Microbial Decontamination of Fresh-Cut Carrots via Cold Atmospheric Plasma Treatment: Effect on Physicochemical and Nutritional Properties During Storage

The extension of shelf-life and enhancement of the safety and quality of fresh-cut ready-to-eat vegetables is an ongoing public health concern. The present study investigated the efficacy of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) treatment for the decontamination of fresh-cut carrots inoculated with <i>...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Efe Bakla, Ufuk Bağcı
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Foods
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/9/1599
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850278899420758016
author Efe Bakla
Ufuk Bağcı
author_facet Efe Bakla
Ufuk Bağcı
author_sort Efe Bakla
collection DOAJ
description The extension of shelf-life and enhancement of the safety and quality of fresh-cut ready-to-eat vegetables is an ongoing public health concern. The present study investigated the efficacy of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) treatment for the decontamination of fresh-cut carrots inoculated with <i>Escherichia coli</i>. An atmospheric plasma jet system operating at 1 kVA was utilized for treatment with varying plasma jet nozzle to sample distances (10–40 mm), exposure times (10–60 s) and either argon or dry air at 3 bar as working gases. It was demonstrated that both working gases achieved more than 4 log reductions in <i>E. coli</i> within 60 s of treatment while maintaining carrot surface temperatures below 50 °C. During 3-week storage at 4 °C, the immediate effects of plasma treatment on quality parameters were found to be minimal, with no significant changes observed in color (Δ<i>E</i> < 3.0) parameters, β-carotene content, ascorbic acid levels, total phenolic content (TPC), or total antioxidant activity (TAA) following either treatment. Additionally, plasma-treated carrots retained their firmness, showing no significant texture loss, whereas untreated controls experienced a firmness decline of approximately 9% by the end of storage. Notably, TPC increased by up to 41%, and TAA increased significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in plasma-treated samples during storage, especially in dry air plasma-treated carrots. These results demonstrated that CAP treatment can be successfully applied for rapid inactivation of <i>E. coli</i> on fresh-cut carrot surfaces while preserving original quality characteristics during refrigerated storage, offering potential as non-thermal preservation technology for fresh produce.
format Article
id doaj-art-e7a122c7eed849598e0259e7a6121c8a
institution OA Journals
issn 2304-8158
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Foods
spelling doaj-art-e7a122c7eed849598e0259e7a6121c8a2025-08-20T01:49:18ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582025-05-01149159910.3390/foods14091599Microbial Decontamination of Fresh-Cut Carrots via Cold Atmospheric Plasma Treatment: Effect on Physicochemical and Nutritional Properties During StorageEfe Bakla0Ufuk Bağcı1Edirne Food Control Laboratory Directorate, 22030 Edirne, TurkeyDepartment of Food Engineering, Trakya University, 22180 Edirne, TurkeyThe extension of shelf-life and enhancement of the safety and quality of fresh-cut ready-to-eat vegetables is an ongoing public health concern. The present study investigated the efficacy of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) treatment for the decontamination of fresh-cut carrots inoculated with <i>Escherichia coli</i>. An atmospheric plasma jet system operating at 1 kVA was utilized for treatment with varying plasma jet nozzle to sample distances (10–40 mm), exposure times (10–60 s) and either argon or dry air at 3 bar as working gases. It was demonstrated that both working gases achieved more than 4 log reductions in <i>E. coli</i> within 60 s of treatment while maintaining carrot surface temperatures below 50 °C. During 3-week storage at 4 °C, the immediate effects of plasma treatment on quality parameters were found to be minimal, with no significant changes observed in color (Δ<i>E</i> < 3.0) parameters, β-carotene content, ascorbic acid levels, total phenolic content (TPC), or total antioxidant activity (TAA) following either treatment. Additionally, plasma-treated carrots retained their firmness, showing no significant texture loss, whereas untreated controls experienced a firmness decline of approximately 9% by the end of storage. Notably, TPC increased by up to 41%, and TAA increased significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in plasma-treated samples during storage, especially in dry air plasma-treated carrots. These results demonstrated that CAP treatment can be successfully applied for rapid inactivation of <i>E. coli</i> on fresh-cut carrot surfaces while preserving original quality characteristics during refrigerated storage, offering potential as non-thermal preservation technology for fresh produce.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/9/1599cold atmospheric plasmafresh producemicrobial inactivationsurface decontaminationnonthermal processing
spellingShingle Efe Bakla
Ufuk Bağcı
Microbial Decontamination of Fresh-Cut Carrots via Cold Atmospheric Plasma Treatment: Effect on Physicochemical and Nutritional Properties During Storage
Foods
cold atmospheric plasma
fresh produce
microbial inactivation
surface decontamination
nonthermal processing
title Microbial Decontamination of Fresh-Cut Carrots via Cold Atmospheric Plasma Treatment: Effect on Physicochemical and Nutritional Properties During Storage
title_full Microbial Decontamination of Fresh-Cut Carrots via Cold Atmospheric Plasma Treatment: Effect on Physicochemical and Nutritional Properties During Storage
title_fullStr Microbial Decontamination of Fresh-Cut Carrots via Cold Atmospheric Plasma Treatment: Effect on Physicochemical and Nutritional Properties During Storage
title_full_unstemmed Microbial Decontamination of Fresh-Cut Carrots via Cold Atmospheric Plasma Treatment: Effect on Physicochemical and Nutritional Properties During Storage
title_short Microbial Decontamination of Fresh-Cut Carrots via Cold Atmospheric Plasma Treatment: Effect on Physicochemical and Nutritional Properties During Storage
title_sort microbial decontamination of fresh cut carrots via cold atmospheric plasma treatment effect on physicochemical and nutritional properties during storage
topic cold atmospheric plasma
fresh produce
microbial inactivation
surface decontamination
nonthermal processing
url https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/9/1599
work_keys_str_mv AT efebakla microbialdecontaminationoffreshcutcarrotsviacoldatmosphericplasmatreatmenteffectonphysicochemicalandnutritionalpropertiesduringstorage
AT ufukbagcı microbialdecontaminationoffreshcutcarrotsviacoldatmosphericplasmatreatmenteffectonphysicochemicalandnutritionalpropertiesduringstorage