State of the Art and Challenges in Complete Benzene Oxidation: A Review
Increased levels and detrimental effects of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) on air quality and human health have become an important issue in the environmental field. Benzene is classified as one of the most hazardous air pollutants among non-halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons with toxic, carcinoge...
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-11-01
|
| Series: | Molecules |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/22/5484 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850227080097169408 |
|---|---|
| author | Tatyana Tabakova |
| author_facet | Tatyana Tabakova |
| author_sort | Tatyana Tabakova |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Increased levels and detrimental effects of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) on air quality and human health have become an important issue in the environmental field. Benzene is classified as one of the most hazardous air pollutants among non-halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons with toxic, carcinogenic, and mutagenic effects. Various technologies have been applied to decrease harmful emissions from various sources such as petrochemistry, steel manufacturing, organic chemical, paint, adhesive, and pharmaceutical production, vehicle exhausts, etc. Catalytic oxidation to CO<sub>2</sub> and water is an attractive approach to VOC removal due to high efficiency, low energy consumption, and the absence of secondary pollution. However, catalytic oxidation of the benzene molecule is a great challenge because of the extraordinary stability of its six-membered ring structure. Developing highly efficient catalysts is of primary importance for effective elimination of benzene at low temperatures. This review aims to summarize and discuss some recent advances in catalyst composition and preparation strategies. Advantages and disadvantages of using noble metal-based catalysts and transition metal oxide-based catalysts are addressed. Effects of some crucial factors such as catalyst support nature, metal particle size, electronic state of active metal, redox properties, reactivity of lattice oxygen and surface adsorbed oxygen on benzene removal are explored. Thorough elucidation of reaction mechanisms in benzene oxidation is a prerequisite to develop efficient catalysts. Benzene oxidation mechanisms are analyzed based on in situ catalyst characterization, reaction kinetics, and theoretical simulation calculations. Considering the role of oxygen vacancies in improving catalytic performance, attention is given to oxygen defect engineering. Catalyst deactivation due to coexistence of water vapor and other pollutants, e.g., sulfur compounds, is discussed. Future research directions for rational design of catalysts for complete benzene oxidation are provided. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e7bbc1039a5549a6bf54b7b6b916c945 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj-art-e7bbc1039a5549a6bf54b7b6b916c9452025-08-20T02:04:55ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492024-11-012922548410.3390/molecules29225484State of the Art and Challenges in Complete Benzene Oxidation: A ReviewTatyana Tabakova0Institute of Catalysis, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, BulgariaIncreased levels and detrimental effects of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) on air quality and human health have become an important issue in the environmental field. Benzene is classified as one of the most hazardous air pollutants among non-halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons with toxic, carcinogenic, and mutagenic effects. Various technologies have been applied to decrease harmful emissions from various sources such as petrochemistry, steel manufacturing, organic chemical, paint, adhesive, and pharmaceutical production, vehicle exhausts, etc. Catalytic oxidation to CO<sub>2</sub> and water is an attractive approach to VOC removal due to high efficiency, low energy consumption, and the absence of secondary pollution. However, catalytic oxidation of the benzene molecule is a great challenge because of the extraordinary stability of its six-membered ring structure. Developing highly efficient catalysts is of primary importance for effective elimination of benzene at low temperatures. This review aims to summarize and discuss some recent advances in catalyst composition and preparation strategies. Advantages and disadvantages of using noble metal-based catalysts and transition metal oxide-based catalysts are addressed. Effects of some crucial factors such as catalyst support nature, metal particle size, electronic state of active metal, redox properties, reactivity of lattice oxygen and surface adsorbed oxygen on benzene removal are explored. Thorough elucidation of reaction mechanisms in benzene oxidation is a prerequisite to develop efficient catalysts. Benzene oxidation mechanisms are analyzed based on in situ catalyst characterization, reaction kinetics, and theoretical simulation calculations. Considering the role of oxygen vacancies in improving catalytic performance, attention is given to oxygen defect engineering. Catalyst deactivation due to coexistence of water vapor and other pollutants, e.g., sulfur compounds, is discussed. Future research directions for rational design of catalysts for complete benzene oxidation are provided.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/22/5484air pollutionVOCsbenzenecatalytic oxidationcatalyst preparationreaction kinetics and mechanism |
| spellingShingle | Tatyana Tabakova State of the Art and Challenges in Complete Benzene Oxidation: A Review Molecules air pollution VOCs benzene catalytic oxidation catalyst preparation reaction kinetics and mechanism |
| title | State of the Art and Challenges in Complete Benzene Oxidation: A Review |
| title_full | State of the Art and Challenges in Complete Benzene Oxidation: A Review |
| title_fullStr | State of the Art and Challenges in Complete Benzene Oxidation: A Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | State of the Art and Challenges in Complete Benzene Oxidation: A Review |
| title_short | State of the Art and Challenges in Complete Benzene Oxidation: A Review |
| title_sort | state of the art and challenges in complete benzene oxidation a review |
| topic | air pollution VOCs benzene catalytic oxidation catalyst preparation reaction kinetics and mechanism |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/22/5484 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT tatyanatabakova stateoftheartandchallengesincompletebenzeneoxidationareview |