Interlinkages among Terrorism, Macroeconomic Instability, Political Instability, and Economic Growth in Pakistan
This study attempts to establish the relationship between three types of instabilities and economic growth. Political instability, macroeconomic instability, terrorism, and economic growth are analyzed for the period of 1970 to 2019 in Pakistan. The study constructs the indices of the above-mention...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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National University of Sciences and Technology
2021-06-01
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| Series: | NUST Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities |
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| Online Access: | https://njssh.nust.edu.pk/index.php/njssh/article/view/66 |
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| author | Ayesha Naz Hafsa Jabeen Azra Nasir |
| author_facet | Ayesha Naz Hafsa Jabeen Azra Nasir |
| author_sort | Ayesha Naz |
| collection | DOAJ |
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This study attempts to establish the relationship between three types of instabilities and economic growth. Political instability, macroeconomic instability, terrorism, and economic growth are analyzed for the period of 1970 to 2019 in Pakistan. The study constructs the indices of the above-mentioned variables by adding some new variables. Results show that terrorism, political instability, macroeconomic instability, and GDP per capita have long-run associations. GDP per capita and political instability is positively related to terrorism. It indicates that political instable environment paves the way for terrorists to achieve their targets in Pakistan. However, the positive association of GDP per capita to terrorism is due to uneven income distribution pattern. It stimulates deprived groups to become a part of violent activities. Furthermore, results show that macroeconomic performance of a country has no significant effect on terrorist activities but persistent poor performance increases the probability of terrorism. Therefore, in the long-run, macroeconomic instability has positive influence on terrorism. Causality relationships indicate no link between political instability and macroeconomic instability. However, terrorism causes both political and macroeconomic instability in Pakistan.
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e7997cc3e4524124a110fe651d0ba4f1 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2520-503X 2523-0026 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | National University of Sciences and Technology |
| record_format | Article |
| series | NUST Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities |
| spelling | doaj-art-e7997cc3e4524124a110fe651d0ba4f12025-08-20T02:06:49ZengNational University of Sciences and TechnologyNUST Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities2520-503X2523-00262021-06-0171Interlinkages among Terrorism, Macroeconomic Instability, Political Instability, and Economic Growth in PakistanAyesha Naz0Hafsa Jabeen1Azra Nasir2Department of Economics, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan.Department of Economics, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan.Department of Economics, National University of Modern Languages (NUML), Islamabad, Pakistan. This study attempts to establish the relationship between three types of instabilities and economic growth. Political instability, macroeconomic instability, terrorism, and economic growth are analyzed for the period of 1970 to 2019 in Pakistan. The study constructs the indices of the above-mentioned variables by adding some new variables. Results show that terrorism, political instability, macroeconomic instability, and GDP per capita have long-run associations. GDP per capita and political instability is positively related to terrorism. It indicates that political instable environment paves the way for terrorists to achieve their targets in Pakistan. However, the positive association of GDP per capita to terrorism is due to uneven income distribution pattern. It stimulates deprived groups to become a part of violent activities. Furthermore, results show that macroeconomic performance of a country has no significant effect on terrorist activities but persistent poor performance increases the probability of terrorism. Therefore, in the long-run, macroeconomic instability has positive influence on terrorism. Causality relationships indicate no link between political instability and macroeconomic instability. However, terrorism causes both political and macroeconomic instability in Pakistan. https://njssh.nust.edu.pk/index.php/njssh/article/view/66Political InstabilityEconomic GrowthMacroeconomic InstabilityTerrorism |
| spellingShingle | Ayesha Naz Hafsa Jabeen Azra Nasir Interlinkages among Terrorism, Macroeconomic Instability, Political Instability, and Economic Growth in Pakistan NUST Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Political Instability Economic Growth Macroeconomic Instability Terrorism |
| title | Interlinkages among Terrorism, Macroeconomic Instability, Political Instability, and Economic Growth in Pakistan |
| title_full | Interlinkages among Terrorism, Macroeconomic Instability, Political Instability, and Economic Growth in Pakistan |
| title_fullStr | Interlinkages among Terrorism, Macroeconomic Instability, Political Instability, and Economic Growth in Pakistan |
| title_full_unstemmed | Interlinkages among Terrorism, Macroeconomic Instability, Political Instability, and Economic Growth in Pakistan |
| title_short | Interlinkages among Terrorism, Macroeconomic Instability, Political Instability, and Economic Growth in Pakistan |
| title_sort | interlinkages among terrorism macroeconomic instability political instability and economic growth in pakistan |
| topic | Political Instability Economic Growth Macroeconomic Instability Terrorism |
| url | https://njssh.nust.edu.pk/index.php/njssh/article/view/66 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ayeshanaz interlinkagesamongterrorismmacroeconomicinstabilitypoliticalinstabilityandeconomicgrowthinpakistan AT hafsajabeen interlinkagesamongterrorismmacroeconomicinstabilitypoliticalinstabilityandeconomicgrowthinpakistan AT azranasir interlinkagesamongterrorismmacroeconomicinstabilitypoliticalinstabilityandeconomicgrowthinpakistan |