Recurrent Spontaneous Tumor Lysis Syndrome in Undiagnosed Follicular T-Cell Lymphoma
Introduction: Spontaneous tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a rare, life-threatening metabolic complication that typically occurs in malignancies with high tumor burden. Early recognition is critical, even in the absence of a known malignancy, to prevent severe outcomes. Case Presenta...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Karger Publishers
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Case Reports in Oncology |
| Online Access: | https://karger.com/article/doi/10.1159/000544865 |
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| Summary: | Introduction:
Spontaneous tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a rare, life-threatening metabolic complication that typically occurs in malignancies with high tumor burden. Early recognition is critical, even in the absence of a known malignancy, to prevent severe outcomes.
Case Presentation:
We report the case of an 89-year-old male with a history of chronic kidney disease, hyperparathyroidism, and myasthenia gravis, who experienced three episodes of TLS within 1 month. Initially, his metabolic disturbances were misattributed to dehydration. During his second admission, imaging revealed extensive lymphadenopathy, and a lymph node biopsy confirmed follicular helper T-cell lymphoma before his third hospitalization. Despite aggressive treatment, he developed metabolic encephalopathy and lost his decision-making capacity, while his family declined palliative care discussions.
Conclusion:
This case highlights the importance of considering TLS in patients with unexplained hyperkalemia, hyperuricemia, and hyperphosphatemia, even in the absence of a malignancy diagnosis. Early diagnosis and multidisciplinary care are essential to improve outcomes.
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| ISSN: | 1662-6575 |