Develop an indirect ELISA utilizing gD protein to detect antibodies against bovine herpesvirus type 1
Bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1) is a highly contagious DNA virus that causes a variety of diseases affecting the reproductive and respiratory tracts. These diseases can reduce the health and production performance of cattle, causing significant economic losses in the cattle industry. The current E...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2025.1591304/full |
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| author | Qiang Liu Ruijin Liang Xiaoxia Niu Lingling Jiang Gang Zhang Pu Wang Sinong Zhang Weifeng Gao Yujiong Wang Huichen Guo Huichen Guo Yong Li |
| author_facet | Qiang Liu Ruijin Liang Xiaoxia Niu Lingling Jiang Gang Zhang Pu Wang Sinong Zhang Weifeng Gao Yujiong Wang Huichen Guo Huichen Guo Yong Li |
| author_sort | Qiang Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1) is a highly contagious DNA virus that causes a variety of diseases affecting the reproductive and respiratory tracts. These diseases can reduce the health and production performance of cattle, causing significant economic losses in the cattle industry. The current ELISA kits used to detect BHV-1 have long lead times and are expensive, and are not suitable for bulk testing on large farms. therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a rapid and cost-effective alternative to the BHV-1 test. In this study, recombinant gD protein was expressed by prokaryotic system, and then used as antigen to immunize New Zealand white rabbits to obtain polyclonal antibodies (pAb). An indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA) based on gD protein was established for the detection of BHV-1 antibodies in clinical samples. The optimal cutoff value was determined to be 0.6185 using 60 clinical serum samples. This method had no cross-reaction with other common bovine viruses. The developed iELISA method and commercially available kits were used to detect 60 bovine serum samples, with a concordance rate of 93.3%. In summary, we established a rapid and reliable iELISA method based on gD protein, which is suitable for epidemio-logical monitoring of BHV-1. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e7b2849b71f841c6beb03213a278849e |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2235-2988 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj-art-e7b2849b71f841c6beb03213a278849e2025-08-20T02:16:15ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology2235-29882025-05-011510.3389/fcimb.2025.15913041591304Develop an indirect ELISA utilizing gD protein to detect antibodies against bovine herpesvirus type 1Qiang Liu0Ruijin Liang1Xiaoxia Niu2Lingling Jiang3Gang Zhang4Pu Wang5Sinong Zhang6Weifeng Gao7Yujiong Wang8Huichen Guo9Huichen Guo10Yong Li11Key Lab of Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in Western China, School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, ChinaQueen’s University Belfast Joint Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang, ChinaKey Lab of Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in Western China, School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, ChinaKey Lab of Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in Western China, School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, ChinaKey Lab of Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in Western China, School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, ChinaKey Lab of Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in Western China, School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, ChinaKey Lab of Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in Western China, School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, ChinaKey Lab of Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in Western China, School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, ChinaKey Lab of Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in Western China, School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, ChinaKey Lab of Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in Western China, School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, ChinaKey Lab of Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in Western China, School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, ChinaBovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1) is a highly contagious DNA virus that causes a variety of diseases affecting the reproductive and respiratory tracts. These diseases can reduce the health and production performance of cattle, causing significant economic losses in the cattle industry. The current ELISA kits used to detect BHV-1 have long lead times and are expensive, and are not suitable for bulk testing on large farms. therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a rapid and cost-effective alternative to the BHV-1 test. In this study, recombinant gD protein was expressed by prokaryotic system, and then used as antigen to immunize New Zealand white rabbits to obtain polyclonal antibodies (pAb). An indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA) based on gD protein was established for the detection of BHV-1 antibodies in clinical samples. The optimal cutoff value was determined to be 0.6185 using 60 clinical serum samples. This method had no cross-reaction with other common bovine viruses. The developed iELISA method and commercially available kits were used to detect 60 bovine serum samples, with a concordance rate of 93.3%. In summary, we established a rapid and reliable iELISA method based on gD protein, which is suitable for epidemio-logical monitoring of BHV-1.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2025.1591304/fullbovine herpesvirus type 1gD proteinprokaryotic expressionindirect ELISAantibody detection |
| spellingShingle | Qiang Liu Ruijin Liang Xiaoxia Niu Lingling Jiang Gang Zhang Pu Wang Sinong Zhang Weifeng Gao Yujiong Wang Huichen Guo Huichen Guo Yong Li Develop an indirect ELISA utilizing gD protein to detect antibodies against bovine herpesvirus type 1 Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology bovine herpesvirus type 1 gD protein prokaryotic expression indirect ELISA antibody detection |
| title | Develop an indirect ELISA utilizing gD protein to detect antibodies against bovine herpesvirus type 1 |
| title_full | Develop an indirect ELISA utilizing gD protein to detect antibodies against bovine herpesvirus type 1 |
| title_fullStr | Develop an indirect ELISA utilizing gD protein to detect antibodies against bovine herpesvirus type 1 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Develop an indirect ELISA utilizing gD protein to detect antibodies against bovine herpesvirus type 1 |
| title_short | Develop an indirect ELISA utilizing gD protein to detect antibodies against bovine herpesvirus type 1 |
| title_sort | develop an indirect elisa utilizing gd protein to detect antibodies against bovine herpesvirus type 1 |
| topic | bovine herpesvirus type 1 gD protein prokaryotic expression indirect ELISA antibody detection |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2025.1591304/full |
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