Interaction Between CYP1A2-Related Caffeine Metabolism and Vitamin B12/Folate Status in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome: A Novel Biomarker Axis
<b>Background/Objectives</b>: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is steadily increasing worldwide, driven by complex genetic, nutritional, and environmental factors. Caffeine metabolism, primarily mediated by CYP1A2 (though other enzymes such as CYP1A1 may also be involved), and...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-07-01
|
| Series: | Metabolites |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/15/7/450 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850071525844058112 |
|---|---|
| author | Laura Claudia Popa Ahmed Abu-Awwad Simona Sorina Farcas Simona-Alina Abu-Awwad Nicoleta Ioana Andreescu |
| author_facet | Laura Claudia Popa Ahmed Abu-Awwad Simona Sorina Farcas Simona-Alina Abu-Awwad Nicoleta Ioana Andreescu |
| author_sort | Laura Claudia Popa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <b>Background/Objectives</b>: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is steadily increasing worldwide, driven by complex genetic, nutritional, and environmental factors. Caffeine metabolism, primarily mediated by CYP1A2 (though other enzymes such as CYP1A1 may also be involved), and the status of micronutrients such as vitamin B12 and folate have each been linked to MetS components. This study investigates the interaction between CYP1A2 genetic variants and vitamin B12/folate levels in patients with MetS, aiming to identify a novel biomarker axis with potential implications for personalized interventions. <b>Methods</b>: This cross-sectional observational study included 356 adults diagnosed with MetS, recruited from Western Romania. Genotyping for CYP1A2 rs762551 was performed using TaqMan PCR assays. Daily caffeine intake was assessed via validated dietary questionnaires. Serum levels of folate and vitamin B12 were measured using chemiluminescence immunoassays. <b>Results</b>: AA genotype patients with a moderate coffee intake (1–2 cups/day) had significantly higher folate and B12 levels than AC or CC carriers. These nutritional advantages were associated with more favorable BMI and triglyceride profiles. The interaction between CYP1A2 genotype and coffee intake was significant for both micronutrient levels and metabolic parameters, particularly in the AA group. No significant associations were found in high-coffee-intake subgroups (≥3 cups/day). <b>Conclusions</b>: The interplay between CYP1A2 polymorphisms and B-vitamin status may represent a clinically relevant biomarker axis in MetS. Moderate caffeine intake in slow metabolizers (AA genotype) may boost micronutrient status and metabolic health, supporting personalized nutrition. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e797f3c8a54145d8b2393209e0d7c77e |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2218-1989 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metabolites |
| spelling | doaj-art-e797f3c8a54145d8b2393209e0d7c77e2025-08-20T02:47:17ZengMDPI AGMetabolites2218-19892025-07-0115745010.3390/metabo15070450Interaction Between CYP1A2-Related Caffeine Metabolism and Vitamin B12/Folate Status in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome: A Novel Biomarker AxisLaura Claudia Popa0Ahmed Abu-Awwad1Simona Sorina Farcas2Simona-Alina Abu-Awwad3Nicoleta Ioana Andreescu4Doctoral School, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania“Pius Brinzeu” Emergency Clinical County Hospital, Bld Liviu Rebreanu, No. 156, 300723 Timisoara, RomaniaDepartment of Microscopic Morphology, Discipline of Genetics, Genomic Medicine Centre “Victor Babes”, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania“Pius Brinzeu” Emergency Clinical County Hospital, Bld Liviu Rebreanu, No. 156, 300723 Timisoara, RomaniaDepartment of Microscopic Morphology, Discipline of Genetics, Genomic Medicine Centre “Victor Babes”, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania<b>Background/Objectives</b>: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is steadily increasing worldwide, driven by complex genetic, nutritional, and environmental factors. Caffeine metabolism, primarily mediated by CYP1A2 (though other enzymes such as CYP1A1 may also be involved), and the status of micronutrients such as vitamin B12 and folate have each been linked to MetS components. This study investigates the interaction between CYP1A2 genetic variants and vitamin B12/folate levels in patients with MetS, aiming to identify a novel biomarker axis with potential implications for personalized interventions. <b>Methods</b>: This cross-sectional observational study included 356 adults diagnosed with MetS, recruited from Western Romania. Genotyping for CYP1A2 rs762551 was performed using TaqMan PCR assays. Daily caffeine intake was assessed via validated dietary questionnaires. Serum levels of folate and vitamin B12 were measured using chemiluminescence immunoassays. <b>Results</b>: AA genotype patients with a moderate coffee intake (1–2 cups/day) had significantly higher folate and B12 levels than AC or CC carriers. These nutritional advantages were associated with more favorable BMI and triglyceride profiles. The interaction between CYP1A2 genotype and coffee intake was significant for both micronutrient levels and metabolic parameters, particularly in the AA group. No significant associations were found in high-coffee-intake subgroups (≥3 cups/day). <b>Conclusions</b>: The interplay between CYP1A2 polymorphisms and B-vitamin status may represent a clinically relevant biomarker axis in MetS. Moderate caffeine intake in slow metabolizers (AA genotype) may boost micronutrient status and metabolic health, supporting personalized nutrition.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/15/7/450metabolic syndromecaffeine metabolismcytochrome P-450 CYP1A2vitamin B12folic acidpersonalized medicine |
| spellingShingle | Laura Claudia Popa Ahmed Abu-Awwad Simona Sorina Farcas Simona-Alina Abu-Awwad Nicoleta Ioana Andreescu Interaction Between CYP1A2-Related Caffeine Metabolism and Vitamin B12/Folate Status in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome: A Novel Biomarker Axis Metabolites metabolic syndrome caffeine metabolism cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 vitamin B12 folic acid personalized medicine |
| title | Interaction Between CYP1A2-Related Caffeine Metabolism and Vitamin B12/Folate Status in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome: A Novel Biomarker Axis |
| title_full | Interaction Between CYP1A2-Related Caffeine Metabolism and Vitamin B12/Folate Status in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome: A Novel Biomarker Axis |
| title_fullStr | Interaction Between CYP1A2-Related Caffeine Metabolism and Vitamin B12/Folate Status in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome: A Novel Biomarker Axis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Interaction Between CYP1A2-Related Caffeine Metabolism and Vitamin B12/Folate Status in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome: A Novel Biomarker Axis |
| title_short | Interaction Between CYP1A2-Related Caffeine Metabolism and Vitamin B12/Folate Status in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome: A Novel Biomarker Axis |
| title_sort | interaction between cyp1a2 related caffeine metabolism and vitamin b12 folate status in patients with metabolic syndrome a novel biomarker axis |
| topic | metabolic syndrome caffeine metabolism cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 vitamin B12 folic acid personalized medicine |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/15/7/450 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT lauraclaudiapopa interactionbetweencyp1a2relatedcaffeinemetabolismandvitaminb12folatestatusinpatientswithmetabolicsyndromeanovelbiomarkeraxis AT ahmedabuawwad interactionbetweencyp1a2relatedcaffeinemetabolismandvitaminb12folatestatusinpatientswithmetabolicsyndromeanovelbiomarkeraxis AT simonasorinafarcas interactionbetweencyp1a2relatedcaffeinemetabolismandvitaminb12folatestatusinpatientswithmetabolicsyndromeanovelbiomarkeraxis AT simonaalinaabuawwad interactionbetweencyp1a2relatedcaffeinemetabolismandvitaminb12folatestatusinpatientswithmetabolicsyndromeanovelbiomarkeraxis AT nicoletaioanaandreescu interactionbetweencyp1a2relatedcaffeinemetabolismandvitaminb12folatestatusinpatientswithmetabolicsyndromeanovelbiomarkeraxis |