The causal relationship between hepatitis B, immunophenotypes and liver cancer: a Mendelian randomization study

The causal relationship between hepatitis B, immunophenotypes and liver cancer: a Mendelian randomization study

Abstract Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally, and infection with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) is one of the major risk factors for the development of HCC. However, the definitive causal relationship between HBV infection and liver can...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Zhili Cao, Chunyu Zhang, Shan Chen, Jie Jiang, Xuejiao Bai, Yan Wang, Wenshuang Zhang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Springer 2025-03-01
Series:Discover Oncology
Subjects:
Liver cancer
Hepatitis B
Mendelian randomization
Causal relationship
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-025-02023-2
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