Phytase, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and cocci vaccination to broilers fed a calcium and phosphorus-reduced diet under Eimeria spp. challenge: effects on growth performance and intestinal health
ABSTRACT: A study evaluated the effects of phytase, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25OHD), and cocci vaccination on broilers fed a diet reduced in calcium (Ca) and available phosphorus (avP) under Eimeria challenge. A total of 840 one-day-old male broilers were assigned to a 2 × 5 factorial arrangement based...
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Elsevier
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Poultry Science |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0032579124009052 |
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| author | Hanyi Shi Deependra Paneru Milan Kumar Sharma Jihwan Lee Hamid Reza Rafieian Naeini Fatemeh Sadat Mahdavi Woo Kyun Kim |
| author_facet | Hanyi Shi Deependra Paneru Milan Kumar Sharma Jihwan Lee Hamid Reza Rafieian Naeini Fatemeh Sadat Mahdavi Woo Kyun Kim |
| author_sort | Hanyi Shi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT: A study evaluated the effects of phytase, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25OHD), and cocci vaccination on broilers fed a diet reduced in calcium (Ca) and available phosphorus (avP) under Eimeria challenge. A total of 840 one-day-old male broilers were assigned to a 2 × 5 factorial arrangement based on cocci vaccination and dietary treatments. Half of the birds were vaccinated against coccidia on d 1, and all birds were orally challenged with Eimeria spp. (sporulated oocysts: 12,500 of E. maxima, 12,500 of E. tenella, and 62,500 of E. acervulina) on d 14. Dietary treatments included: 1) a nutrient adequate diet (PC); 2) a diet reduced by 0.2% in Ca and avP (NC); 3) NC plus 1,500 FTU/kg of phytase (NC+PHY); 4) NC plus 3,000 IU/kg of 25OHD (NC+25OHD); 5) NC with both PHY and 25OHD (NC+PHY+25OHD). SAS was used for data analysis, with significance set at P ≤ 0.05. Pre-infection growth performance was comparable across the treatments. However, vaccinated birds exhibited higher body weight (BW) and body weight gain (BWG) from 0 to 6 d postinoculation (DPI; P < 0.05). The NC diet reduced BWG from 6 to 12 DPI and increased the feed conversion ratio (FCR) during 6 to 12 DPI and the overall period (0–26 d) compared to the PC birds. In contrast, the supplementation with phytase, 25OHD, or both, returned BWG and FCR to levels seen with the PC diet (P < 0.01). Vaccinated birds also had reduced gut permeability at 5 DPI, increased intestinal villus height, and lower expression levels of the tight junction proteins junctional adhesion molecule 2 (JAM2) and occludin (OCLN) at 6 DPI (P < 0.05). Interestingly, the cocci vaccine resulted in lower E. acervulina but higher E. tenella oocyst shedding at 6 DPI (P < 0.01). Interaction effects were observed for duodenal lesion scores and ileal crypt depth at 6 DPI (P < 0.05). In conclusion, coccidial vaccination improved growth performance, decreased intestinal permeability, enhanced intestinal morphology, and modulated tight junction protein gene expression under Eimeria infection. Reducing dietary Ca and avP levels adversely affected growth performance and FI during the recovery phase, but these negative effects could be mitigated by supplementing with phytase or 25OHD. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e7d317b1e15a44738ac69a1408aefc1a |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 0032-5791 |
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| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-e7d317b1e15a44738ac69a1408aefc1a2025-08-20T02:39:31ZengElsevierPoultry Science0032-57912024-12-011031210432610.1016/j.psj.2024.104326Phytase, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and cocci vaccination to broilers fed a calcium and phosphorus-reduced diet under Eimeria spp. challenge: effects on growth performance and intestinal healthHanyi Shi0Deependra Paneru1Milan Kumar Sharma2Jihwan Lee3Hamid Reza Rafieian Naeini4Fatemeh Sadat Mahdavi5Woo Kyun Kim6Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USADepartment of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USADepartment of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USANational Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan 31000, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USADepartment of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USADepartment of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA; Corresponding author:ABSTRACT: A study evaluated the effects of phytase, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25OHD), and cocci vaccination on broilers fed a diet reduced in calcium (Ca) and available phosphorus (avP) under Eimeria challenge. A total of 840 one-day-old male broilers were assigned to a 2 × 5 factorial arrangement based on cocci vaccination and dietary treatments. Half of the birds were vaccinated against coccidia on d 1, and all birds were orally challenged with Eimeria spp. (sporulated oocysts: 12,500 of E. maxima, 12,500 of E. tenella, and 62,500 of E. acervulina) on d 14. Dietary treatments included: 1) a nutrient adequate diet (PC); 2) a diet reduced by 0.2% in Ca and avP (NC); 3) NC plus 1,500 FTU/kg of phytase (NC+PHY); 4) NC plus 3,000 IU/kg of 25OHD (NC+25OHD); 5) NC with both PHY and 25OHD (NC+PHY+25OHD). SAS was used for data analysis, with significance set at P ≤ 0.05. Pre-infection growth performance was comparable across the treatments. However, vaccinated birds exhibited higher body weight (BW) and body weight gain (BWG) from 0 to 6 d postinoculation (DPI; P < 0.05). The NC diet reduced BWG from 6 to 12 DPI and increased the feed conversion ratio (FCR) during 6 to 12 DPI and the overall period (0–26 d) compared to the PC birds. In contrast, the supplementation with phytase, 25OHD, or both, returned BWG and FCR to levels seen with the PC diet (P < 0.01). Vaccinated birds also had reduced gut permeability at 5 DPI, increased intestinal villus height, and lower expression levels of the tight junction proteins junctional adhesion molecule 2 (JAM2) and occludin (OCLN) at 6 DPI (P < 0.05). Interestingly, the cocci vaccine resulted in lower E. acervulina but higher E. tenella oocyst shedding at 6 DPI (P < 0.01). Interaction effects were observed for duodenal lesion scores and ileal crypt depth at 6 DPI (P < 0.05). In conclusion, coccidial vaccination improved growth performance, decreased intestinal permeability, enhanced intestinal morphology, and modulated tight junction protein gene expression under Eimeria infection. Reducing dietary Ca and avP levels adversely affected growth performance and FI during the recovery phase, but these negative effects could be mitigated by supplementing with phytase or 25OHD.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0032579124009052phytase25-hydroxyvitamin D3Eimeriabroilerintestinal health |
| spellingShingle | Hanyi Shi Deependra Paneru Milan Kumar Sharma Jihwan Lee Hamid Reza Rafieian Naeini Fatemeh Sadat Mahdavi Woo Kyun Kim Phytase, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and cocci vaccination to broilers fed a calcium and phosphorus-reduced diet under Eimeria spp. challenge: effects on growth performance and intestinal health Poultry Science phytase 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 Eimeria broiler intestinal health |
| title | Phytase, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and cocci vaccination to broilers fed a calcium and phosphorus-reduced diet under Eimeria spp. challenge: effects on growth performance and intestinal health |
| title_full | Phytase, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and cocci vaccination to broilers fed a calcium and phosphorus-reduced diet under Eimeria spp. challenge: effects on growth performance and intestinal health |
| title_fullStr | Phytase, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and cocci vaccination to broilers fed a calcium and phosphorus-reduced diet under Eimeria spp. challenge: effects on growth performance and intestinal health |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phytase, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and cocci vaccination to broilers fed a calcium and phosphorus-reduced diet under Eimeria spp. challenge: effects on growth performance and intestinal health |
| title_short | Phytase, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and cocci vaccination to broilers fed a calcium and phosphorus-reduced diet under Eimeria spp. challenge: effects on growth performance and intestinal health |
| title_sort | phytase 25 hydroxyvitamin d3 and cocci vaccination to broilers fed a calcium and phosphorus reduced diet under eimeria spp challenge effects on growth performance and intestinal health |
| topic | phytase 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 Eimeria broiler intestinal health |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0032579124009052 |
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