Surface Multi-Hazard Effects of Underground Coal Mining in Mountainous Regions
Underground coal mining induces surface subsidence, which in turn impacts the stability of slopes in mountainous regions. However, research that investigates the coupling relationship between surface subsidence in mountainous regions and the occurrence of multiple surface hazards is scarce. Taking a...
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| author | Xuwen Tian Xin Yao Zhenkai Zhou Tao Tao |
| author_facet | Xuwen Tian Xin Yao Zhenkai Zhou Tao Tao |
| author_sort | Xuwen Tian |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Underground coal mining induces surface subsidence, which in turn impacts the stability of slopes in mountainous regions. However, research that investigates the coupling relationship between surface subsidence in mountainous regions and the occurrence of multiple surface hazards is scarce. Taking a coal mine in southwestern China as a case study, a detailed catalog of the surface hazards in the study area was created based on multi-temporal satellite imagery interpretation and Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) surveys. Using interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) technology and the logistic subsidence prediction method, this study investigated the evolution of surface subsidence induced by underground mining activities and its impact on the triggering of multiple surface hazards. We found that the study area experienced various types of surface hazards, including subsidence, landslides, debris flows, sinkholes, and ground fissures, due to the effects of underground mining activities. The InSAR monitoring results showed that the maximum subsidence at the back edge of the slope terrace was 98.2 mm, with the most severe deformation occurring at the mid-slope of the mountain, where the maximum subsidence reached 139.8 mm. The surface subsidence process followed an S-shaped curve, comprising the stages of initial subsidence, accelerated subsidence, and residual subsidence. Additionally, the subsidence continued even after coal mining operations concluded. Predictions derived from the logistic model indicate that the duration of residual surface subsidence in the study area is approximately 1 to 2 years. This study aimed to provide a scientific foundation for elucidating the temporal and spatial variation patterns of subsidence induced by underground coal mining in mountainous regions and its impact on the formation of multiple surface hazards. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| spelling | doaj-art-e79cf0f461f04ecc8dbad86e5cdc4fed2025-01-10T13:20:17ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922025-01-0117112210.3390/rs17010122Surface Multi-Hazard Effects of Underground Coal Mining in Mountainous RegionsXuwen Tian0Xin Yao1Zhenkai Zhou2Tao Tao3Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaInstitute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaInstitute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaInstitute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaUnderground coal mining induces surface subsidence, which in turn impacts the stability of slopes in mountainous regions. However, research that investigates the coupling relationship between surface subsidence in mountainous regions and the occurrence of multiple surface hazards is scarce. Taking a coal mine in southwestern China as a case study, a detailed catalog of the surface hazards in the study area was created based on multi-temporal satellite imagery interpretation and Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) surveys. Using interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) technology and the logistic subsidence prediction method, this study investigated the evolution of surface subsidence induced by underground mining activities and its impact on the triggering of multiple surface hazards. We found that the study area experienced various types of surface hazards, including subsidence, landslides, debris flows, sinkholes, and ground fissures, due to the effects of underground mining activities. The InSAR monitoring results showed that the maximum subsidence at the back edge of the slope terrace was 98.2 mm, with the most severe deformation occurring at the mid-slope of the mountain, where the maximum subsidence reached 139.8 mm. The surface subsidence process followed an S-shaped curve, comprising the stages of initial subsidence, accelerated subsidence, and residual subsidence. Additionally, the subsidence continued even after coal mining operations concluded. Predictions derived from the logistic model indicate that the duration of residual surface subsidence in the study area is approximately 1 to 2 years. This study aimed to provide a scientific foundation for elucidating the temporal and spatial variation patterns of subsidence induced by underground coal mining in mountainous regions and its impact on the formation of multiple surface hazards.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/1/122coal miningInSARsurface hazardssubsidencelandslides |
| spellingShingle | Xuwen Tian Xin Yao Zhenkai Zhou Tao Tao Surface Multi-Hazard Effects of Underground Coal Mining in Mountainous Regions Remote Sensing coal mining InSAR surface hazards subsidence landslides |
| title | Surface Multi-Hazard Effects of Underground Coal Mining in Mountainous Regions |
| title_full | Surface Multi-Hazard Effects of Underground Coal Mining in Mountainous Regions |
| title_fullStr | Surface Multi-Hazard Effects of Underground Coal Mining in Mountainous Regions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Surface Multi-Hazard Effects of Underground Coal Mining in Mountainous Regions |
| title_short | Surface Multi-Hazard Effects of Underground Coal Mining in Mountainous Regions |
| title_sort | surface multi hazard effects of underground coal mining in mountainous regions |
| topic | coal mining InSAR surface hazards subsidence landslides |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/1/122 |
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