study.
title_full CT in relation to RT-PCR in diagnosing COVID-19 in The Netherlands: A prospective study.
title_fullStr CT in relation to RT-PCR in diagnosing COVID-19 in The Netherlands: A prospective study.
title_full_unstemmed CT in relation to RT-PCR in diagnosing COVID-19 in The Netherlands: A prospective study.
title_short CT in relation to RT-PCR in diagnosing COVID-19 in The Netherlands: A prospective study.
title_sort ct in relation to rt pcr in diagnosing covid 19 in the netherlands a prospective study
url https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0235844&type=printable
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